So woate ahurututu a abubu ho asɛm? (Pneumothorax/Collapsed Lung) Momma yɛnka eyi ho asɛm!

So woate sɛ ahurututu bi abubu mpofirim pɛn? Ɛtɔ da a, ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ obi bɛhome na ama ne koko ayɛ no yaw. Eyi ne nea yɛfrɛ no “pneumothorax” anaa “ahurututu a abubu ” wɔ aduruyɛ mu. Nokwarem no, ɛnyɛ nea ɛntaa nsi sɛnea ebia wubesusuw no. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wohu eyi. Momma yɛnka ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri na yɛnka ho asɛm nnɛ ara kwa, ɛnte saa?

Dɛn ne ahurututu mu yare? Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a...

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, pneumothorax yɛ mframa a ɛboaboa ano wɔ w’ahurututu ne wo koko fasu ntam (a wɔfrɛ no “pleural space”) . Fa w’ahurututu no sɛ balloon. Pleural space yɛ baabi ketewaa a ɛda balloon no ne adaka a ɛkura balloon no ntam. Mpɛn pii no, mframa pii nni saa ahunmu yi mu. Nanso, sɛ ɔkwan bi so no mframa hyɛ saa ahurututu no mu ma a, mframa no pia ahurututu no. Ɛte sɛ nea worebɔ balloon mu mframa na woama mframa akɔ mu. Eyi betumi ama ahurututu no abubu koraa anaa ne fã bi. Nnipa binom nso frɛ eyi “ahurututu a wɔatutu.”

Nea ɛho hia ne sɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a ahurututu mu yare betumi ayɛ aduruyɛ mu asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ . Sɛ wote nka sɛ w’ahurututu rebubu a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo no dwumadibea a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi.

So ahurututu mu yare ahorow bi wɔ hɔ?

Yiw, ahurututu mu yare atitiriw abien na ɛwɔ hɔ: Spontaneous ne Traumatic . Ma yɛnhwɛ nea eyinom yɛ.

1. Pneumothorax a ɛba ara kwa

Eyi ba bere a ahurututu no hwe ase ara kwa a opira anaa asiane biara nni ho no. Eyi nso subtypes wɔ hɔ:

• Primary spontaneous pneumothorax: Wɔ eyi mu no, yare anaa tebea biara nni hɔ a ɛhyɛ ase a ɛma ahurututu no bubu. Ɛtɔ mmere bi a mframa kotoku nketewa a ɛnyɛ ne kwan so (blebs ) a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu betumi apae na mframa betumi akɔ ahurututu no mu. Eyi taa ba mmerante atenten a wɔyɛ teateaa mu.
• Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax: Eyi ba esiane ahurututu mu yare bi nti . Sɛ nhwɛso no, ahurututu mu nyarewa bi betumi ama ahurututu no afã horow asiw, na ayɛ kotoku a ɛte sɛ balloon (bullae) a ebetumi apae.

2. Pneumothorax a Ɛyɛ Awerɛhow

Sɛnea edin no kyerɛ no, eyi ba esiane opira anaa ayaresa bi nti.

• Apirakuru a wɔde maAhurututu mu yare a ɛfa opira ho: Saa tebea yi betumi aba esiane opira a obi apira wɔ ne koko mu, te sɛ mpampam a abubu wɔ kar akwanhyia mu, ahurututu a wɔato mu, anaasɛ sekan a wɔde apira no nti.
• Iatrogenic pneumothorax: Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, bere a wɔreyɛ aduruyɛ mu adeyɛ bi, te sɛ ahurututu no fã ketewaa bi a wɔfa de yɛ nhwehwɛmu ( ahurututu mu nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu ) anaasɛ wɔde afiri bi bɛhyɛ ntini kɛse bi mu wɔ kɔn no mu (ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no) no, ahurututu no betumi apira a wɔanhyɛ da.

Pneumothorax ahorow pɔtee afoforo wɔ hɔ:

• Tension pneumothorax: Eyi yɛ tebea a asiane wom yiye a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara . Nea ɛkɔ so wɔ ha ne sɛ mframa kɔ ahurututu no mu, nanso ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a wobetumi afa so afi mu. Ɛte sɛ valve a ɛkɔ ɔkwan biako so. Afei nhyɛso a ɛwɔ koko no mu no kɔ soro kɛse , ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛma ahurututu no bubu kɔ akyiri nko, na mmom ɛde nhyɛso ba koma no ne mogya ntini akɛse nso so . Eyi betumi de nkwa ato asiane mu.
• Catamenial pneumothorax: Eyi yɛ tebea a ɛntaa nsi koraa. Ebetumi aba mmea a wɔwɔ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no endometriosis (awotwaa mu ntini a enyin wɔ awotwaa no akyi) so. Saa ntini yi tumi nyin wɔ ahurututu no mu, mogya tu bere a obi rekɔ brayɛ mu, na amia ahurututu no.

Ahurututu a abubu yɛ aniberesɛm dɛn?

Sɛnea eyi mu yɛ den no gyina nea ɛde ba ne sɛnea ahurututu no ahwe ase no so. Nsɛm nketenkete bi nyɛ aniberesɛm na ebia wɔn ankasa besiesie. Nanso ebinom, titiriw tension pneumothorax , yɛ tebea horow a emu yɛ den a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara. Oduruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ wo sɛnea w’ahurututu abubu ne ayaresa a ehia pɛpɛɛpɛ.

Dɛn ne ahurututu mu yare ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Sɛ ahurututu bi bubu a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ:

• Ɛyaw a ɛba koko no fã biako , titiriw bere a ɔrehome no.
• Ɛwa.
• Ahome a wɔhome ntɛmntɛm .
• Koma a ɛbɔ kɔ soro.
• Ɔbrɛ, ɔbrɛ.
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den (“dyspnea”).
• Honam ani, anofafa, anaa nsateaa nnadewa a ɛsakra kɔla bruu ( “cyanosis” ) – Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nipadua no nnya oxygen a ɛdɔɔso.

Sɛ wowɔ saa nsɛnkyerɛnne yi a, kɔ ayaresabea a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara.Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔsa yare ntɛm ara .

Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde ahurututu mu yare ba?

Nneɛma atitiriw abiɛsa na ɛde ba: ayaresa tebea horow bi, opira, ne asetra mu nneɛma bi.

Ayaresa mu tebea horow:

• Akisikuru
• Ahurututu mu yare
• COPD (Ahurututu mu yare a enni sabea) .
• Collagen ntini mu yare
• Cystic fibrosis a ɛma mogya tu
• Emphysema a ɛma obi ho yɛ hyew
• Idiopathic ahurututu mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw
• Ahurututu mu kokoram
• Ntini mu ntini a ɛma mogya tu
• Nsanyare a ɛma obi nya nsamanwaw
• Ɔhome mu haw a emu yɛ den (ARDS ) .

Apirakuru:

• Blunt force trauma a ɛba koko no so.
• Tuo a wɔtotow.
• Apirakuru a akode a ano yɛ nnam de ba, te sɛ sekan a wɔapirapira.
• Sɛ nhwɛso no, aduruyɛ mu ayaresa, ntini a esiw, ahurututu mu nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu, ntini a ɛwɔ mfinimfini a wɔde si hɔ , anaa mfiri a wɔde ma mframa .

Asetra kwan so nneɛma:

• Nnubɔne a wɔde di dwuma, titiriw nnuru a wɔde home.
• Sigaretnom.
• Mframa nhyɛso mu nsakrae akɛse a ɛba bere a wimhyɛn retu kwan.
• Scuba anaa po a emu dɔ mu a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu.

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane kɛse mu ma tebea yi?

Ebia ɛbɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wubenya ahurututu mu yare sɛ:

• Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ w’abusua mu anya pneumothorax pɛn a (abusua abakɔsɛm).
• Bere a wɔyem no.
• Sɛ wowɔ nipadua tenten a ɛyɛ teateaa a, titiriw sɛ woyɛ ɔbarima a.
• Sɛ wowɔ ntini a ɛka bom yɛ nyarewa te sɛ Marfan syndrome a .
• Sɛ wowɔ endometriosis a .

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi ahurututu a abubu mu aba?

Ɛwom sɛ ahurututu mu akisikuru dodow no ara gyae a ɔhaw biara nni ho de, nanso nnipa binom betumi anya ɔhaw ahorow a emu yɛ den. Eyinom bi ne:

• Ahurututu mu akisikuru a wɔsan trɛw .
• Ahurututu a ɛsɛe anaasɛ ɔyare mmoawa a ɛba bere a wɔreyɛ ayaresa no.
• Ɔhome a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye .
• Koma a entumi nyɛ adwuma yiye ( .Koma mu yare).

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya ahurututu mu yare?

Nnuruyɛfo taa hu eyi denam w’ahurututu a wotie na wɔde mfonini mu nhwehwɛmu te sɛ moma so X-ray , CT scan ( kɔmputa so tomography scan ), anaa ahurututu mu ultrasound . Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, wobetumi ayɛ “ntini mu mogya mu mframa” nhwehwɛmu nso de ahwɛ sɛnea oxygen ne carbon dioxide dodow a ɛwɔ wo mogya mu no te.

Wo duruyɛfo bebisa w’ahurututu mu tebea ho asɛm na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Wobetumi agyina sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow nkutoo so ahu ahorow bi te sɛ tension pneumothorax.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa ahurututu mu yare?

Ayaresa a wo nsa bɛka no begyina nea ɛde ahurututu mu yare no ba, ne kɛse, ne sɛnea emu yɛ den so. Ebia ayaresa ahorow yi bi ne:

• Hwɛ: Sɛ wo ahurututu mu yare no sua a, wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo, ahwehwɛ koma anaa ɔhome mu haw biara, na ɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ san bra bɛhwɛ wo.
• Oxygen a wɔde sa yare.
• Thoracentesis: Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde bere tiaa mu ade bi bɛhyɛ mpampam a ɛwɔ ahurututu no nkyɛn no ntam de ayi mframa a aboaboa ano wɔ koko no mu no afi hɔ.
• Chest tube drainage: Sɛ wowɔ pneumothorax kɛse a, wo duruyɛfo de tube ( chest tube ) bɛhyɛ wo koko mu na ama mframa a ɛwɔ ahurututu no mu no so atew. Bere a mframa no mu nhyɛso so tew no, ahurututu no tumi san mframa na ɛsa. Wobetumi agyaw saa afiri yi wɔ nea ɛwɔ hɔ nna pii anaa nea ɛboro saa.
• Nnuru a ɛma ahurututu no mu yɛ den: Nea ɛbɛyɛ na oduruyɛfo betumi ayɛ aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no pleurodesis . Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no twa koko ketewaa bi na ɔde afiri bi hyɛ mu. Afei, wɔde nnuru bi (te sɛ doxycycline anaa talcum powder) , di dwuma de bata ahurututu no ho wɔ koko no mu. Eyi ma baabi a ɛka ho no fi hɔ.

Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ nnipa binom oprehyɛn na ama wɔasiesie wɔn ahurututu a asɛe no na wɔasa. Ebia ɛho behia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn wɔ nsɛm a edidi so yi mu:

• Sɛ mframa kɔ so tu fi koko mu afiri no mu a.
• Sɛ ahurututu no ansɛe bere a wɔde ahurututu no mu ntini no ahyɛ mu mpo a.
• Sɛ ahurututu no twetwe mpɛn pii a.
• Sɛ pneumothorax wɔ ahurututu abien no nyinaa mu a.
• Sɛ ahurututu no apira kɛse a.

So wobetumi asiw ahurututu mu yare ano?

Wubetumi ayɛ saa nneɛma yi na ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ahurututu a abubu no so atew:

• Mma nnom sigaret. Eyi ne ade a ɛho hia sen biara.
• Kwati anaa to dwumadi ahorow a ɛfa nsakrae kɛse a ɛba mframa nhyɛso mu (te sɛ po a emu dɔ mu a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu, wimhyɛn akwantu) ano hye. Sɛ woyɛ saa nneɛma yi a, di wo duruyɛfo afotu akyi.
• Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu nyarewa a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn daa ma ɔnhwɛ wo.

Nanso, sɛ wowɔ ayaresa tebea horow bi anaasɛ w’abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu yare a, ebia ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wubesiw eyi ano.

Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu yare a, dɛn na wobɛhwɛ kwan?

Sɛ w’ahurututu a abubu a, ebia ebehia sɛ wotra ayaresabea hɔ nna kakraa bi anaa nea ɛboro saa na wɔasa wo yare na woahwɛ wo. Afei wo duruyɛfo betumi ahwɛ wo tebea no na sɛ ɛho hia a, wama wo mframa pa.

Bere tenten ahe na egye ansa na ahurututu no ayɛ yiye?

Mpɛn pii no, ahurututu no tumi sa wɔ nna kakraa bi kosi adapɛn abien ntam. Wo nipadua no bɛsan agye mframa a ɛboro so a aboaboa ano atwa ahurututu no ho ahyia no, na ama atumi asan ahuru bio.

So ahurututu betumi asa koraa?

Nnipa dodow no ara ho tɔ wɔn fi saa tebea yi mu a wonnya ayaresa kɛse biara. Nanso, hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛsan aba bio. Enti, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛsan aba bio ne nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne no san ba a.

So pneumothorax de nkwa to asiane mu?

Nsɛm bi a ɛma obi nya ahurututu mu yare no betumi de ne nkwa ato asiane mu. Enti, mfa ahurututu a abubu no nyɛ hwee da. Hwehwɛ ayaresa bere nyinaa.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ wufi ayaresabea ba fie wie a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wohwɛ wo ho sɛnea wo duruyɛfo ka kyerɛ wo no. Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gye w’ahome, to dwumadi ahorow bi ano hye anaa gyae. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Sigaretnom.
• Wimhyɛn a wɔde tu kwan.
• Po a emu dɔ mu a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu.

Sɛ wosan kɔ fie a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn da biara a woahyɛ da ayɛ ho nhyehyɛe.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ me duruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne san ba anaasɛ ɛyɛ kɛse a, kɔ wo duruyɛfo nkyɛn. Sɛ woanya ahurututu mu yare pɛn a, wowɔ asiane mu sɛ wubenya foforo.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm (ETU)?

Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu a abubu ho sɛnkyerɛnne (te sɛ wo koko mu yaw, ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome) a, kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara. Ebia wubehia ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Ebia ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so sɛ wubebisa wo duruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Dɛn na ɛrema m’ahurututu reyɛ ketewaa?
• So biribi wɔ hɔ a metumi ayɛ na amma ahurututu bi antwitwa bio?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde me koko mu afiri hyehyɛ mu a, ɛbɛtra mu bere tenten ahe?
• So mehia oxygen a wɔde ka ho?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ metra ayaresabea?
• Ɔhwɛ bɛn na mehia wɔ ayaresa akyi?
• Ɔhwɛ bɛn na mehia bere a mafi ayaresabea anaa ayaresabea hɔ awie no?
• Dɛn na ɛnsɛ sɛ meyɛ bere a wɔasa me yare awie no?

Awiei koraa no, kae (Take-Home Message) .

Mpɛn pii no, wobetumi asa ahurututu mu yare a wɔmfa ayaresa kakraa bi na ɛyɛ. Mmom,Ɛsɛ sɛ wobu ahurututu biara a ɛbɛhwe ase sɛ aduruyɛ mu tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ kosi sɛ wubehu ho nsɛm pii. Sɛ wowɔ ahurututu mu akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ wo koko mu yaw anaasɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a, kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara. Wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛ ayaresa a eye sen biara ama wo. Mma wo ho nnpopo, nanso nkyɛ nso. Ade a ehia paa ne sɛ wobɛyɛ ade ntɛm.