Wake waya endaweni ebandayo efana neNuwara Eliya wabe uqhaqhazela emakhazeni? Noma uyakhumbula isikhathi lapho wamanziswa khona ngosuku lwemvula futhi amazinyo akho eqhuma ngesikhathi ufika ekhaya? Kuvamile ukuzizwa ubanda kancane ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi. Kodwa-ke, lapho lokhu kubanda kuba yinto engalawuleki futhi eyingozi, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hypothermia. Ukukwazi lokhu kahle kuzoba usizo olukhulu kithi kanye nakubathandekayo bethu.
Kuyini ngempela i-hypothermia?
Kalula nje, i-hypothermia ukwehla okuyingozi kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba lapho ukushisa kulahleka emzimbeni ngokushesha kunalokho okukhiqizwayo. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lomuntu ophilile lingama-degrees Celsius angu-98.6 (37 degrees Fahrenheit). Uma kushisa kakhulu, leli zinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwama-degrees Celsius angu-35 (95 degrees Fahrenheit). Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lingahla ngaphansi kwama-degrees Celsius angu-28 (82 degrees Fahrenheit).
Kukhona olunye uhlangothi lwalokhu, esilubiza ngokuthi i-hyperthermia. Kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomzimba lenyuka kakhulu. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka uma ubhekene nokushisa okukhulu, njengelanga.
Ukushisa komzimba kuphuma kanjani?
Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko imizimba yethu elahlekelwa ngazo ukushisa uma sisendaweni ebandayo. I-hypothalamus, ingxenye yobuchopho bethu, isebenza 'njengesikhungo sokulawula' esilawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu. Lapho imizimba yethu ibanda, kuvela izimpawu ezivela kulesi sikhungo bese imizimba yethu iqala ukuthuthumela. Lokhu kuthuthumela kubangela ukuthi imisipha yethu ifinyele futhi ikhiqize ukushisa. Kuphinde kunciphise ukulahlekelwa ukushisa esikhumbeni ngokuvimba imithambo yegazi (vasoconstriction).
Kodwa uma sihlala emakhazeni, izitho eziyinhloko ezikhiqiza ukushisa emzimbeni, njengenhliziyo nesibindi, nazo ziyancipha. Kufana nomzimba 'ovala' ukuze uvikele ubuchopho. Ngenxa yalokho, konke kusukela ekuphefumuleni kuya ekushayeni kwenhliziyo kuqala ukuncipha.
| Indlela yokushabalalisa ukushisa | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Imisebe | Ukushisa kukhishwa ngqo esikhumbeni kuye emoyeni ozungezile. Lena yindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukhipha ukushisa. |
| Ukuqhuba | Uma into ebandayo ithinta umzimba wakho, izwakala ifudumele. Isibonelo, uma ugeza ubuso bakho ngamanzi abandayo. |
| I-Convection | Umoya uthwala ukushisa komzimba. Yingakho sizizwa sibanda kakhulu uma kunomoya onamandla. |
| Ukuhwamuka | Uma umjuluko uphuma, ususa ukushisa komzimba. |
Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypothermia?
Izimpawu zalesi simo zivela kancane kancane, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Izimpawu ezinganeni ezincane
Uma lokhu kwenzeka enganeni encane, kuhlukile kancane kunomntwana omdala.
- Ukuzizwa ubanda ngendlela engavamile uma uthintwa.
- Isikhumba siphenduka sibe bomvu ngokugqamile.
- Ukungabi nampilo nokulala .
Izimpawu kubantu abadala ngokwezimo
Izimpawu kubantu abadala zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu kuye ngokuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani.
| Ithuba | Izinga lokushisa lomzimba (i-Fahrenheit) | Izimpawu eziyinhloko |
|---|---|---|
| Isigaba sokuqala (i-Hypothermia Encane) | 90°F - 95°F | Ukuthuthumela, ukuqhaqhazela kwamazinyo, ukukhathala, ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane, ukozela, isikhumba esimpunga, ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo. |
| I-Hypothermia Ephakathi | 82°F - 90°F | Ukuthuthumela kuyaphela kancane kancane, ukusho amazwi amaningi lapho ukhuluma, ubunzima bokucabanga, ukuqina kwemisipha, isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye nomuzwa wokuquleka. |
| I-Hypothermia Enzima | Ngaphansi kuka-82°F | Ukuphela kokuthuthumela komzimba ngokuphelele, ukuphefumula nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwehla kakhulu, ukwehla komfutho wegazi, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ngisho nokuma kwenhliziyo. |
Okubalulekile , ukuthuthumela kungase kuphele lapho isimo siba sibi kakhulu. Lokhu akulona uphawu oluhle. Kusho ukuthi izinhlelo zokulawula izinga lokushisa zomzimba azisebenzi kahle.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokushisa komzimba ngokweqile?
Abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo.
- Abantu asebekhulile nezingane ezincane: Ngoba indlela yabo yokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba ayinamandla kangako.
- Abantu abanesifo sengqondo: Bangase babe nobunzima bokubona ukuthi bakhungathekile futhi bathole ikhambi laso.
- Abantu abasebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa: Utshwala bubangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi ivuleke, okubangela ukushisa kuphume emzimbeni ngokushesha.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kanye nezifo ze-thyroid.
- Abantu abangenamakhaya noma abangenazo izingubo noma ukudla okwanele okufudumele.
Senzenjani uma into efana nale ivelela umuntu? (Usizo lokuqala)
I-Hypothermia iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo . Ngakho-ke uma umuntu enalezi zimpawu, kufanele ayiswe esibhedlela ngokushesha. Okwamanje, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza kuze kufike usizo.
1. Hambisa umuntu ngokucophelela: Khipha kancane kancane isiguli emakhazeni bese usihambisa endaweni efudumele, engenamoya. Ungasishukumisi ngamandla. Ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kungalimaza ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
2. Susa izingubo ezimanzi: Khumula zonke izingubo ezimanzi, izicathulo, kanye namasokisi.
3. Ukufudumeza: Mboza isiguli kahle ngezingubo zokulala ezomile nezingubo. Ungafudumeza isiguli usebenzisa ukushisa komzimba wakho.
4. Nikeza izinto ezifudumele: Uma isiguli siphaphame, sinike okuthile kokuphuza, njengesobho noma ushokoledi oshisayo. Ungasiniki ikhofi noma utshwala. Kuzokwenza umzimba ubanda ngokushesha. Ungaphoqi muntu ongazi ukuthi aphuze noma yini.
5. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha:Uma isiguli siqulekile, singaphefumuli noma singenawo umfutho wegazi, siyise ngokushesha egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU). Uma uqeqeshwe, qala i-CPR (ukuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo).
Esibhedlela, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile (isib. ukufudumala kwegazi, usawoti ofudumele) ukubuyisela izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lomzimba.
Sisindiswa kanjani kulokhu?
Akunzima kangako ukubalekela lesi simo esiyingozi.
- Gqoka izembatho eziningana: Uma uzophuma ngosuku olubandayo, kungcono ukugqoka izembatho eziningana ezincane kunezembatho ezimbili ezijiyile.
- Mboza ikhanda lakho, izandla, nezindlebe: Sebenzisa isigqoko, amagilavu, kanye ne-muffler. Lezi yizingxenye zomzimba wakho ezilahlekelwa ukushisa okukhulu.
- Ungamanzi: Uma umanziswa yimvula, gqoka izingubo ezomile ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Nakekela ngokukhethekile asebekhulile nezingane ezincane: qiniseka ukuthi banezingubo ezifudumele ezanele nokuthi igumbi abakulo alibandi.
- Uma uwela emanzini abandayo: Uma uwela emanzini, njengalapho ugibela isikebhe, phuma emanzini ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma kufanele uhlale emanzini, gcina amadolo akho eduze kwesifuba sakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'umoya wokunciphisa ukushisa' (USIZO). Lokhu kuzosiza ukugcina umzimba wakho ufudumele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hypothermia yisimo lapho izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehla khona ngaphansi kwama-degrees Celsius angu-35 (95°F). Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukuthuthumela, ukozela, ukukhuluma okungacacile, kanye nokungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo. Uma isimo sibi kakhulu , ukuthuthumela kungase kuphele.
- Uma umuntu enalezi zimpawu, msuse ngokushesha emakhazeni, mkhumule izingubo ezimanzi, bese umgoqa ngezingubo ezomile ukuze ahlale efudumele.
- Nikeza umuntu iziphuzo ezifudumele kuphela uma ephapheme. Ungamniki utshwala noma ikhofi.
- Thatha isiguli uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ungabaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho njalo.
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