Ingabe nawe uyathimula njalo ngezinye izikhathi? Ingabe ikhala lakho liyaphuma likhiphe uketshezi olufana ne-mucus? Noma unekhala elicijile namehlo abomvu, alumayo? Esikhathini esiningi, sicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuwumkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa empeleni kungaba yisimo sokungezwani komzimba esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Hay Fever'. Ake sifunde kabanzi ngalokhu namuhla.
Kuyini umkhuhlane we-hay?
Naphezu kwegama elithi 'Umkhuhlane' egameni, i-Hay Fever akuyona imfiva. Igama elifanele lezokwelapha layo yi- Allergic Rhinitis . Kalula nje, i-allergy eyenzeka ekhaleni lethu.
Isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela sikhona ukuze sisivikele ezifweni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, lapho izinto ezingeyona ingozi, njengempova nothuli, zingena emzimbeni wethu, isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela siqala ukulwa nazo ngokungadingekile. Yilapho kuvela khona lezi zimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Ku-Hay Fever, lezi zimpawu zithinta kakhulu ikhala, kodwa zingathinta namehlo, isikhumba kanye nolwanga olungaphezulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi zinto zokungezwani komzimba:
Kuye ngezimbangela, okungukuthi, izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba , ezibangela umkhuhlane we-Hay, lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokungezwani komzimba | Izibangeli eziyinhloko |
|---|---|
| I-Rhinitis Yokungezwani Nemizwa Yesizini | Lokhu kuvela ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka kuphela. Isibonelo, impova evela ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezihlahla, utshani obuthile, kanye nesikhunta sangaphandle kungabangela lokhu. |
| I-Rhinitis Yokungezwani Komzimba Ehlala Njalo | Lezi zimpawu zingavela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Zibangelwa kakhulu izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba endlini, njengezibungu zothuli kanye ne-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo., amaphela kanye nesikhunta sangaphakathi. |
Abanye abantu bangaba nazo zombili izinhlobo, okusho ukuthi bangaba nezimpawu ezithile unyaka wonke futhi babe yingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi se-pollen.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lokhu?
Umkhuhlane Wezinsini ungavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa uvame kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engu-20. Uma unezimo ezilandelayo, ingozi yakho yokuthola umkhuhlane wezinsini iphakeme kancane.
- Uma unezinye izifo zokungezwani komzimba njenge -asthma noma i-eczema .
- Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu benokugula okufana nalokhu.
- Uma uhlala ubhekene nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ekhaya lakho noma emsebenzini.
- Uma umama wakho ebhema ngaphambi kokuba uzalwe noma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Kufanele simbone nini udokotela?
Abantu abaningi bazama ukuphila nalezi zimpawu ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, lokhu kungakhululeki kungancishiswa kakhulu. Uma usesimweni esinjengalesi, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela.
- Uma lezi zimpawu zenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma ziphazamisa ubuthongo bakho.
- Uma imithi oyithatha ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (i-OTC) ungayisizi noma ibangela imiphumela emibi .
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana ne -asthma, izifo ezingamahlalakhona ze-sinus , noma ama-polyp ekhaleni kanye nomkhuhlane we-hay.
Ukwelapha lokhu kusenesikhathi kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokulawula isimo sakho sokungezwani komzimba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezinikezwa udokotela?
Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
Imithi
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Ukusebenza kanye nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izifutho zekhala ze-corticosteroid | Ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ezimpawini ezinjengokulunywa yikhala, ikhala eligobhozayo, kanye nokuminyana. Isibonelo: i-Budesonide, i-Fluticasone, i-Mometasone. |
| Ama-antihistamine | Lezi zitholakala ngesimo samaphilisi, izifutho zamakhala, kanye namaconsi amehlo. Zisebenza kahle kakhulu ezimpawini ezifana nekhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, kanye namehlo nesikhumba esilumayo. Imithi yesimanje efana ne-Cetirizine, i-Fexofenadine, ne-Loratadine isetshenziswa kabanzi ngoba ibangela ukozela okuncane. |
| Imithi yokuqeda ukuminyana | Zisiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwekhala okubangela ukuminyana kwamakhala. Kodwa-ke, ungasebenzisi lolu hlobo lwamaconsi noma izifutho zamakhala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezi-5 zilandelana. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi ikhala lakho lizijwayele futhi kwenze isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. |
| Isiguquli se-Leukotriene | Zivimba isenzo samakhemikhali (ama-leukotriene) akhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba. Lawa awusizo kubantu abane-asthma kanye ne-allergies. Isibonelo: i-Montelukast. |
Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy
Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ehlukile kancane, yesikhathi eside. Okwenzayo lapha ukufaka kancane kancane imithamo emincane kakhulu ye-allergen emzimbeni wakho, okunciphisa ukusabela komzimba wakho kukho. Ngamanye amazwi, kwenza umzimba wakho ujwayele.
- Isinyathelo sokuqala: Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yini ekwenza uzwele.
- Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ngemuva kwalokho, imijovo yokungezwani komzimba equkethe i-allergen inikezwa kancane kancane, noma i-immunotherapy engaphansi kolimi inikezwa nsuku zonke.
Lokhu kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.
Ungazigwema kanjani izinto ezibangela i-allergen?
Okubaluleke njengokuthatha imithi ukuhlala kude ngangokunokwenzeka nezinto ezikubangela ukungezwani komzimba.
Ngezinkinga Zokungezwani Nemizwa Zesizini:
- Hlala endlini ngangokunokwenzeka ngezikhathi zempova ephezulu kanye nangezinsuku ezinomoya.
- Gcina amafasitela evaliwe. Uma kukhona umoya opholile (AC), sebenzisa.
- Gqoka izibuko zelanga uma uphuma ngaphandle ukuze uvimbele impova ukuthi ingangeni emehlweni akho.
- Gqoka imaski uma usebenza ngaphandle.
Ngokungezwani komzimba okungapheli:
- Sebenzisa izembozo ezingangeni uthuli emicamelweni nasemamatileni.
- Hlanza njalo izingubo zokulala nezokulala ngamanzi ashisayo.
- Nciphisa umswakama ekhaya lakho. Sebenzisa ama-air conditioner noma ama-dehumidifier.
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngemva kokuphatha izilwane ezifuywayo. Gwema ukuvumela izilwane ezifuywayo zingene ekamelweni lakho lokulala.
- Uma kungenzeka, sebenzisa ithayela, i-titanium, noma iphansi lokhuni esikhundleni sekhaphethi.
Ezinye izinto ongazenza ekhaya
Ukuhlanza nge-saline: Ukuhlanza ingaphakathi lekhala lakho usebenzisa isisombululo se-saline esitholakala ekhemisi noma ebhodweni le-Neti kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuminyana kwamakhala nokususa izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye ne-mucus eningi. Uma uzenzela isisombululo sakho se-saline, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe napholile.
Nakuba abanye abantu basebenzisa izinto ezifana noju kanye ne-vitamin C ngale njongo, ukusebenza kwazo akukafakazelwa ngokwesayensi. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi wezitshalo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hay Fever akuyona i-flu, i-allergy eyenzeka ekhaleni (i-Allergic Rhinitis).
- Umkhuhlane ovamile, ukuthimula, kanye nekhala elilumayo namehlo kuyizimpawu eziyinhloko .
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonza izimbangela zokungezwani komzimba futhi uzigweme ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Uma izimpawu zinkulu noma ziphazamisa impilo yansuku zonke, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, ungakwazi ukulawula lezi zimpawu futhi uphile impilo ekhululekile.
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