Biribiara a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu fa Lassa Fever ho! Kɔ so kenkan a wunsuro!

Ɛbɛyɛ sɛ woate nyarewa ne ɔyaredɔm a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛretrɛw wɔ amannɔne aman mu ho asɛm. Ebinom ma wote ehu nka kakra, ɛnte saa? Wiɛ, saa "Lassa Fever" yi yɛ atiridii a ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba a wɔbɔ ho amanneɛ, titiriw wɔ Afrika Atɔe fam aman mu. Nea eye ma yɛn ne sɛ, wɔmmɔ amanneɛ biara sɛ ɔyare a ɛte saa a ɛpae gui wɔ yɛn mu wɔ Sri Lanka. Nanso nanso, ɛho hia paa sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ wɔ nneɛma a ɛtete saa ho. Hena na onim, ebia sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no kɔ mmeae a ɛtete saa a, saa nimdeɛ yi so bɛba mfaso. Enti, so yɛbɛka Lassa Atiridii yi ho asɛm kakra?

Dɛn ne Lassa Fever?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, Lassa atiridii yɛ yare a ɔyare mmoawa de ba. Wɔtaa hu no wɔ Afrika Atɔe fam aman mu. Lassa atiridii yɛ mmoawa kuw bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn ``Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF)`` ho. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ obi nya ɔyare mmoawa a ɛte sɛɛ a, ebetumi aba sɛ mogya betumi atu nipadua no a wontumi nni so.

Nanso, ɛnyɛ obiara a obenya Lassa atiridii no na mogya atɔ no denneennen. Nnipa dodow no ara (bɛyɛ 100 biara mu 80) benya sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den te sɛ atiridiinini, tiyɛ, ne nipadua mu yaw nkutoo. Nanso, wɔ nnipa bɛyɛ 20% fam no, ebetumi ayɛ den. Ebetumi ama asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ nyinsɛn betu ne nsɛnnennen afoforo a anibere wom no ayɛ kɛse, titiriw wɔ mmea a wɔyem fam.

Yare no nam mpɔtorɔ a wɔanya bi no nsu (`poop and pee`) so titiriw. Ebetumi nso afa obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no nipadua mu nsu a ɛbɛka no so.

Lassa atiridii abu so dɛn?

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, wohu eyi wɔ Afrika Atɔe fam. Sɛnea akontaabu kyerɛ no, nnipa bɛyɛ mpem ɔha (100,000) kosi mpem ahasa (300,000) na wonya Lassa atiridii afe biara. Wɔnnyaa amanneɛbɔ biara sɛ yare yi atrɛw afi aman te sɛ Amerika anaa wiase mmeae afoforo. Enti, ɛho nhia sɛ nnipa a wɔwɔ yɛn man yi mu suro eyi kɛse, nanso ɛho hia sɛ yɛma yɛn ani da hɔ.

Dɛn ne Lassa atiridii ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Nnipa a wonya Lassa atiridii no mu bɛyɛ 80% nya sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den, a emu nyɛ den, a nea ɛka ho ne:

• Huraeɛ
• Ɔbrɛ
• Ɛwa
• Menemkuro
• Tipaeɛ

Nanso, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, nnipa bɛyɛ 20% betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den. Eyinom yɛ aniberesɛm kakra:

• Koko, kɔn, anaa yafunu mu yaw
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Ɔfe anaa akisikuru a emu yɛ den
• Mogya a efi ano, hwene, aniwa, anaa ntini afoforo mu
• Akisikuru ( fit -te sɛ) .
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, adwene mu basabasayɛ

Dɛn na ɛde Lassa atiridiinini ba?

Nea ɛde yare yi ba ne Lassa mmoawa (LASV) . Saa mmoawa yi titiriw na ɔkraman soronko bi a wɔfrɛ no `Mastomys` (nnipa binom nso frɛ no `multimammate rats`) a ɔte Afrika Atɔe fam aman mu.Saa Lassa mmoawa yi betumi asɛe wo mogya ntini. Ebetumi nso atew tumi a wo mogya tumi tu no so. Ɛno nti na wufi ase tu mogya a wuntumi nni so no.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔde Lassa atiridii no kɔ nnipa mu?

Akwan titiriw pii wɔ hɔ a wubetumi afa so anya Lassa atiridiinini:

1. Ɛdenam mpɔtorɔ a wɔanya ɔyare no nsu anaa wɔn nsu a ɛbɛkɔ so no so. Eyi betumi agu aduan, nsu, anaa nneɛma a yɛde yɛn nsa ka no ho fĩ.

2. Ɛdenam obi a ɔwɔ LASV mmoawa no nipadua mu nsu a ɛbɛka no so. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne nna mu nkitahodi, ne wɔn nsu, wɔn nsu, anaa mogya a wɔde bɛka wɔn ho.

Fa no sɛ, sɛ ɔyare mmoawa yi nya obi anaa aboa bi a, ebetumi atra wɔn nsu mu akyɛ.

Bio nso, saa yareɛ yi nso tumi trɛw fi akwahosan ho adwumayɛbea te sɛ ayaresabea sɛ wɔanni ahotew ho nhyehyɛe ahorow akyi yiye, anaasɛ wɔamfa Ankorankoro Ahobammɔ Mfiri (PPE) nni dwuma (anaasɛ enni hɔ).

Hena na ɔwɔ asiane mu sɛ obenya Lassa atiridii?

Sɛ wote Afrika Atɔe fam mmeae a yare no abu so anaa wotu kwan kɔ hɔ a, asiane wom sɛ wubenya Lassa atiridiinini. Aman yi bi ne:

• Nigeria
• Benin
• Guinea
• Liberia na ɛwɔ hɔ
• Mali
• Sierra Leone na ɛwɔ hɔ

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi Lassa atiridii mu aba?

Wɔ Lassa atiridii a emu nyɛ den mpo mu no, nnipa bɛyɛ 3 biara mu 1 betumi anya aso a ɛyɛ den fã bi anaa koraa . Eyi betumi ayɛ bere tiaa mu de anaasɛ ɛbɛtra hɔ daa.

Nnipa a wɔwɔ Lassa atiridii a emu yɛ den betumi anya nsɛnnennen a ɛde wɔn nkwa to asiane mu, a nea ɛka ho ne:

• Nyinsɛn a wɔhwere/Nyinsɛn a wotu gu : Sɛ ɛna a onyinsɛn nya Lassa mmoawa a, nyinsɛn bɛboro 75% ba awiei wɔ nyinsɛn a wotu mu.
• Ntini a atwa koma no ho ahyia a ɛyɛ hyew (pericarditis) .
• Pleural effusion a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu
• Nyarewa ne akwaa te sɛ mmerɛbo mu ɔfe (Hepatitis) .
• Mogya mu mogya mu nkwammoaa a ɛba fam (Thrombocytopenia): Eyi betumi ama mogya atu a wontumi nni so.
• Asaabo a entumi nyɛ adwuma mpofirim (Acute Kidney Injury) .
• Amemene no dwumadi ho haw (Encephalopathy) .
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Eyi betumi ama nipadua no nnya mframa pa a ɛdɔɔso.
• Mogya a ɛtwetwe a emu yɛ den `(Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/DIC)`
• Sepsis: Sɛnea nipadua no yɛ n’ade denneennen wɔ ɔyare mmoawa bi ho.

Ɛsɛ sɛ ɛnanom a wɔyem hwɛ yiye titiriw wɔ eyi ho, efisɛ sɛ wonya Lassa atiridii a, hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ akokoaa a ɔwɔ awotwaa no mu no benya nkwa no sua koraa.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wohu sɛ obi anya Lassa atiridii?

Oduruyɛfo bi hu Lassa atiridii denam wo nipadua mu nsu a ɔhwehwɛ mu hwɛ sɛ ebia mmoawa no ho sɛnkyerɛnne bi wɔ hɔ anaa. Sɛ wɔbɛfa saa nhwɛsoɔ yi na wɔayɛ sɔhwɛ ahodoɔ a, ebia wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma te sɛ:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu
• Menewam aduru a wɔde hyɛ obi mu
• Nsu mu nhwehwɛmu
• Ɛtɔ da bi a, wɔyɛ sɔhwɛ denam nsu kakraa bi a wogye fi akyi berɛmo no mu (Lumbar Puncture / Spinal Tap) .

Ebetumi ayɛ den sɛ wobehu Lassa atiridii efisɛ ne sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ nyarewa afoforo te sɛ asramma, dengue, ne Ebola de. Enti, sɛ woatu kwan akɔ beae bi a Lassa atiridii abu so, anaasɛ wususuw sɛ ebia woanya mmoawa no a, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka kyerɛ wo duruyɛfo.

Dɛn ne ayaresa ahorow a wɔde sa Lassa atiridii?

Akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo a nnuruyɛfo ne ayarehwɛfo ka ho taa de aduru bi a ekum ɔyare mmoawa a wɔfrɛ no `(Ribavirin) .` Bio nso, wo duruyɛfo betumi akyerɛw wo ayaresa afoforo nso, a egyina wo tebea so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Dialysis ayaresa sɛ asaabo no asɛe a
• Oxygen a wɔde ka ho sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome a
• Nkyene (IV nsu), nnuru, anaa nnuru a wɔde ka ho a wɔde bɛma de asiesie electrolyte a ɛnkari pɛ wɔ nipadua no mu

Lassa mmoawa ne nyinsɛn

Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛsɛ sɛ mmea a wɔyem yɛ aso titiriw. Mpɛn pii no, ɛyɛ den ma akokoaa a ɔwɔ awotwaa mu no sɛ obenya nkwa wɔ Lassa atiridii yare no mu. Wo duruyɛfo bɛhwɛ wo bere nyinaa sɛ ebia nyinsɛn no atu ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ anaa. Sɛ nyinsɛn gu a, ɛsɛ sɛ woyi awotwaa no ntini no ntɛm ara sɛnea wobetumi. Eyi bɛma hokwan a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛna no tebea bɛyɛ yiye no ayɛ kɛse.

Ɛdenam baabi a nyinsɛn no kɔ akyiri ne ɛna no ne akokoaa no akwahosan so no, nnuruyɛfo betumi akamfo akyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔwo akokoaa no ntɛm. Eyi betumi ama hokwan a ɛna no ne akokoaa no nyinaa anya nkwa no ayɛ kɛse.

Sɛ minya Lassa atiridii a, dɛn na ɛba?

Sɛ wowɔ Lassa atiridii a, ɛho behia sɛ w’akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo ne afoforo a wɔhwɛ wo no yɛ ahwɛyiye titiriw. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne ntade a ɛbɔ wo ho ban (te sɛ akatawia, nsateaa, ahwehwɛ, ne kyɛw) ne wo ho a wobɛtew afi afoforo ho .

Sɛ woanyinsɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase de nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa sa yare no ntɛm ara. Akwahosan ho adwumayɛfo bɛhwɛ wo yiye. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nea wobɛhwɛ kwan ne ayaresa a eye ma w’akwahosan ne wo nyinsɛn no ho.

Bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na ne ho atɔ no?

Lassa atiridii dodow no ara nyɛ nea emu yɛ den. Sɛ obi ho tɔ no a, ebetumi agye dapɛn biako anaa nea ɛte saa. Wɔn a wɔn aso yɛ den no mu bɛyɛ fã san te asɛm bio wɔ adapɛn kakraa bi mu.

Bere bɛn na metumi asan akɔ adwuma/sukuu?

Sɛ wowɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den mpo a, ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati sɛ wo ne afoforo bedi nkitaho wɔ bere a wubetumi atrɛw yare no mu akɔ afoforo mu no. Bisa oduruyɛfo bere a asiane biara nni ho sɛ wobɛka afoforo ho bio.

Nkwa dodow ahe na wonya wɔ Lassa atiridiinini mu?

Esiane sɛ nnipa dodow no ara nnya Lassa atiridii kɛse saa nti, nkwa a wonya no ye. Nanso, nnipa dodow a wowuwu no gyina sɛnea woyare denneennen ne nneɛma afoforo pii so.

• Nnipa dodow a wowuwu wɔ nsɛm no nyinaa mu (nea ɛyɛ daa ne nea emu yɛ den) bɛyɛ 1%. (Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ nnipa 100 biara a wobenya Lassa atiridiinini no mu bɛyɛ biako bewu).
• Nnipa dodow a wowuwu wɔ wɔn a wɔn mu yɛ den araa ma ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn kɔ ayaresabea no bɛyɛ 15%. Eyi betumi akɔ soro kɛse bere a ɔyare mmoawa no agu no.
• Mmea a wɔyem a wowuwu no bɛyɛ 33% (ɛno yɛ baasa biara mu biako).

So wobetumi asiw Lassa atiridii ano?

Yiw, wubetumi. Wubetumi atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya Lassa atiridii no so denam baabi a wobɛma mpɔtorɔ nni hɔ ne ahwɛyiye a wobɛyɛ bere a worehwɛ obi a ɔyare no so. Nneɛma bi a wubetumi ayɛ ni:

• Kwati sɛ wo ne mpɔtorɔ bɛbɔ, titiriw wɔ mmeae a Lassa atiridii abu so no.
• Ma wo tenabea ho ntew na ɛho tew. Ma aduan ne anonne nkata so. Eyi bɛma mmoa te sɛ mpɔtorɔ a wɔba mu no so atew.
• Sɛ worehwɛ obi a ɔwɔ Lassa atiridii anaa obi a wususuw sɛ ebia ɔwɔ yare no a , hyɛ nkataso a ɛbɔ wo ho ban. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne akatawia, nsateaa, atade, ahwehwɛ a ɛnyɛ sum, ne mpaboa. Bisa oduruyɛfo (anaa w’ahyehyɛde sɛ wowɔ akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe mu a) ahwɛyiye a ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ.
• Sɛ woanya Lassa virus a, ɛsɛ sɛ wotwe wo ho fi afoforo ho na amma antrɛw ankɔ afoforo so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wote Afrika Atɔe fam man bi mu, anaasɛ woatu kwan akɔ bi mu nnansa yi, na wowɔ Lassa atiridii ho sɛnkyerɛnne a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara. Sɛ woanyinsɛn, anaa wususuw sɛ ebia woanyinsɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ oduruyɛfo sa wo yare na ɔhwɛ wo yiye.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ Emergency Department (ETU) ?

Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a emu yɛ den yi a, kɔ baabi a ɛbɛn wo ntɛm ara. Afei nso, ka kyerɛ wɔn sɛ ebia wowɔ Lassa atiridiinini:

• Koko, kɔn, anaa yafunu mu yaw
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den
• Ɔfe anaa akisikuru a emu yɛ den
• Akisikuru te sɛ akisikuru.
• Adwene a ɛyɛ basaa, adwene mu basabasayɛ

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa me duruyɛfo?

Ebia wubehu sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nea mfaso wɔ so sɛ wubebisa oduruyɛfo nsɛm te sɛ eyinom:

• Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi asiw mmoawa no ntrɛwmu ano?
• Ayaresa ahorow bɛn na mewɔ?
• Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?
• Bere tenten ahe na ebegye ansa na ne ho atɔ no?
• Nsɛnkyerɛnne foforo anaa nea ɛreyɛ kɛse bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ yiye?

Lassa fever yɛ yareɛ a ɛtumi ka nnipa a wɔte Afrika Atɔeɛ aman mu anaa wɔtu kwan kɔ hɔ. Mpɛn pii no, ɛnyɛ aniberesɛm. Nanso, ebetumi de nsɛnnennen a emu yɛ den aba, titiriw wɔ mmea a wɔyem fam. Wubetumi atew asiane a wowɔ no so denam mmeae a mpɔtorɔ wɔ a wobɛkwati ne nnwinnade a wode bɔ wo ho ban (PPE) a wobɛhyɛ bere a worehwɛ obi a ɔwɔ Lassa atiridii no so. Sɛ woretu kwan akɔ ɔman bi a Lassa atiridii abu so a, ɛyɛ papa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo anaa ɔmanfo akwahosan ho ɔpanyin bɛkasa afa wo haw ahorow ho ansa na woakɔ.

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Okay, enti seesei wowɔ adwene pa wɔ Lassa Fever a yɛkaa ho asɛm no ho. Asɛm biara nni hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhaw yɛn ho, efisɛ eyi nyɛ yare a ɛtrɛw wɔ yɛn man yi mu. Nanso, eye bere nyinaa sɛ wobɛma w’ani ada hɔ.

• Lassa atiridii yɛ atiridii a ɔyare mmoawa de ba a abu so wɔ Afrika Atɔe fam.
• Ɛnam mpɔtorɔ a wɔanya ɔyare no nsu mu titiriw. Ebetumi nso afa obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no nipadua mu nsu mu.
• Nnipa dodow no ara nya sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow te sɛ atiridiinini a emu nyɛ den ne nipadua mu yaw, nanso kakraa bi betumi ayɛ kɛse.
• Mmea a wɔyem wɔ asiane kɛse mu. Nyinsɛn a wɔtow gu betumi aba.
• Ayaresa titiriw ne aduru bi a wɔfrɛ no `Ribavirin`.
• Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wobetumi afa so asiw ano ne sɛ wobedi mpɔtorɔ so na wɔakura ahotew mu. Fa mfiri a ɛbɔ wo ho ban (PPE) di dwuma bere a wo ne obi a ɔwɔ ɔyare no ho hyia no.
• Sɛ woatu kwan akɔ Afrika Atɔe fam na wowɔ yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ atiridii a, ka kyerɛ oduruyɛfo ntɛm ara.

Enti, yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi ho baa mfaso maa wo. Kɔ so nya apɔwmuden!

` Lassa atiridii, Lassa Atiridii, ɔyare mmoawa atiridii, mogyatɔw atiridii, nyarewa a ɛnam mpɔtorɔ so, Afrika atiridii, sɛnkyerɛnne