Ingabe ubulokhu uzwa ubuhlungu esihlakaleni isikhathi eside? Ingabe ubuhlungu bukhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukuhambisa isandla sakho, ukuphakamisa okuthile, noma ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke? Mhlawumbe awukwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi elula njengokukama izinwele zakho, ukuphakamisa inkomishi, noma ukubhala. Uma ubuhlungu bungakapheli naphezu kokuthatha imithi nokwelashwa okuhlukahlukene, udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile "ngokuhlinzwa kokufaka isihlakala esikhundleni saso." Ukuzwa leli gama kungaba yinto eyethusayo kancane. Kodwa namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke kalula nangokucacile.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu, ukufaka esikhundleni sejoyinti lesihlakala?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha amalunga esihlakala, noma ngokwezokwelapha , i-wrist arthroplasty , ukususwa ngokuhlinzwa kwelunga lakho lesihlakala elonakele, eligugile bese kufakwa elinye ilunga lokwenziwa.
Cabanga ngakho njengokususa ihinji yomnyango endala, ephukile bese uyifaka entsha. Sibiza leli lunga lokwenziwa ngokuthi i-prosthesis . Ngokuvamile lenziwe ngensimbi kanye nohlobo olukhethekile lwepulasitiki (i-polyethylene). Laklanywa ukuthi lisebenze kahle njengelunga lesihlakala eliphilile.
Isihlakala sethu asilona ithambo elilodwa nje kuphela. Siyilunga eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu elakhiwe ngamathambo amaningi amancane. Yilapho isandla sethu nengalo (ingxenye esukela endololwaneni kuya esandleni) kuhlangana khona. Uma uxhawula isandla sakho, ugeza izinwele zakho, uthayipha kukhompyutha, uthatha okuthile phansi, ilunga lesihlakala yilona eliyinhloko kuzo zonke lezi zinto. Ngakho-ke uma lelilunga lonakele kakhulu noma lixinekile, ngisho nale misebenzi yansuku zonke ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokufakwa esikhundleni kwamalunga kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamalunga?
Udokotela wakho kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile nangokuhlinzwa kokuhlanganisa izihlakala, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-arthrodesis . Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Kubalulekile ukuthi ucace ngalokhu.
Kalula nje, uma ilunga lihlanganisiwe, ukunyakaza kwelunga kulahleke ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma ilunga lishintshwa, ungalihambisa ngezinga elithile.
Ake siwuqonde kangcono lo mehluko kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici | Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwamalunga (i-Arthroplasty) | I-Arthrodesis/Ukuhlanganiswa |
|---|---|---|
| Ukunyakaza ngemva kokuhlinzwa | Isihlakala singagotshwa futhi selulwe, kusele ukunyakaza okuthile. | Isihlakala sinamathele unomphela endaweni eyodwa. Asikwazi ukushukunyiswa. |
| Ukuqeda ubuhlungu | Ubuhlungu buyakhululeka kahle kakhulu. | Ubuhlungu buyakhululeka kahle kakhulu. |
| Ukuphakamisa izinsimbi kanye nemisebenzi | Ukuphakamisa okunzima kufanele kulinganiselwe (ngokuvamile, ukuphakamisa okungaphezu kwama-2-4 kg akukhuthazwa). Ukusebenzisa isando, ukudlala ithenisi, njll. akukhuthazwa. | Akukho mingcele ekuphakamiseni izinsimbi noma emisebenzini enzima. Kuhlala impilo yonke. |
Kungani udinga ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akuyona into yokuqala yokukhetha ubuhlungu besandla. Odokotela batusa ukuthi kube yindlela yokugcina ngemuva kokuba zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile ukulawula ubuhlungu. Ngokuvamile, into yokuqala abayizamayo yile:
- Ukushintsha umsebenzi owenzayo (ukunika izandla zakho ikhefu).
- Iziqeda-buhlungu, isibonelo, imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala.
- Ukugqoka i-bant (isisekelo) sesihlakala.
- Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy.
- Ukujova ngama-steroid.
Uma kungekho kulezi zinto ezisebenzayo, kucatshangelwa ukuhlinzwa. Kunezimbangela eziningana eziyinhloko zobuhlungu esihlakaleni:
- Ukulimala: Into efana nethambo eliphukile esihlakaleni (ukuphuka kwethambo).
- Isifo samathambo:
- I-Osteoarthritis: Isimo esibangelwa ukuguguleka kwamalunga. Lokhu kuba yinto evamile njengoba umuntu ekhula.
- I-Rheumatoid Arthritis: Isifo esibangela ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emalungeni ngenxa yenkinga yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela.
- I-Osteonecrosis: Ukufa kwezicubu zamathambo ngenxa yokuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emathanjeni.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungaba yisisombululo esihle ezintweni ezifana nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, ukuqina kwamalunga, kanye nomsindo "wokuqhekeka" lapho uhambisa isandla sakho.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe nguchwepheshe wamathambo namalunga, ikakhulukazi umuntu onolwazi ngokuhlinzwa kwezandla. Ngaphambi kokuncoma ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho uzokwenza okulandelayo:
- Bazokubuza ngempilo yakho jikelele kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izifo.
- Buza ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani uzwa ubuhlungu esihlakaleni nokuthi buthinta kanjani impilo yakho.
- Isihlakala sakho sizohlolwa, kuhlolwe amandla aso kanye nobubanzi bokunyakaza kwaso.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwenziwa nakanjani ukuhlola isimo samathambo.
- Ezinye izivivinyo, njengokuhlolwa kwegazi, zingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ufanelekile yini ukuhlinzwa.
- Bazoqinisekisa ukuthi zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha sezizanyiwe nokuthi baxoxe nawe ngezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela. Kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwamahora amabili. Kulandelwa izinyathelo ezilandelayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa:
1. Uzonikezwa umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ojwayelekile ukuze ulale ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unganikwa umjovo ohlukile wokubulala izinzwa (ukuvimba kwengxenye engenhla) ukuze ingalo yakho isize ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
2. Kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane ngaphezu kwesihlakala.
3. Ilunga elonakele kanye nezingcezu ze-cartilage kanye namathambo agugile zisuswa ngokucophelela.
4. Ijoyinti lokwenziwa elenziwe ngaphambilini (i-prosthesis) lifakwa futhi liboshwe ethanjeni ngezipikili ezincane, izikulufo, noma uhlobo olukhethekile lwesimende (isimende samathambo).
5. Qiniseka ukuthi ijoyinti yokwenziwa isendaweni efanele futhi iboshwe kahle.
6. Hlola ukuthi ilunga lihamba kahle yini.
7. Izicubu ezizungezile, imizwa, kanye nemisipha kuyahlelwa kabusha.
8. Ekugcineni, inxeba livalwa ngezitishi bese limbozwa ngebhandeji elibulala amagciwane kanye ne-splint.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama? Ngingazinakekela kanjani ekhaya?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12 ukuphola ngokuphelele. Ngemva kokususwa kwesamente yokuqala, kuzodingeka ugqoke i-splint isikhashana.
Imfihlo engcono kakhulu yokululama ngokushesha ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela nokuzivocavoca kahle ngesikhathi sokululama.
Nakuba kungase kube buhlungu kancane uma uzivocavoca ekuqaleni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ubuhlungu buzoncipha futhi ukusebenza kwesandla sakho kuzothuthuka. Udokotela wakho angakudlulisela kudokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba.
Nakekela ngokukhethekile lezi zinto ekhaya:
- Umuntu ongamsiza: Kulula kakhulu ukuba nomuntu ozokusiza ngemisebenzi yansuku zonke ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Gwema ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungaphakamisi ngaphezu kwesisindo esinconywa udokotela wakho (ngokuvamile ama-2-3 kg), njengoba lokhu kungalimaza ijoyinti lokwenziwa. Uma ulandela lokhu ngendlela efanele, ungasebenzisa ijoyinti lakho lokwenziwa isikhathi eside.
- Zivikele ekuweni: Qaphela izindawo ekhaya lakho lapho ungase ushelele khona futhi uwe (indlu yokugezela, izitebhisi). Gwema imidlalo engase ikubangele ukuba uwe isikhashana.
- Umsebenzi okhathaza izandla zakho: Gwema umsebenzi okhathaza izandla zakho, njengokusebenzisa isando.
Ilunga lokwenziwa lihlala isikhathi esingakanani? Kufanele ngibone udokotela nini?
Uma inakekelwa kahle, leli lunga lokwenziwa livame ukuhlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 .
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uma unezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokutheleleka:
- Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda.
- Ubomvu noma ukuvuvukala okuzungeze isilonda.
- Ubomvu noma uketshezi olunuka kabi oluphuma esigaxeni.
- Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo noma obukhulayo.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba i-prosthesis iguga noma ezinye izinkinga zikhula, ungase ubhekane nalezi zimpawu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, tshela udokotela wakho:
- Ukuncipha kokusebenza noma amandla elunga.
- Ukuphindaphinda kobuhlungu, ukuqina, noma ukuvuvukala.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi ilunga alizinzile (njengokungathi "liyagxuma").
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha isihlakala kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yobuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga obubangelwa yizimo ezifana ne-arthritis, kodwa kunconywa kuphela uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile.
- Nakuba ukunyakaza okuthile kwesihlakala kubuyiselwa emuva ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa, ukuphakamisa okunzima kufanele kulinganiselwe. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-fusion kufaneleka kakhulu emisebenzini enzima.
- Ngesikhathi sokululama, ukulandela imiyalelo yezokwelapha kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba kubalulekile ukuze ululame ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokutheleleka ngemva kokuhlinzwa, njengomkhuhlane, ukuvuvukala kwesilonda, noma ubomvu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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