Hena ne ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo? So woahyia biako pɛn?

So woate ‘ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔyaresafo’ ho asɛm pɛn? Ebia oduruyɛfo bi atu wo anaa obi a wunim no fo saa, ɛnte saa? Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra bere a wote saa no. "Oh, me dwene sɛ ebia ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ oprehyɛn seesei anaa." Nanso hena ankasa ne ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo? So oprehyɛn nkutoo na ɔyɛ? Yɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ yeinom nyinaa mu wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yiye so nnɛ, wɔ ɔkwan a wubetumi ate ase so.

Hena ne ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo yi? (Ntini mu Oprehyɛn ho Ɔbenfo) .

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo yɛ oduruyɛfo a wanya ntetee titiriw . Ɔhwehwɛ nyarewa a ɛka yɛn ntini nhyehyɛe na ɔsa – amemene, akyi berɛmo (ntini titiriw a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu), ne ntini afoforo nyinaa . Nnipa pii susuw sɛ oprehyɛn nkutoo na ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo yɛ. Nanso ɛnte saa. Wɔyɛ ayaresa a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn nso, te sɛ nnuru, steroid a wɔde twitwiw nipadua mu, ne nipadua mu ayaresa . Nokwarem no, wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛsa yare no a wɔnyɛ wɔn oprehyɛn bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye. Bere a wɔasɔ ayaresa afoforo nyinaa ahwɛ na entumi nyɛ adwuma nkutoo na wɔkamfo kyerɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ oprehyɛn.

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo nso sa nyarewa a ɛwɔ yɛn ntini ahorow no afã horow a ɛboa no no. Ɛyɛ:

• Nkɛntɛnso a enya wɔ wo ti nhwi so .
• Nyarewa a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu .
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛwɔ akyi berɛmo mu (nnipa pii ka sɛ ‘slipped disc’, ɛno ne nea ɛte).
• Ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa mogya ntini ho .
• Ntini a ɛbɔ yɛn ho ban ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛkata nneɛma te sɛ yɛn amemene ne yɛn akyi berɛmo so no sɛe.

Nnuruyɛfo afoforo mpo kɔ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo nkyɛn bere a wohia nimdeɛ a emu dɔ wɔ ntini ahorow ho no, efisɛ saa na wɔn ntetee no trɛw.

Nsonsonoe bɛn na ɛda Ntini Ho Oduruyɛfo ne Ntini mu Oprehyɛn Ho Oduruyɛfo ntam?

Eyi nso yɛ biribi a nnipa pii adwene tu fra wɔ ho. Ma yɛnhwɛ nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛda abien yi ntam.

Ntini ho ɔbenfo yɛ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwehwɛ nyarewa a ɛka yɛn ntini ahorow (amemene, akyi berɛmo, ntini), sa, na ɔhwɛ so. Nanso, ntini ho ɔbenfo nyɛ oprehyɛn.

Ɔkwan foforo so no, ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo hu ntini mu nyarewa na ɔnam oprehyɛn ne ayaresa a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn so sa .

Fa no sɛ, sɛ wowɔ yare anaa akwanhyia bi a ɛfa ntini ahorow ho a, ebia wubedi kan akɔ ntini ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn. Ɔbɛhwehwɛ wo mu na wahu yare no. Afei, sɛ osusuw sɛ wo tebea no hwehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn anaasɛ ebenya so mfaso a, ɔde wo bɛkɔ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn akɔma no afotu foforo na sɛ ɛho hia a, wayɛ wo oprehyɛn. Ate aseɛ?

Dɛn na oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn yɛ?

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo hwehwɛ tebea horow a ɛka yɛn nipadua no ntini nhyehyɛe a amemene, akyi berɛmo, ne akyi berɛmo, ne ntini ahorow a efi akyi berɛmo no mu nyinaa ka ho, hwehwɛ, na ɔsa.

Ɛwom sɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo betumi ayɛ w’akyi berɛmo ne w’amemene oprehyɛn a emu yɛ den de, nanso wɔtaa kamfo ayaresa a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn, a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn nni kan kyerɛ. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ w’akyi yɛ wo yaw a enni sabea a, ebia wo ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo adi kan akamfo nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa ne/anaasɛ nipadua mu ayaresa akyerɛ wo. Sɛ saa ayaresa ahorow yi amma wo yaw no so antew a, ɛnde sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, wobetumi asusuw oprehyɛn ho.

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo ho akokwaw wɔ oprehyɛn ne ayaresa ahorow mu. Nhwɛso kakraa bi ni:

• Oprehyɛn a wɔabue mu : Eyi kyerɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde twa obi a ɛnyɛ den.
• Oprehyɛn a wɔmfa biribiara nhyɛ mu : Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde nnwinnade te sɛ mfoninitwa mfiri fa mmeae nketenkete a wɔatwa mu. Eyi ma akuru nketenkete na ɛsa ntɛmntɛm.
• Endoscopic surgery : Eyi nso yɛ ɔkwan a ɛte sɛ oprehyɛn a wɔmfa biribiara nhyɛ mu.
• Oprehyɛn nketenkete : Oprehyɛn a wɔde afiri a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma nketenkete yɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ yiye.
• Radiosurgery : Eyi nhwehwɛ sɛ wotwa ankasa. Wɔnam mframa a ano yɛ den a wɔde ma so na ɛsa.
• Endovascular surgery : Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ denam nnwinnade nketewa a wɔde fa mogya ntini mu so.
• Akwan a wɔfa so de wɔn ho hyɛ ɛyaw a enni sabea mu : Ayaresa titiriw a wɔde sa ɛyaw a ɛkɔ so daa.

Wɔatete ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo nso yiye wɔ nhwehwɛmu a ehia na wɔde ahu ntini mu nyarewa na wɔasa no mu. Wɔn ho akokwaw wɔ oprehyɛn ne nea efi sɔhwɛ ahorow a ɛtete saa mu ba no mu nhwehwɛmu mu:

• CT mfoninitwa (Computed Tomography mfonini ahorow) .
• MRI mfonini (MRI mfonini / Magnetic Resonance Imaging mfonini) .
• PET mfonini ahorow (Positron Emission Tomography mfonini ahorow) .
• Magnetoencephalography (MEG) ho nhwehwɛmu .
• EEG sɔhwɛ ahorow `(Electroencephalograms (EEG))`

Dɛn ne tebea horow a ɛtaa ba a ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo sa?

Nyarewa pii wɔ hɔ a ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo sa. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu kakraa bi:

• Amemene mu akisikuru
• Carpal tunnel syndrome : Tebea a ɛnam ntini bi a ɛwɔ nsateaa mu a wɔmia so na ɛba. Ɛtaa ba nnipa a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ kɔmputa so anaasɛ wɔde wɔn nsa yɛ nnwuma a wɔtaa yɛ no mu.
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak: Eyi ne nsu a atwa amemene ne akyi berɛmo ho ahyia. Ɛyɛ nsuo a ɛtwetwe.
• Akyi anaa kɔn mu yaw a enni sabea
• Amemene mu nyarewa a wɔde awo : Sɛ nhwɛso no, `(Chiari malformations)` ne `(Arachnoid cysts)`.
• Awo mu akyi berɛmo mu yare : Sɛ nhwɛso no, `(Spina bifida)` ne `(Tethered spinal cord)`.
• Essential tremor : Tebea a nneɛma te sɛ nsa, nan, ne ti wosow.
• Herniated disks : Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, akyi berɛmo no mu ntini no pue.
• Hydrocephalus : Tebea a ɛma nsu boaboa ano wɔ amemene no mu, na ɛma ti no yɛ kɛse.
• Intracranial aneurysms : Akuru a ɛte sɛ balloon a ɛwɔ mogya ntini bi mu wɔ amemene no mu.
• Ntini a Ɛyɛ Fɛ (MS) .
• Parkinson yare a ɛma obi nya yare
• Ntini a ɛyɛ pintinn
• Sciatica : Ɛyaw a emu yɛ den a ɛkɔ nan no ase.
• Nyarewa a ɛma obi ho kyere no, te sɛ Epilepsy
• Akyi berɛmo mu nnompe mu ntini (osteophytes) .
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru
• Akyi berɛmo mu akisikuru
• Akyi berɛmo mu dɛmdi : Sɛ nhwɛso no, scoliosis ne spondylolisthesis.
• Ti, amemene, kɔn anaa akyi berɛmo mu opira a ɛyɛ hu

Mma nnsuro bere a wuhu saa nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ yi no. Nyarewa yi nyinaa ayaresa wɔ hɔ, na ɛnyɛ ne nyinaa na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn.

Oprehyɛn bɛn na ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo yɛ?

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo yɛ oprehyɛn ahorow wɔ ntini ahorow no afã horow, a amemene, akyi berɛmo, ne ntini a ɛwɔ akwaa no mu ka ho. Momma yɛnhwɛ emu bi:

Amemene mu oprehyɛn ahorow:

• Mogya a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu a woyi fi hɔ
• Aneurysm a Wosiesie
• Tumor a woyi fi hɔ
• Mogya a Ɛtɔ wɔ Amemene no mu a Wobegyae
• Nneɛma a asɛe a akwanhyia bi de aba no a wobesiesie
• Shunt a wɔde besisi hɔ (yi nsu a ɛboro so wɔ amemene no mu) .

Ntini a ɛwɔ akyi no oprehyɛn (ntini a ɛwɔ akwaa no mu): .

• Carpal tunnel a wɔayi no adi
• Ulnar ntini a ɛma wogyae
• Vagus ntini a ɛkanyan obi

Akyi berɛmo mu oprehyɛn ahorow:

• Stereotactic akyi berɛmo radio oprehyɛn
• Diskectomy (diski no fã bi a woyi fi hɔ) .
• Laminectomy a wɔde yɛ adwuma
• Akyi berɛmo mu fusion
• Vertebroplasty ne kyphoplasty (wɔde semɛnte siesie akyi berɛmo a abubu) .
• Akyi berɛmo a ɛma ɛyɛ den ne nea wɔsan kyekye

Eyinom yɛ din ahorow ara kwa. Ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn nyinaa na wɔyɛ obiara. Oduruyɛfo no bɛpaw nea ɛfata wo tebea no yiye.

Dɛn nti na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn nkyɛn?

Mpɛn pii no, w’abusua oduruyɛfo anaa wo ntini ho ɔyaresafo de wo bɛkɔ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔyaresafo nkyɛn sɛ wohia sɛ wɔyɛ wo ntini mu yare no mu nhwehwɛmu kɔ akyiri anaasɛ wosusuw sɛ oprehyɛn betumi ayɛ nea mfaso wɔ so a.

Kae sɛ, esiane sɛ oduruyɛfo bi de wo kɔɔ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn nti, ɛnkyerɛ sɛ akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn!

Mmom no, wɔbɛma wo ntini mu nhwehwɛmu a edi mũ , wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne ne w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm a edi mũ , ne mfoniniyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri (te sɛ MRI ne CT scan) de ahu nea ɛde wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ba. Afei, wo ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo – ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛnam animdefo afoforo mmoa so – ne wo bɛbɔ ayaresa a eye sen biara a wobetumi apaw ama wo ho nkɔmmɔ. Eyi betumi ayɛ ayaresa a ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn, oprehyɛn, anaa n’abien nyinaa a wɔaka abom.

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn nkyɛn a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu?

Sɛ wokɔ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, wubetumi abisa wɔn nsɛm te sɛ eyinom. Eyinom bɛboa wo ma woadi ehu ne adwenem naayɛ biara a ebia wowɔ no so.

Nsɛmmisa a wubetumi abisa:

• "Oduruyɛfo, wowɔ osuahu dɛn wɔ oprehyɛn a ɛte sɛɛ a wobɛyɛ mu?"
• "Ɛhia sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yi ntɛm ahe?"
• "Asiane bɛn na ebetumi aba wɔ oprehyɛn yi mu?"
• "Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ oprehyɛn yi so?"
• " Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔyɛ oprehyɛn no?"
• "So ɛsɛ sɛ minya adwene a ɛto so abien?"
• "Henanom ne animdefo afoforo a wɔwɔ me oprehyɛn kuw no mu?"
• "Hena bio na ɔbɛka me recovery team no ho wɔ oprehyɛn akyi?"
• "Bere tenten ahe na ɛsɛ sɛ metra ayaresabea? Ɛhe na mɛnya ahoɔden?"
• "Mɛtumi ho atɔ me ntɛmntɛm na edi mũ dɛn?"
• "Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ de siesie me ho ma oprehyɛn?"

Sɛnea wubesiesie wo ho ama nhyiam no ni:

• Kyerɛw nneɛma a ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ wo ne wo ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo susuw ho.
• Wo deɛKa nsakrae a aba w’akwahosan nyinaa mu ho asɛm kyerɛ me.
• Ka sɛnkyerɛnne foforo biara a worenya anaa nsakrae biara a aba wɔ sɛnkyerɛnne dedaw no mu ho asɛm kyerɛ yɛn .
• Fa nhwehwɛmu ho amanneɛbɔ ahorow a wɔayɛ no scan fi nnuruyɛfo afoforo hɔ.
• Fa nnuru, vitamin, nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho, ne nnuru a wɔde di dwuma wɔ amanne kwan so a worenom mprempren nyinaa ho kyerɛwtohɔ bra.
• Ka wo akisikuru ho asɛm kyerɛ yɛn .
• Sɛ ɛbɛyɛ yiye a, wo ne w’adamfo anaa w’abusua muni bi kɔ. Wobetumi akyerɛw nea oduruyɛfo no ka na wɔaboa wo.
• Sɛ biribi foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu a, bisa sɛ wubetumi de ama da foforo anaa.

Bere tenten ahe na egye na obi abɛyɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo? So ɛyɛ akwantu a ɛnyɛ den?

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo a wobɛyɛ no nyɛ mmerɛw. Egye mfe pii nhomasua ne ntetee. Mpɛn pii no:

• Mfeɛ 4 ansa na wawie sukuu (Pre-medical education).
• Mfe 4 a ɔde ayɛ aduruyɛ sukuu.
• Afe 1 adwumayɛ wɔ oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ no nyinaa mu.
• Residency wɔ neurosurgery yɛ mfe 5-7.

Ɛno kyerɛ sɛ egye mfe 14 kosi 16 ansa na obi abɛyɛ ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔbenfo! Eyi yɛ ntetee bere tenten sen biara wɔ aduruyɛ mu no mu biako. Efisɛ saa afuw yi yɛ nea ɛyɛ den yiye.

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo binom, wɔ saa ntetee yi akyi no, nso nya ``Fellowship`` wɔ adwuma titiriw foforo mu (e.g., akyi berɛmo, mmofra ntini mu oprehyɛn). Afei nso, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkɔ so sua nneɛma foforo na wohu mfiridwuma mu nneɛma foforo.

Ntini mu oprehyɛn mu nneɛma atitiriw pii:

• Amemene mu ntini mu oprehyɛn (a ɛfa amemene no mogya ntini ho) .
• Endovascular oprehyɛn neuroradiology
• Oprehyɛn a wɔyɛ wɔ akisikuru ho
• Ntini mu oprehyɛn a ɛyɛ adwuma
• Neuro-oncology (ntini mu kokoram) .
• Mmofra ntini mu oprehyɛn
• Akyi berɛmo mu oprehyɛn

Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie

Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata sɛ wobɛte dadwen nka bere a wɔahu sɛ wowɔ yare no. Nanso, sɛ wowɔ ɛyaw a enni sabea anaa tebea bi a ɛka ntini ahorow te sɛ Parkinson yare a, ntini mu oprehyɛn ho oduruyɛfo betumi aboa ma woadi wo tebea no ho dwuma na wasa.

Ntini mu oprehyɛn ho animdefo ne abenfo a wɔsen biara wɔ saa adwuma yi mu. Wɔwɔ nnuru a aba so foforo, ayaresa, ne oprehyɛn a ebetumi aboa wo ho nimdeɛ.

Wo ntini mu oprehyɛn ho ɔyaresafo ne wo bɛyɛ adwuma de ahu ayaresa nhyehyɛe a eye sen biara ama wo. Enti, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wɔn behyia na woasusuw nneɛma a ɛhaw wo ho. Kae sɛ ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na oprehyɛn ne ano aduru a etwa to. Mpɛn pii no, wɔbɛyɛ nea wobetumi biara de aboa wo ma wo ho atɔ wo a wɔnyɛ wo oprehyɛn.

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