Cishe uyazi ukwesaba nokukhathazeka okuzwayo lapho ingane yakho ikhwehlela kakhulu futhi iqhubeka. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kukhwehlela kuba kubi kakhulu kangangokuthi ingane ihluleka ukuphefumula. Esinye sezifo zokuphefumula ezimbi kangaka sibizwa ngokuthi "ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo". Ngokwezokwelapha, siphinde sikubize ngokuthi `(Pertussis)`. Kuyathelelana kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu oyedwa ekhaya ekuthola, kungasakazekela kwabanye ngokushesha. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvikela izingane zethu kanye nathi kulesi sifo esiyingozi. Futhi lokho ukuthola umuthi wokugomela ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo.
Kungani umuthi wokugomela ukukhwehlela ubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu?
Kalula nje, ukukhwehlela okubangelwa amagciwane kusakazeka ngamaconsi akhishwa emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Nakuba ukugeza izandla nokumboza umlomo wakho lapho ukhwehlela kungasiza ekulawuleni ukusabalala kwesifo ngezinga elithile, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okuphelele ukugonywa .
Lo muthi wokugomela unconywa kubantu babo bonke ubudala.
- Kwabantwana abancane
- Kwabantwana abancane
- Kwabantwana abancane
- Kwabantu abadala
- Kwabomama abakhulelwe
Phakathi kwalaba , iqembu elisengozini kakhulu nelivinjelwa kakhulu ukugonywa yizingane ezincane . Ikakhulukazi uma izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa zithola ukukhwehlela, kungaba nzima futhi kusongela ngisho nokuphila. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza lo muthi ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ezalwa, ngokwesimiso esibekiwe.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugomela ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi yokugomela ukukhwehlela. Uhlobo olutholayo luncike eminyakeni yakho.
1. Umuthi wokugomela i-DTaP (wezingane ezincane)
Lo mjovo unikezwa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7. Empeleni lo mjovo uhlanganisiwe ovikela ezifweni ezintathu.
- D - I-Diphtheria
- I-T - I-Tetanus
- aP - Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo (i-acellular Pertussis)
Namuhla, imijovo ehlanganisiwe evikela ezinye izifo eziningana iyatholakala kanye nomjovo we-DTaP. Isibonelo, umjovo owodwa ungavikela ezifweni ezifana ne-polio, i-hepatitis B, kanye ne-Haemophilus influenzae uhlobo B (Hib). Uma kunikezwa imijovo eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukunikeza umjovo ohlanganisiwe kulula kokubili enganeni nakubazali.
Uhlelo lokugoma lwe-DTaP
Ngokusho koHlelo Lukazwelonke Lokugoma lwaseSri Lanka, lolu uhlelo lokunikeza ingane yakho lo muthi wokugoma.
| Umthamo | Iminyaka okufanele inikezwe |
|---|---|
| Umthamo wokuqala | Ezinyangeni ezimbili |
| Umthamo wesibili | Ezinyangeni ezi-4 |
| Umthamo wesithathu | Ezinyangeni ezi-6 |
| Umthamo wesine (i-booster yokuqala) | Uma unezinyanga ezingu-18 (uma uneminyaka engu-1 1/2) |
| Umthamo wesihlanu (i-booster yesibili) | Phakathi kweminyaka engu-4-6 ubudala (ngaphambi kokuya esikoleni) |
2. Umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap (wabantu abadala nezingane ezincane)
Lona umjovo wokuqinisa umzimba onikezwa intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Ngemva kokuqeda uchungechunge lomjovo we-DTaP, amasosha omzimba ayancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, lo mjovo wokuqinisa umzimba unikezwa ukuze kuqiniswe amasosha omzimba futhi.
- Ezinganeni ezincane: Umthamo we-Tdap booster kufanele unikezwe lapho uneminyaka engu-11-12.
- Kwabantu abadala: Ukuthola umthamo wokukhulisa i-Tdap njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 kungakusiza ukuthi uvikeleke kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo, i-tetanus, kanye nesimungumungwane. Uma ungumuntu omdala futhi ungakaze uthole umjovo we-Tdap ngaphambili, odokotela batusa ukuthi uthole umthamo owodwa.
Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abadala abanezingane ezincane ekhaya, abasebenzi bezempilo, kanye nabantu abanezimo ezifana ne-asthma ukuthola lo muthi wokugomela i-booster.
Kungani lo mjovo ubaluleke kakhulu komama abakhulelwe?
Leli iqiniso elibaluleke kakhulu abantu abaningi abangalazi. Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunikeza isivikelo esikhulu enganeni engakazalwa.
Cabanga ngalokhu: Umuthi wokuqala wokugomela i-DTaP unikezwa ingane inezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane ayinaso isivikelo ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zokuphila. Lesi yisikhathi lapho ingane isengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo.
Uma uthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wakho wenza ama-antibodies okulwa nokukhwehlela. Lawo ma-antibodies adluliselwa enganeni yakho nge-placenta. Ngakho-ke, ingane yakho izalwa inesivikelo esithile ekukhwehleleni okukhwehlelayo. Lokhu kufana nesipho esihle kakhulu enganeni yakho.
- Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu: Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuthola lo muthi wokugoma sisesigabeni sesithathu sokukhulelwa, phakathi kwamasonto angama-27 nama-36.
- Ukuphepha: Ukugonywa ngalesi sikhathi kunganciphisa ingozi yengane yokuthola ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo cishe ngo-78% ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala zokuphila.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngakunye: Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kufanele uthole lo muthi njalo uma ukhulelwa , ngoba inani lama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini liyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Yiziphi imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zomuthi wokugoma?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugomela, umuthi wokugomela ukukhwehlela ungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Lokhu ngokuvamile akukubi kakhulu futhi kuvame ukuphela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukusabela okubi kakhulu okungajwayelekile.
| Imiphumela emibi emincane (evame ukubonwa) | Izimpawu ezinzima ezidinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha (ezingavamile kakhulu) |
|---|---|
| Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba. Uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu , hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
|
Akuvamile kakhulu, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi ``I-Encephalopathy`` esithinta ubuchopho singavela phakathi nesonto lokuthola umuthi wokugoma. Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuxhuzula nokudideka. Kodwa khumbula, ingozi yokusabela okubi kangaka iphansi kakhulu . Ingozi yokuthola ukukhwehlela okukhulu ngenxa yokungawutholi umuthi wokugoma iphakeme kakhulu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isivikelo esinikezwa yilo muthi wokugoma asiyona impilo yonke. Ukungavikeleki komzimba kuyehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola imijovo yokuqinisa ngesikhathi esifanele.
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nike nabhekana nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba nomgomo esikhathini esidlule, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthola umuthi wokugoma.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Pertussis yisifo esithathelwanayo esingaba yingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu nephumelela kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukugonywa ngokwesimiso esinqunyiwe.
- Kubalulekile ukuthi izingane ezincane zithole uchungechunge lwemithi yokugomela i-DTaP, kanye nokuthi abantu abadala kanye nabantu abadala bathole imithi yokugomela i-Tdap booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
- Ngokuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Tdap phakathi nekota yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngakunye , omama abakhulelwe banganikeza umntwana isivikelo esidingekayo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila.
- Imiphumela emibi emincane ngemva kokugonywa ivamile. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu zokungezwani komzimba (ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuqunjelwa, ukuvuvukala kobuso), shesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
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