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Ake sifunde kahle nge-hair perms. (I-Hair Perm)

Ake sifunde kahle nge-hair perms. (I-Hair Perm)

Ingabe ungumuntu othanda ukushintsha isitayela sakho sezinwele njalo? Abanye abantu bathanda ukugcina isitayela sezinwele esifanayo, kanti abanye bathanda ukuzama into entsha njalo ngenyanga. Izinwele zinekhono elihle lokunquma ukubukeka kwethu. Abanye abantu banezinwele ezigobile ngokwemvelo, kanti abanye banezinwele eziqondile. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu onezinwele eziqondile efuna ukuba nezinwele ezigobile, noma uma umuntu onezinwele ezigobile efuna ukuziqondisa, yingakho sisebenzisa indlela yamakhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Hair Perm.

Kalula nje, iyini i-hair perm?

I-Perm Yezinwele, I-Permanent Wave, noma i-Permanent Stayness konke kubhekisela entweni efanayo. Kuyinqubo esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukushintsha ukuthungwa kwemvelo kwezinwele zakho, okwenza zibe yi-wave noma ziqonde . Ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora ambalwa. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-perm ingahlala cishe izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 . Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi singahluka kuye ngezici ezifana nempilo yesikhumba sakho sekhanda, ukunakekelwa okunikeza izinwele zakho, nokuthi izinwele zakho zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. I-perm izohlala isikhathi eside ezinweleni ezinde kunasezinweleni ezimfushane.

Uyenza kanjani i-perm e-salon?

Ake sibheke kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani uma uya esalon.

1. Ukugeza izinwele zakho : Okokuqala, umlungisi wezinwele wakho uzogeza izinwele zakho kahle ngeshampu, asuse amafutha nokungcola, bese ezilungiselela i-perm.

2. Ukusonga izinwele: Okulandelayo, uhlukanisa izinwele zibe yizingxenye bese uzisonga ngama-roller kanye nezinduku ezihambisana nosayizi wama-curls owafunayo. Usayizi wala ma-roller uzoncika ekutheni ufuna ama-curls amancane noma amakhulu.

3. Ukusebenzisa uketshezi lwamakhemikhali: Manje yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Uzosebenzisa ukwelashwa koketshezi lwamakhemikhali ezinweleni zakho ezigoqekile. Leli khemikhali liphula izibopho zemvelo ezinweleni zakho futhi lizenze zivumelane nesimo se-roller.

4. Shiya kuze kuqine: Shiya lokhu imizuzu engaba ngu-15-20. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kuye ngesimo sezinwele zakho.

5. Hlanza kabusha : Uma isikhathi sesilungile, susa ama-roller bese ugeza izinwele zakho kahle ngamanzi futhi.

6. Ukunciphisa ama-curls: Okulandelayo, kusetshenziswa elinye ikhemikhali ukusiza ama-curls asanda kudalwa ukuthi ahlale esimweni sawo sokuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isinyathelo sokunganciphisi . Yilokhu okuqinisa ama-curls akho.

7. Hlanza okokugcina: Hlanza izinwele kahle futhi ukuze ususe noma yimaphi amakhemikhali asele.

8. Faka i-conditioner: Okokugcina, sebenzisa i-conditioner enhle ukuze ugcine izinwele zakho zimanzi, zicwebezela, zibushelelezi futhi zibukeka ziphilile.Ngisebenzisa i-conditioner.

Kungcono yini ukwenza i-perm ekhaya?

Kulezi zinsuku, abantu abaningi bathenga ama-Home Perm Kits abangawasebenzisa ekhaya futhi babukele amavidiyo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuze balungise izinwele zabo. Nakuba lokhu konga imali nesikhathi, kunezingozi eziningi . Ngoba ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe. Cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Izingozi zokuthola i-perming ekhaya Incazelo
Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba Amakhemikhali angabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba kanye nokungezwani komzimba okufana nokulunywa.
Ukusha kwesikhumba Amakhemikhali angashisa futhi alimaze isikhumba sekhanda uma eshiywe isikhathi eside kakhulu noma esetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele.
Ukulimala kwezinwele Izinwele ezomile, ukuphuka, kanye nokuhlukana kwezinhlangothi kuvamile.
Izilungiselelo ezingalungile Ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa isikhathi esisele kumakhemikhali kungase kungavezi imiphumela efiselekayo.

Uma ukwenza ekhaya, landela imiyalelo esekhithini ngqo . Gcina isibali sikhathi ukuze uhlole isikhathi. Uma isikhumba sakho sekhanda sizwa ukulunywa noma ubuhlungu, geza izinwele zakho ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko sikadokotela .

Yimaphi amakhemikhali aqukethwe yi-perm?

I-perm ithinta ngqo i-keratin ezinweleni zakho.Iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin. 95% yezinwele zethu zakhiwe yile keratin. Amakhemikhali akule perm aphula izibopho phakathi kwala ma-molecule e-keratin futhi awahlele kabusha abe nesimo esisha.

Ikhemikhali eyinhloko esetshenziswa kuma-perms ivame ukuba yi-ammonium thioglycolate . Leli khemikhali yilona elibangela umonakalo omkhulu ezinweleni. Uma izinwele zakho zincane noma zibuthakathaka, kungcono ukhethe i-perm emnene (ene-acid balanced) equkethe into efana ne -glyceryl monothioglycolate .

Eminye imikhiqizo ingase ithi ayinayo i-'Ammonium thioglycolate', kodwa esikhundleni salokho isebenzisa amanye amakhemikhali afana ne -'Cysteamine' noma i-'Mercaptamine' . Lawa futhi amakhemikhali e-thio angalimaza izinwele.

Ngaphambi kokuthola i-perm, buza umuntu olungisa izinwele zakho ukuthi, "Yiluphi uhlobo lwamakhemikhali olusetshenziswayo?" Kuyilungelo lakho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-perm ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zama-perms ezitholakalayo namuhla. Ungakhetha eyodwa efanela uhlobo lwezinwele zakho kanye nokubukeka okufunayo.

Uhlobo lwe-Perm Incazelo nokuthi ubani ofanele?
I-Perm Yamagagasi Abandayo Lena inqubo esheshayo. Ama-curls adalwe cishe ngemizuzu eyi-15. Asetshenziselwa ukufeza ama-curls acacile futhi aqinile.
I-Perm Yedijithali (I-Perm Eshisayo) Lena indlela entsha. Ama-roller ashisayo alawulwa ngedijithali. Lokhu kuhle ekufinyeleleni amaza akhululekile abukeka emvelo.
I-Perm yomzimba Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukwengeza ivolumu eningi ezinweleni ezincane noma ezisicaba. Kwengeza igagasi elikhanyayo ezinweleni.
I-Spiral Perm Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu. Lungenza izinwele zakho ziqine futhi zigobe.
I-Perm Yamagagasi Asogwini Inikeza ukubukeka okukhanyayo, kwemvelo kwamagagasi, njengokungathi usanda kuvela ogwini lolwandle. Izinwele zibukeka zigcwele.
I-Perm Eqondile Indlela esetshenziswa ukuqondisa izinwele ezigobile noma ezigobile ngokwemvelo.

Uyinakekela kanjani i-perm?

Ukuze ugcine i-perm izinyanga ezifika kweziyisithupha, udinga ukuyinakekela kahle. Kudinga indlela ehlukile kunokunakekela izinwele ezivamile.

  • Umthetho obaluleke kakhulu: Ungagezi noma ukhame izinwele zakho emahoreni okuqala angu-48 ngemva kokuzivumela ukuba zihlale zimanzi. Yilapho ama-curls eqala khona ngempela. Ngakho-ke gwema ukuzilolonga ngokujuluka noma ukugeza ngaphandle kwesivalo sokugeza phakathi nalezi zinsuku ezimbili.
  • Gwema i-Chlorine: I-Chlorine emachibini okubhukuda ilimaza i-perm.
  • Nciphisa isitayela sokushisa: Ukusebenzisa njalo amathuluzi okuqondisa izinwele njengezinsimbi ezisicaba kanye nama-curlers kungabangela ukuthi i-frizz inyamalale ngokushesha.
  • Indawo yokulala: Uma kungenzeka, lala ngesisu noma ngohlangothi esikhundleni somhlane wakho. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingcindezi ezinweleni zakho. Ukusebenzisa isikhwama somcamelo sesilika noma isivalo sesilika kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuxakeka kwezinwele.
  • Indlela yokukama izinwele zakho: Uma ukama izinwele ezimanzi, zikame ngeminwe yakho noma ngekamu elinamazinyo abanzi . Kama kusukela phansi kwezinwele kuya phezulu. Ungalokothi udonse kakhulu.
  • Gcina umswakama: Amakhemikhali omisa izinwele. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umswakama ezinweleni zakho ngokusebenzisa i-conditioner enhle yokushiya kanye nokwelashwa ngamaprotheni.

Ngubani okungafanele abe ne-perm?

Nakuba i-perming iyindlela enhle yokunikeza izinwele zakho ukubukeka okusha, ayifaneleki kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinwele. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo owengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma izinwele zakho zingaphilile. Gwema i-perming uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

  • Uma izinwele zakho zicutshungulwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali njalo .
  • IzinweleUma unezinhlangothi ezihlukene.
  • Uma izinwele zibuthakathaka kakhulu/zinezimbobo .

Ama-perm amakhemikhali awanconywa ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezineminyaka ephakathi kweyi-10 neyi-13. Ezinye izifundo zihlobanise ukusetshenziswa kwala makhemikhali nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele. Ngakho-ke, ungase ufune ukucabanga kabili ngakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

  • I-Perm yezinwele inqubo esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukushintsha ukuthungwa kwezinwele. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ezinweleni.
  • Uma wenza lokhu, khetha i-salon ethembekile, enolwazi, futhi esebenzisa imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu .
  • Khuluma nomenzi wezinwele zakho ngohlobo lwe-perm olufanela uhlobo lwezinwele zakho kanye nokubukeka okufunayo.
  • Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela izinwele zakho kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa i-perm, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora okuqala angu-48 .
  • Uma izinwele zakho sezivele zibuthakathaka futhi zonakele, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukugoba.
  • Uma uvuvukala ekhanda, unamanxeba, noma ungezwani nomzimba kakhulu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

I-Perm Yezinwele, I-Perm Yezinwele, Ukugoqa Izinwele, Ukwelashwa Kwamakhemikhali, Ukunakekelwa Kwezinwele, I-Salon, Ukulimala Kwezinwele

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Uyenza kanjani i-perm e-salon?

Ake sibheke kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani uma uya esalon.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Sicela ubale: 7 + 9 =
Ake sifunde kahle nge-hair perms. (I-Hair Perm)
Ukunakekelwa KomzimbaJulayi 16, 2026

Ake sifunde kahle nge-hair perms. (I-Hair Perm)

Ingabe ungumuntu othanda ukushintsha isitayela sakho sezinwele njalo? Abanye abantu bathanda ukugcina isitayela sezinwele esifanayo, kanti abanye bathanda ukuzama into entsha njalo ngenyanga. Izinwele zinekhono elihle lokunquma ukubukeka kwethu. Abanye abantu banezinwele ezigobile ngokwemvelo, kanti abanye banezinwele eziqondile. Kodwa-ke, uma umuntu onezinwele eziqondile efuna ukuba nezinwele ezigobile, noma uma umuntu onezinwele ezigobile efuna ukuziqondisa, yingakho sisebenzisa indlela yamakhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Hair Perm.

Kalula nje, iyini i-hair perm?

I-Perm Yezinwele, I-Permanent Wave, noma i-Permanent Stayness konke kubhekisela entweni efanayo. Kuyinqubo esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukushintsha ukuthungwa kwemvelo kwezinwele zakho, okwenza zibe yi-wave noma ziqonde . Ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora ambalwa. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-perm ingahlala cishe izinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6 . Kodwa-ke, lesi sikhathi singahluka kuye ngezici ezifana nempilo yesikhumba sakho sekhanda, ukunakekelwa okunikeza izinwele zakho, nokuthi izinwele zakho zikhula ngokushesha kangakanani. I-perm izohlala isikhathi eside ezinweleni ezinde kunasezinweleni ezimfushane.

Uyenza kanjani i-perm e-salon?

Ake sibheke kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani uma uya esalon.

1. Ukugeza izinwele zakho : Okokuqala, umlungisi wezinwele wakho uzogeza izinwele zakho kahle ngeshampu, asuse amafutha nokungcola, bese ezilungiselela i-perm.

2. Ukusonga izinwele: Okulandelayo, uhlukanisa izinwele zibe yizingxenye bese uzisonga ngama-roller kanye nezinduku ezihambisana nosayizi wama-curls owafunayo. Usayizi wala ma-roller uzoncika ekutheni ufuna ama-curls amancane noma amakhulu.

3. Ukusebenzisa uketshezi lwamakhemikhali: Manje yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Uzosebenzisa ukwelashwa koketshezi lwamakhemikhali ezinweleni zakho ezigoqekile. Leli khemikhali liphula izibopho zemvelo ezinweleni zakho futhi lizenze zivumelane nesimo se-roller.

4. Shiya kuze kuqine: Shiya lokhu imizuzu engaba ngu-15-20. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kuye ngesimo sezinwele zakho.

5. Hlanza kabusha : Uma isikhathi sesilungile, susa ama-roller bese ugeza izinwele zakho kahle ngamanzi futhi.

6. Ukunciphisa ama-curls: Okulandelayo, kusetshenziswa elinye ikhemikhali ukusiza ama-curls asanda kudalwa ukuthi ahlale esimweni sawo sokuqala. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isinyathelo sokunganciphisi . Yilokhu okuqinisa ama-curls akho.

7. Hlanza okokugcina: Hlanza izinwele kahle futhi ukuze ususe noma yimaphi amakhemikhali asele.

8. Faka i-conditioner: Okokugcina, sebenzisa i-conditioner enhle ukuze ugcine izinwele zakho zimanzi, zicwebezela, zibushelelezi futhi zibukeka ziphilile.Ngisebenzisa i-conditioner.

Kungcono yini ukwenza i-perm ekhaya?

Kulezi zinsuku, abantu abaningi bathenga ama-Home Perm Kits abangawasebenzisa ekhaya futhi babukele amavidiyo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuze balungise izinwele zabo. Nakuba lokhu konga imali nesikhathi, kunezingozi eziningi . Ngoba ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa kochwepheshe. Cabanga ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Izingozi zokuthola i-perming ekhaya Incazelo
Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba Amakhemikhali angabangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba kanye nokungezwani komzimba okufana nokulunywa.
Ukusha kwesikhumba Amakhemikhali angashisa futhi alimaze isikhumba sekhanda uma eshiywe isikhathi eside kakhulu noma esetshenziswe ngendlela engafanele.
Ukulimala kwezinwele Izinwele ezomile, ukuphuka, kanye nokuhlukana kwezinhlangothi kuvamile.
Izilungiselelo ezingalungile Ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa isikhathi esisele kumakhemikhali kungase kungavezi imiphumela efiselekayo.

Uma ukwenza ekhaya, landela imiyalelo esekhithini ngqo . Gcina isibali sikhathi ukuze uhlole isikhathi. Uma isikhumba sakho sekhanda sizwa ukulunywa noma ubuhlungu, geza izinwele zakho ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko sikadokotela .

Yimaphi amakhemikhali aqukethwe yi-perm?

I-perm ithinta ngqo i-keratin ezinweleni zakho.Iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-keratin. 95% yezinwele zethu zakhiwe yile keratin. Amakhemikhali akule perm aphula izibopho phakathi kwala ma-molecule e-keratin futhi awahlele kabusha abe nesimo esisha.

Ikhemikhali eyinhloko esetshenziswa kuma-perms ivame ukuba yi-ammonium thioglycolate . Leli khemikhali yilona elibangela umonakalo omkhulu ezinweleni. Uma izinwele zakho zincane noma zibuthakathaka, kungcono ukhethe i-perm emnene (ene-acid balanced) equkethe into efana ne -glyceryl monothioglycolate .

Eminye imikhiqizo ingase ithi ayinayo i-'Ammonium thioglycolate', kodwa esikhundleni salokho isebenzisa amanye amakhemikhali afana ne -'Cysteamine' noma i-'Mercaptamine' . Lawa futhi amakhemikhali e-thio angalimaza izinwele.

Ngaphambi kokuthola i-perm, buza umuntu olungisa izinwele zakho ukuthi, "Yiluphi uhlobo lwamakhemikhali olusetshenziswayo?" Kuyilungelo lakho.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-perm ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zama-perms ezitholakalayo namuhla. Ungakhetha eyodwa efanela uhlobo lwezinwele zakho kanye nokubukeka okufunayo.

Uhlobo lwe-Perm Incazelo nokuthi ubani ofanele?
I-Perm Yamagagasi Abandayo Lena inqubo esheshayo. Ama-curls adalwe cishe ngemizuzu eyi-15. Asetshenziselwa ukufeza ama-curls acacile futhi aqinile.
I-Perm Yedijithali (I-Perm Eshisayo) Lena indlela entsha. Ama-roller ashisayo alawulwa ngedijithali. Lokhu kuhle ekufinyeleleni amaza akhululekile abukeka emvelo.
I-Perm yomzimba Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukwengeza ivolumu eningi ezinweleni ezincane noma ezisicaba. Kwengeza igagasi elikhanyayo ezinweleni.
I-Spiral Perm Uhlobo oludumile kakhulu. Lungenza izinwele zakho ziqine futhi zigobe.
I-Perm Yamagagasi Asogwini Inikeza ukubukeka okukhanyayo, kwemvelo kwamagagasi, njengokungathi usanda kuvela ogwini lolwandle. Izinwele zibukeka zigcwele.
I-Perm Eqondile Indlela esetshenziswa ukuqondisa izinwele ezigobile noma ezigobile ngokwemvelo.

Uyinakekela kanjani i-perm?

Ukuze ugcine i-perm izinyanga ezifika kweziyisithupha, udinga ukuyinakekela kahle. Kudinga indlela ehlukile kunokunakekela izinwele ezivamile.

  • Umthetho obaluleke kakhulu: Ungagezi noma ukhame izinwele zakho emahoreni okuqala angu-48 ngemva kokuzivumela ukuba zihlale zimanzi. Yilapho ama-curls eqala khona ngempela. Ngakho-ke gwema ukuzilolonga ngokujuluka noma ukugeza ngaphandle kwesivalo sokugeza phakathi nalezi zinsuku ezimbili.
  • Gwema i-Chlorine: I-Chlorine emachibini okubhukuda ilimaza i-perm.
  • Nciphisa isitayela sokushisa: Ukusebenzisa njalo amathuluzi okuqondisa izinwele njengezinsimbi ezisicaba kanye nama-curlers kungabangela ukuthi i-frizz inyamalale ngokushesha.
  • Indawo yokulala: Uma kungenzeka, lala ngesisu noma ngohlangothi esikhundleni somhlane wakho. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingcindezi ezinweleni zakho. Ukusebenzisa isikhwama somcamelo sesilika noma isivalo sesilika kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuxakeka kwezinwele.
  • Indlela yokukama izinwele zakho: Uma ukama izinwele ezimanzi, zikame ngeminwe yakho noma ngekamu elinamazinyo abanzi . Kama kusukela phansi kwezinwele kuya phezulu. Ungalokothi udonse kakhulu.
  • Gcina umswakama: Amakhemikhali omisa izinwele. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umswakama ezinweleni zakho ngokusebenzisa i-conditioner enhle yokushiya kanye nokwelashwa ngamaprotheni.

Ngubani okungafanele abe ne-perm?

Nakuba i-perming iyindlela enhle yokunikeza izinwele zakho ukubukeka okusha, ayifaneleki kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinwele. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo owengeziwe, ikakhulukazi uma izinwele zakho zingaphilile. Gwema i-perming uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo:

  • Uma izinwele zakho zicutshungulwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali njalo .
  • IzinweleUma unezinhlangothi ezihlukene.
  • Uma izinwele zibuthakathaka kakhulu/zinezimbobo .

Ama-perm amakhemikhali awanconywa ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi lezo ezineminyaka ephakathi kweyi-10 neyi-13. Ezinye izifundo zihlobanise ukusetshenziswa kwala makhemikhali nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele. Ngakho-ke, ungase ufune ukucabanga kabili ngakho.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

  • I-Perm yezinwele inqubo esebenzisa amakhemikhali ukushintsha ukuthungwa kwezinwele. Lokhu kungabangela umonakalo ezinweleni.
  • Uma wenza lokhu, khetha i-salon ethembekile, enolwazi, futhi esebenzisa imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu .
  • Khuluma nomenzi wezinwele zakho ngohlobo lwe-perm olufanela uhlobo lwezinwele zakho kanye nokubukeka okufunayo.
  • Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela izinwele zakho kahle ngemva kokusebenzisa i-perm, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora okuqala angu-48 .
  • Uma izinwele zakho sezivele zibuthakathaka futhi zonakele, kuwukuhlakanipha ukugwema ukugoba.
  • Uma uvuvukala ekhanda, unamanxeba, noma ungezwani nomzimba kakhulu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

I-Perm Yezinwele, I-Perm Yezinwele, Ukugoqa Izinwele, Ukwelashwa Kwamakhemikhali, Ukunakekelwa Kwezinwele, I-Salon, Ukulimala Kwezinwele

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Uyenza kanjani i-perm e-salon?

Ake sibheke kancane kancane ukuthi kwenzekani uma uya esalon.

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.

Engeza amazwana akho

Sicela ubale: 7 + 9 =