Ungase ube ngumuntu othanda ukuhamba eNdiya, ikakhulukazi emahlathini. Kodwa uma sihamba ohambweni olunjalo, kufanele sicabange kancane ngezifo ezingaziwa. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esisodwa esinjalo, esingaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi emahlathini asesifundazweni saseNdiya iKarnataka. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngamakhizane futhi saziwa nangokuthi "umkhuhlane wezinkawu" phakathi kwabantu.
Kuyini i-Kaisanur Forest Disease (KFD)?
Kalula nje, lesi yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane. Sibizwa ngokuthi isifo samahlathi saseKaisanur, ngoba saqala ukubikwa ehlathini elibizwa ngokuthi iKaisanur esifundazweni saseKarnataka, eNdiya. Lesi yisifo esibangelwa ukopha okubangelwa yigciwane . Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma lesi sifo siba sibi kakhulu, singabangela ukopha ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba ngisho nokufa.
Igciwane elibangela lokhu lingelomndeni wamagciwane abizwa ngokuthi i-'Flaviviridae'. Lawa awela esigabeni se-'arbovirus'. Lokhu kusho ukuthi leli gciwane lidluliselwa kakhulu yizilwane ezincane '(ama-arthropod)' njengezimpukane nezimbungulu.
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Leli gciwane livame ukutholakala ezilwaneni ezifana namagundane, amagundane, nezinkawu. Uma ikhizane limunca igazi lenye yalezi zilwane, igciwane lingena emzimbeni wekhizane. Bese kuthi, lapho lelo khizane liluma umuntu, igciwane lingene emizimbeni yethu. Futhi, uma uthinta isilwane esinjengenkawu egula ngalesi sifo noma esanda kufa, ungasithola lesi sifo.
Kodwa kunezindaba ezinhle. Akukaze kube nemibiko yokuthi lesi sifo sidluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu siye komunye . Lokho kuyimpumuzo enkulu.
Izilwane zasekhaya njengezinkomo, izimbuzi, nezimvu nazo zingatheleleka ngaleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, asikwazi ukuthola lesi sifo ngqo kulezo zilwane. Kodwa-ke, singasithola lesi sifo ngamakhizane emizimbeni yalezo zilwane. Lesi sifo asikwazi ukudluliselwa ngokuphuza ubisi lwalezo zilwane.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu esifundazweni saseNdiya iKarnataka kanye nezifundazwe ezingomakhelwane. Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMeyi .
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu ziqala ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kweziyi-7 ngemva kokulunywa yizikhaza. Izimpawu zokuqala ukuqala ngokuzumayo komkhuhlane omkhulu kanye nokubanda. Lokhu kungahambisana nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu. Abanye abantu bangase babe ne-photophobia , ukungakwazi ukubuka ukukhanya okukhulu .
Lo mkhuhlane ungahlala izinsuku ezingu-12 noma ngaphezulu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungase ubhekane nalezi zimpawu:
- Ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubuhlungu emhlane nasemalungeni
- Amabhamuza amanzi emzimbeni
- Ubuthakathaka obukhulu
Ngemva kwezinsuku ezi-3 noma ezi-4, kungase kuvele olunye uphawu oluyingozi. Lokho ukopha . Ungase uqale ukopha ezinsinini nasemakhaleni. Kanye nokuhlanzaUkopha kungenzeka, ukukhwehlela igazi, futhi igazi lingadluliselwa nasendle, liphenduke libe mnyama noma libomvu. Ukopha emaphashini noma ukopha ngokweqile emathunjini kungaholela ekufeni.
Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bayalulama zingakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangesikhathi sokululama, kungase kube nokuthuthumela kwemisipha, umuzwa wobuthakathaka, kanye nokuthuthumela.
Isigaba sesibili salesi sifo
Abanye abantu (cishe u-20%) bangase babe nesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-biphasic. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umkhuhlane uyaphela bese ubuya. Kulesi sigaba sesibili , izimpawu ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa zivame kakhulu.
- Ukozela
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo
- Isiyezi
- Ukuquleka kwesifo sokuwa
- Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi `(ukungazi lutho)`
Ukopha kungase kwenzeke kulesi sigaba sesibili. Lesi simo sihlala cishe izinsuku eziyi-12-14. Izinga lokufa kwalesi sifo liphakathi kuka-2% no-10%.
Uma usanda kuya eKarnataka noma endaweni eseduze eNdiya futhi unomkhuhlane kanye nalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ungakhohlwa ukutshela udokotela wakho ngomlando wakho wohambo.
Indlela yokuxilonga lesi sifo ngokunembile?
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpawu zezifo eziningi ezithwalwa yizikhaza ziyafana, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukukhomba imbangela eqondile. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho esola i-KFD, kunezivivinyo eziningana zelebhu ezingaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR: Ukutholwa kwezingcezu zofuzo zegciwane (Ukutholwa kwama-molecule nge-polymerase chain reaction - PCR)).
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane: Ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane egazini.
- Ukuhlolwa kwama-antibody: Ukuhlolwa kwe-serologic kusetshenziswa i-ELISA kubheka ama-antibodies egazini akhiqizwe ngokumelene negciwane.
I-PCR kanye ne-ELISA yizivivinyo ezinikeza imiphumela esheshayo. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo singatholakala ngokushesha futhi ukwelashwa kungaqalwa. Kulesi sifo, ukulaliswa esibhedlela kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungasindisa izimpilo.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Ngeshwa, akukho muthi othize we-antiviral otholakale we-KFD , ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kunqunyelwe ezimpawini kanye nokunakekelwa okusekelayo.
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi wokunciphisa umkhuhlane nobuhlungu, futhi uzokutshela nokuthi uphuze uketshezi oluningi ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
Labo abagula kakhulu badinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze bathole ukwelashwa. Lapho,
- Uma kukhona uketshezi olugcinwa emzimbeni, kunikezwa usawoti (uketshezi olufakwa emthanjeni).
- Uma umfutho wegazi uphansi, uyelashwa.
- Uma kukhona ukopha ngokweqile, igazi liyafakwa.
- Ukwelapha izinkinga ezifana nesifo sokuwa.
Ungasigwema kanjani lesi sifo esiyingozi?
Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singabi khona . Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwenza lokhu: ukugoma kanye nokuvikela ezinkingeni.
1. Ukugoma
Kukhona umuthi wokugomela i-KFD. Wenziwe ngegciwane elingasebenzi. Cishe abantu abangu-70% abathola lo muthi bakha ama-antibodies angalwa nalesi sifo.
2. Ukugwema ukulunywa ngamakhi
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu esingayenza. Uma uya endaweni lapho lesi sifo sikhona khona, qiniseka ukuthi uyazenza lezi zinto ukuze uzivikele ezifweni.
| Indlela ephephile | Incazelo yalokho okufanele ukwenze |
|---|---|
| Ukugqoka izingubo ezifanele | Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho kahle. Uma ugqoka amabhulukwe amade, faka izinqe zawo emasokisini akho. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube nzima ngama-tick ukukhuphuka imilenze yakho. |
| Izingubo ezinombala okhanyayo | Uma ugqoka izingubo ezinombala okhanyayo, ungabona kalula uphawu ezingutsheni zakho. Ungalususa ngokushesha nje lapho ulubona. |
| Ukugwema izindawo ezinamahlathi | Gwema ukuhamba emahlathini agcwele imikhaza, amahlumela, notshani obude. Hamba njalo ezindleleni ezicwebezelayo. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane | Futha izingubo zakho, izicathulo, kanye nezinto zokukhempa ngomuthi wokuxosha amakhaza. |
| Izinto zokuxosha izinambuzane | Faka isixosha izinambuzane njenge- DEET esikhumbeni esiveziwe. |
| Ukususwa kwethikhi | Uma ubona ikhithi linamathele esikhumbeni sakho, libambe eduze kwesikhumba ngama-tweezers bese ulidonsela phezulu ngqo. Ungalokothi ulicindezele, ulichoboze, noma ulishise ikhithi. |
Ingozi yakho yokuthola i-KFD incike ekutheni uhamba kuphi, uhamba nini, kanye nemisebenzi oyenzayo. Isifunda saseWestern Ghats eKarnataka, eNdiya, sisengozini enkulu kakhulu, kodwa amacala manje asebikwa nasezifundazweni ezizungezile zaseTamil Nadu, eGoa, eKerala, naseMaharashtra.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo Sehlathi LaseKaisanur (KFD), esaziwa nangokuthi umkhuhlane wezinkawu, yisifo esingaba yingozi esidluliselwa ngamakhaza ezindaweni ezithile zaseNdiya.
- Ekuqaleni, kungase kube nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu, kodwa kamuva kungase kuvele ukopha.
- Uma uba nalezi zimpawu ngemva kokuhambahamba eNdiya, ikakhulukazi esifundazweni saseKarnataka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha bese wazisa udokotela wakho ngemininingwane yokuhamba kwakho.
- Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalesi sifo, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela ukungenwa yilesi sifo.
- Uma uhamba ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba kahle, sebenzisa imithi yokuxosha izinambuzane, futhi uhlole njalo ukuthi azikho yini izimpukane.
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