Sɛ wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo sɛ wo ba no wɔ ADHD a, ebia ade a edi hɔ a wobɛyɛ ne sɛ wubefi ase anom nnuru. Nanso ebia wubesusuw nea enti a wo duruyɛfo no mma wo nnuru dodow koro no ara kɛkɛ, na mmom ɔsesa no nkakrankakra, anaasɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɔsakra aduru no koraa. Ɛno ne adeyɛ a yɛrebɛka ho asɛm nnɛ. Eyi ho hia ankasa.
Dɛn ne titration? Wɔyɛ no dɛn?
Ebia ɛbɛyɛ te sɛ nea titration yɛ asɛmfua kɛse, nanso sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛyɛ adwuma de asakra nnuru dodow a wɔde ma wo ba no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛfata wɔn pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Eyi botae titiriw ne sɛ wobenya nnuru dodow a etumi di abofra no ADHD sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ adwene a ɛnteɛ a ɛma ɔyɛ ade tra so no so yiye, na enni nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛba fam koraa. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ abofra biara na ɔyɛ pɛ. Enti, aduru koro ne dodow koro no ara renyɛ adwuma mma obiara.
Oduruyɛfo no taa yɛ eyi:
1. Fa nnuru a ɛba fam koraa fi ase: Fa nnuru a ɛba fam koraa fi ase.
2. Kɔ soro nkakrankakra: Dapɛn biara anaa adapɛn abiɛsa biara, ɛsɛ sɛ woma nnuru no dodow kɔ soro kakra, sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no.
3. Hwɛ: Wɔ anammɔn yi mu biara mu no, wo ne oduruyɛfo no bɛhwɛ so yiye ahwɛ sɛ abofra no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne renya nkɔso anaasɛ ɔrenya ɔhaw biara .
Wɔtoa saa adeyɛ yi so kosi sɛ wobedi abofra no sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow so yiye, anaasɛ kosi sɛ abofra no benya ɔhaw ahorow a wontumi nnyina ano. Oduruyɛfo no yɛ nhyehyɛe yi bere a wasusuw nneɛma pii ho awie, te sɛ abofra no tenten, ne mu duru, sɛnea sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no te, ne ne da biara da dwumadi ahorow (sukuu bere, fie nnwuma bere).
Nea ɛho hia sen biara ne sɛ, eyi te sɛ kuw mmɔdenbɔ. Ɛsɛ sɛ oduruyɛfo no, wo ne wo ba, mo baasa nyinaa bom fa saa akwantu yi mu.
Eyi begye bere tenten ahe?
Eyi betumi agye adapɛn pii, ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo a asram pii. Enti mma wo ho nnyɛ wo hu. Sɛ aduru a edi kan a wode ma no anyɛ adwuma a, mma ɛnhaw wo. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ mmofra binom sɔ nnuru ahorow abien anaa abiɛsa hwɛ na ama wɔanya aduru ne dodow a ɛfata. Boasetɔ ho hia paa.
Yɛbɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ aduru no reyɛ adwuma anaa?
ADHD ho sɛnkyerɛnne atitiriw ne sɛ obi yɛ ade tra so, ɔyɛ no ntɛmntɛm, na ɔmfa n’adwene nsi biribi so. Sɛ wonom nnuru dodow a ɛfata a, ebia wubehu sɛ wo ba no yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne no atu mpɔn nkakrankakra.
- Sɛnea wontumi ntra baabi biako na wɔyɛ basaa te sɛ kan no so bɛtew.
- Misusuw sɛ adwuma a wobɛyɛ a wonsusuw ho no bɛtew adwuma no so.
- Bere a wɔde de wɔn adwene si adesua ne dwumadi ahorow so no kɔ soro.
- Akyerɛkyerɛfo a wɔwɔ sukuu mu nso ka sɛ wobetumi ahu nsonsonoe bi wɔ abofra no mu.
Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ wɔ nneɛma bɔne a efi mu ba ho?
Te sɛ nnuru biara no, ADHD nnuru betumi anya nkɛntɛnso bɔne. Eyinom gu ahorow gyina nnuru ko a wɔde ma wo ba no so. Nneɛma bɔne a ɛtaa ba a ebetumi aba wɔ nnuru a wɔtaa kyerɛw ma obi a ɛkanyan nipadua no ho ni.
| Nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛtaa ba |
|---|
| Akɔnnɔ |
| Mu duru a ɛso tew |
| Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛda |
| Yafunu mu yaw |
| Tipaeɛ |
| Nneɛma a wɔde twitwiw nneɛma |
| Suban mu nsakrae (awerɛhow, abufuw, fekubɔ a ɛso tew) . |
Nea eye sen biara ne sɛ saa nsunsuanso bɔne yi mu dodow no ara fi hɔ ankasa wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu. Enti wo duruyɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ twɛn nna kakraa bi bio.
Nanso, sɛ wohaw wo ho kɛse anaasɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ ɔhaw biara a ebefi mu aba ho, titiriw sɛ ɛte sɛ nea ɛreyɛ kɛse da biara da a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa ntɛm ara.Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ wo ba no nya nkankyee a ɛtaa yɛ (tics) te sɛ n’ani a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa n’anim a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wobɔ wo duruyɛfo amanneɛ. Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ w’ankasa wubegyae nnuru nom a wonkɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ wugyae mpofirim a, ebetumi de asiane aba.
Sɛ wunya nsunsuanso bɔne a ɛntaa nsi nanso anibere wom no bi (koma mu haw, mmerɛbo mu haw, nneɛma a wuhu/te a enni hɔ, adwene a ɛne sɛ wubekum wo ho) a, kɔ ayaresabea dan a ɛbɛn wo a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so (ETU) ntɛm ara na ka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo. Kae sɛ eyinom ho yɛ na koraa.
Dɛn ne wo dwumadi sɛ ɔwofo?
Wowɔ asɛdeɛ kɛseɛ wɔ saa titration nhyehyɛeɛ yi mu.
- Bisa nsɛm: Bisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm anaa nsɛm biara a ɛhaw wo wɔ aduru no anaa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no ho.
- Hwɛ yiye: Hwɛ nsakrae a ɛba wo ba no nneyɛe mu, sɛnea yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne renya nkɔso, ne ɔhaw foforo biara a ebefi mu aba no yiye.
- Kyerɛw nsɛm: Kyerɛw saa nneɛma yi to hɔ, te sɛ nea ɛwɔ da biara da nsɛm mu. Oduruyɛfo no nso betumi ama wo ne wo ba no akyerɛkyerɛfo nkrataa titiriw (rating scales) a momfa nhyehyɛ. Ɛho hia paa sɛ wobɛhyɛ eyinom ma yiye.
- Wo ne obi di nkitaho daa: Sɛ ɔhaw biara nni ɔsram a edi kan no akyi a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn bio. Ɛno akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn bɛyɛ asram 3 biara de hwɛ hu sɛ nnuru nhyehyɛe no da so ara reyɛ adwuma ama wo ba no. Bere a wo ba no nyin na n’ahiade sesa no, ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ dodow a wɔde ma no mu.
Nnuru ahorow atitiriw a wɔde sa ADHD
Wobetumi akyekyɛ nnuru a wɔde sa ADHD no mu akuw atitiriw pii. Wo duruyɛfo nkutoo na obetumi asi eyinom ho gyinae.
| Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma no fã | Nhwɛso ahorow |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a ɛkanyan adwene Ɔkwan a wɔtaa de di dwuma sen biara. Ɛma dopamine, amemene mu nnuru bi a ɛka adwene ne adwene no yɛ kɛse. | Methylphenidate (Concerta, Ritalin), Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin), Dextroamphetamine (Adderall) a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ nwonwa so. |
| Nneɛma a ɛnyɛ nea ɛkanyan obi Eyinom betumi agye adapɛn pii ansa na wɔayɛ adwuma. Wɔka amemene mu nnuru a wɔfrɛ no norepinephrine no. | Atomoxetine (Strattera), Clonidine (Kapvay), Guanfacine (Intuniv) . |
| Nnuru afoforo Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wɔde nnuru ahorow afoforo (nnuru a ekum adwenemhaw, mogya mmoroso nnuru) nso di dwuma de ma adwene a wɔde si biribi so no yɛ kɛse. | Bupropion (Wellbutrin), Venlafaxine (Effexor) a wɔde hyɛ nipadua mu no . |
Awiei koraa no, ADHD nnuru nyɛ "kɛse biako a ɛfata obiara" kwan. Ɛte sɛ ntade a wɔpam, na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpam obiara nipadua mmiako mmiako. Ɛdenam boasetɔ a wode bɛyɛ adwuma wɔ saa titration nhyehyɛe yi mu, ne abusuabɔ pa a wo ne wo duruyɛfo benya so no, wubetumi aboa wo ba no yiye ma wayɛ nea obetumi biara.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Titration yɛ adeyɛ a egye boasetɔ. Ebetumi agye adapɛn anaa asram pii ansa na woanya dodow a ɛfata ama wo ba.
- Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa daa. Ka wo nsɛmmisa ne wo suro nyinaa kyerɛ no.
- Hwɛ wo ba no so yiye. Kyerɛw nsunsuanso pa a aduru no de ba ne nea efi mu ba biara nso.
- Nnyae nnuru nom anaasɛ ɛnsesa dodow a wode ma no da a wunnya wo duruyɛfo afotu.
- Bere a wo ba no nyin no, n’ahiade sakra. Enti, anyɛ yiye koraa no, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn asram 3 biara na ama woayɛ wo nnuru nhyehyɛe no foforo.
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