So woasusuw sɛnea yebetumi ate nhwiren a ɛyɛ fɛ, nnuan a ɛyɛ dɛ a yɛn maame noa, anaa asase hua bere a osu atɔ kakra no ho pɛn? Eyi nyinaa fi yɛn nipadua no fã ketewaa bi nanso ɛho hia yiye. Ɛno ne ntini a ɛma obi te hua . Enti ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka saa ntini a ɛma hua a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi ho asɛm, saa adamfo yi a ɔboa yɛn wɔ yɛn hua mu.

Dɛn ne Olfactory Nerve no?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, wo ntini a ɛma wote hua no ne wo ti nhwi ntini a edi kan (Cranial Nerve I anaa CN I) . Ɛyɛ ntini atitiriw dumien a ɛwɔ yɛn tirim no mu nea edi kan. Ɛsan nso yɛ yɛn Autonomic Nervous System no fã . Ɛne sɛ, nhyehyɛe a ɛhwɛ nneɛma pii a ɛkɔ so wɔ yɛn nipadua mu wɔ awosu mu no so. Dwumadi titiriw a saa ntini yi yɛ ne sɛ ɛbɛma yɛatumi ate hua . Nea ɛyɛ nwonwa no, ɛyɛ nkate ntini a ɛyɛ tiaa sen biara wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Efi ase wɔ yɛn amemene no mu, titiriw wɔ amemene no ase, na afei etu kwan na ɛka hwene no atifi ne emu. Wo de susuw sɛnea ɛyɛ adwuma kɛse a ɛyɛ, ɛwom mpo sɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa koraa no ho hwɛ!

Dɛn ne dwumadi titiriw a ntini a ɛma hua (CN I) yɛ?

Ade titiriw ne sɛ ɛboa yɛn ma yehu hua ahorow, te sɛ nnuhuam hua, aduan hua, nhwiren hua. Ɔkwan bɛn so na eyi ba? Fa no sɛ, sɛ yɛte biribi hua a, ɛde nneɛma nketenkete paa a aniwa nhu (molecules) ka mframa no ho. Sɛ yɛhome a, saa nneɛma nketenkete yi fa yɛn hwene mu kɔ mu. Ɛhɔ no, nkwammoaa soronko bi a ɛwɔ yɛn hwene no atifi, a wɔfrɛ no olfactory receptors , kyere saa nneɛma nketenkete yi. Afei saa ntini ahorow yi nam ntini a ɛma nneɛma te hua so de nkrasɛm kɔ amemene no mu, na wɔka sɛ, "Ɛha na hua bi te sɛ eyi ba." Ɛno na yɛte ase sɛ, "Ah, eyi ne rose hua" anaa "Eyi ne akokɔ curry a ɛyɛ dɛ hua."

Ɔkwan bɛn so na yɛn hua a yɛte no yɛ adwuma?

Yɛn hua nhyehyɛe ma yetumi te hua wɔ akwan titiriw abien so: 1. Ɛdenam hwene mu: Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, nneɛma nketenkete a efi nneɛma a ɛwɔ hua mu ba no hyɛn yɛn hwene mu na ɛkanyan nneɛma a ɛma yɛte hua no. Wɔma saa ntini ahorow yi yɛ adwuma wɔ nkabom ahorow mu, na ɛma yetumi hu hua ahorow mu nsonsonoe na yehu. Fa no sɛ ɛyɛ kɔla titiriw koro no ara kakra a wode bɛfrafra wɔ akwan horow so de ayɛ kɔla ahorow. 2. Wɔ menewa akyi: Sɛ yɛwe aduan anaa yɛnom anonne bi a, hua nketenkete a ɛwɔ saa nnuan no mu nso fi adi. Saa nneɛma nketenkete yi kɔ yɛn menewam na ɛkɔ mmeae a ɛma yɛte hua wɔ hwene no akyi no. Ɛno nti na ɛtɔ da bi a yetumi te aduan hua bere a ɛda so ara wɔ yɛn anom no.

Olfactory Mucosa ne ne Dwuma

Ntini a ɛma yɛte hua no nso di dwuma titiriw wɔ yɛn hua a yɛte nka no mu. Ɛwɔ yɛn hwene no atifi. Nkwammoaa ahorow ahorow na ɛwɔ saa ntini yi mu:

• Nkwammoaa a ɛma hua: Eyinom ne nkwammoaa a wohu hua. Saa nkwammoaa yi wɔ akwan abien: Dendritic akwan piapia nkwammoaa no kɔ nhwi nketenkete a ɛwɔ hua mu, na ɛkanyan nkwammoaa a wɔte hua no. Nneɛma a ɛkɔ so wɔ mfinimfini no pia nkwammoaa no kɔ ɔkwan a ɛne no bɔ abira so.
• Sustentacular cells: Eyinom yɛ adwuma sɛ mmoa a ɛboa ntini a atwa ho ahyia no.
• Basal cells: Wɔde saa basal cells yi na ɛyɛ olfactory receptor cells ne nkwammoaa a ɛboa no nyinaa.

Dɛn ne ntini a ɛma hua no nipadua?

Yɛn ntini a ɛma yɛte hua no, a ɛnte sɛ ti nhwi ntini afoforo no, yɛ ntini abien a efi yɛn amemene , amemene no atifi fã kɛse no mu tẽẽ no mu biako. (Ɔfoforo no ne aniwa ntini, atiridii ntini a ɛto so abien a ɛboa ma yehu ade.) Titiriw ntini afoforo no mu dodow no ara fi amemene no afã horow a ɛwɔ fam, amemene no ntini . Ntini a ɛma hua no mu nhama no twa kwan tiaa bi kodu hua a ɛwɔ hwene no atifi no ho. Ansa na ntini ahorow no bedu baabi a yɛte hua no, ɛfa dompe bi a ɛwɔ yɛn ti nhwi mu a wɔfrɛ no cribriform plate . Eyi yɛ dompe a ɛte sɛ spongy a emu yɛ hare. Eyi na ɛtetew baabi a atwa yɛn hwene ho ahyia no ne amemene no ntam.

Sɛ ntini a ɛma hua no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye a, sɛnkyerɛnne bɛn na ebetumi aba?

Ɔhaw ahorow bi a ɛka yɛn hua nhyehyɛe no betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow aba. Momma yɛnhwɛ nea wɔyɛ:

• Anosmia: Eyi ne hua a ɛyera koraa . Tebea a wuntumi nte biribiara hua mu.
• Dysosmia (a wɔsan frɛ no phantosmia): Eyi ne hua a ɛnyɛ dɛ, ɛnyɛ dɛ, anaa ɛyɛ nwonwa a wohu a ntease biara nnim. Ebetumi ayɛ hua a ɛyɛ hyew anaasɛ hua a ɛyɛ nwini.
• Hyposmia: Eyi yɛ hua a ɛso tew . Hua a kan no na wohu no yiye no, mprempren ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wontumi nhu.
• Parosmia: Eyi yɛ hua a wɔakyinkyim . Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia wobɛte aduan bi a wunim, nnuru bi, anaa hua bi a ɛyɛ nwunu. Susuw sɛnea sɛ aduan a w’ani gye ho no hua yɛ soronko a, wobɛhaw wo ho hwɛ.

Tebea bɛn na ebetumi aka ntini a ɛma hua no?

Ayaresa mu tebea horow ne nneɛma afoforo betumi aka sɛnea yɛn ntini a ɛma yɛte hua no yɛ adwuma. Ebi ne:

• Sinus mu yare ne hwene mu polyps .
• Tawa a wɔde di dwumaTawa a wɔde di dwuma (sigaret, beedis, ne nea ɛkeka ho).
• Anom ne nsensan akwahosan a enye (Nsen mu ahotew a enye) .
• Awuduru a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne nnuru te sɛ nnuru a ekum nkoekoemmoa a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu .
• Ti a wopirapira kɛse , a akisikuru ka ho, yɛ tebea horow a wɔbɔ amemene no denneennen.
• Nnuru bi, sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a ekum ɔyare mmoawa .
• ` SARS-CoV-2` mmoawa a ɛde coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) ba no yɛ biribi a yɛn nyinaa ate ho asɛm.
• Ti ne kɔn mu kokoram .
• Asikreyare (Asikreyare) .
• Alzheimer yare a ɛma obi nya ɔyare .
• Amemene mu akisikuru .
• Parkinson yare a ɛma obi nya Parkinson .
• Akisikuru .

Nea ɛho hia: Sɛnea wubetumi ahu no, ɛtɔ mmere bi a sɛ obi te nka sɛ ɔte hua a, ebetumi ayɛ tebea bi a emu yɛ den kɛse ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti, sɛ wuhyia biribi a ɛte sɛɛ a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wohwɛ so.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na COVID-19 ka yɛn hua?

Ebia woate sɛ nnipa a wonya COVID-19 no mu bɛyɛ fã hwere wɔn hua. Nhwehwɛmufo da so ara rebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobehu nea enti a eyi ba ankasa. Nanso ade biako a ebetumi aba ne sɛ mmoawa a wɔde nyarewa ba te sɛ SARS-CoV-2 betumi asɛe yɛn nkwammoaa a ɛma yɛte hua no. Asɛmpa no ne sɛ nnipa dodow no ara san tumi te hua. Nanso, ebetumi agye asram pii. Ade titiriw ne sɛ wubenya abotare.

Dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ de asiw ɔhaw ahorow a ɛfa ntini a ɛma yɛte hua ho no ano?

Sɛ yɛbɛka nokware a, ɛyɛ den sɛ yebesiw nkɛntɛnso a ntini mu yare ahorow bi te sɛ amemene mu akisikuru nya wɔ yɛn hua so no ano. Wɔyɛ nneɛma a yentumi nni so. Nanso, nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a yebetumi adi so na yɛabɔ mmɔden sɛ yebesiw ano:

• Dwumadi ahorow a asiane wom a ebetumi ama obi apira amemene no a yɛbɛkwati.
• COVID-19 aduru no a wobenya .
• Sɛ wode nnuru reyɛ adwuma a, hyɛ akataso de bɔ wo hwene ho ban .
• Sɛ woyɛ obi a ɔnom tawa (sigaret, vaping) a, gyae ne di .
• Wo sẽ a wobɛhohoro na wode nhama abɔ wo sẽ da biara daAnom ahotew ho su pa te sɛ sẽ a wɔde twitwiw sẽ a wobɛkɔ so akura mu.
• Sɛ wowɔ aduruyɛ mu tebea afoforo (e.g. asikreyare) a ebetumi aka wo hua nhyehyɛe a, ɛho hia sɛ woma wɔsa no yiye .
• Bɔ wo ho ban fi opira te sɛ akisikuru ho denam nnwinnade a wode bɔ wo ho ban te sɛ dade kyɛw a wode bedi dwuma bere a woredi agumadi no so.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn wɔ ɔhaw bi a ɛfa ntini a ɛma wohu ade ho?

Sɛ wuhu saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi mu biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn:

• Sɛ nsonsonoe wɔ sɛnea nneɛma te hua mu a .
• Sɛ wohwere wo hua mpofirim a .
• Sɛ wote hua bɔne, hua a ɛnyɛ dɛ a ntease biara nnim a.

Dɛn nti na ɛho hia sɛ yɛhwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu?

Ɛho hia sɛ wohwehwɛ nnuruyɛfo afotu wɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi ho, efisɛ ebetumi de asiane ahorow bi aba w’akwahosan ne w’ahobammɔ so. Nhwɛsoɔ:

• Ebia ɛbɛsɔ wo ahwɛ sɛ wubedidi boro so anaasɛ wubedidi pii esiane sɛ wuntumi nte aduan hua nti .
• Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobɛpa asiane ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ gas a ɛretu, wusiw a efi ogya mu, anaa aduan a asɛe. Fa no sɛ gas bi retu wɔ wo fie, nanso sɛ woantumi nte hua a, anka ɛbɛyɛ hu paa.

Nea etwa to no, nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛkae

Enti, afei wunim sɛ Olfactory Nerve ne yɛn ti nhwi ntini a edi kan (CN I), na saa ntini yi ho hia ma yɛn hua nhyehyɛe ne hua a yɛte nka. Tebea ahorow te sɛ COVID-19, Asikreyare, ne Alzheimer yare betumi aka saa ntini yi.

Sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ anaa nsakrae bi ba wo hua mu a, hwɛ hu sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Obetumi aka akyerɛ wo sɛ tebea no bɛsan ayɛ sɛnea na ɛte kan anaasɛ ɛbɛsan aba sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Obetumi nso atu wo fo wɔ sɛnea wobɛkɔ so anya ahobammɔ na woanya apɔwmuden mpo a wo nkate hua nka ho.

Yɛn nipadua no fã biara som bo, enti ɛyɛ yɛn asɛyɛde sɛ yɛhwɛ ne nyinaa so.

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