So wo nso wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ bere a worenom nufusu no? Momma yensua nufusu ho akisikuru yi ho ade!

Sɛ wonom nufusu anaa wudi aduan a nufusu wom a, wote nka sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ anaasɛ wo ho nyɛ wo dɛ? Ɛtɔ mmere bi a, ɛyɛ den ma wo sɛ wobɛhome, wote nka sɛ woyare, anaa wo yafunu mu haw? Sɛ saa a, ebia wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ nufusu ho. Yɛfrɛ eyi wɔ aduruyɛ mu sɛ `( Milk Allergy )`. Eyi yɛ tebea a ebetumi aba mmofra nkumaa ne mpanyimfo nso mu. Enti, so ɛnyɛ awerɛhow kɛse sɛ wubenya biribi a ɛte sɛɛ mu osuahu? Nanso mma ɛnhaw wo, momma yɛnhwehwɛ ho nsɛm pii nnɛ.

Dɛn ne Nufusu Ho Akisikuru?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, nufusu ho akisikuru ne bere a yɛn nipadua mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa , yɛn nipadua no ankasa ‘asraafo’ a wɔbɔ yɛn ho ban fi nyarewa ho , yɛ wɔn ade wɔ ɔkwan a ɛmfata so wɔ protein ahorow bi a ɛwɔ nufusu mu ho. Susuw ho saa kwan yi so: sɛ wonom nufusu bi anaa wudi aduan a nufusu wom a, wo nipadua susuw sɛ saa nufusu mu protein ahorow yi yɛ ‘ntuafo’ a wopira, wɔn ho yɛ hu. Afei yɛn nipadua mu ahoɔden a ɛko tia nyarewa no fi ase ko tia saa ‘ntuafo’ yi. Ɛno ne bere a obi a ne ho yɛ no hyew ba. So wote nea ɛrekɔ so no ase?

Nokwarem no, nufusu yɛ nnuan a wɔtaa di a nkurɔfo ho yɛ wɔn hyew wɔ wiase nyinaa no mu biako. Nanso asɛmpa bi wɔ hɔ. Ɛwom mpo sɛ mmofra nkumaa binom wɔ nufusu ho akisikuru yi de, nanso hokwan pa wɔ hɔ sɛ ɛno ankasa befi hɔ bere a wɔrenyin kakra, kyerɛ sɛ, bere a wɔrenyin no. Enti ɛno yɛ ahotɔ kakra, ɛnte saa?

Sɛ wowɔ nufusu ho akisikuru a, dɛn na ɛto nipadua no?

Obi a nufusu ho adwenemhaw no reyɛ n’ade ankasa wɔ protein biako anaa nea ɛboro saa a ɛwɔ nufusu mu ho. Nnipa binom ho nyɛ wɔn den wɔ protein a ɛwɔ nufusu mu a wɔfrɛ no casein no ho. Afoforo nso ani nnye protein a ɛwɔ nufusu mu a wɔfrɛ no whey no ho. Ɛwom sɛ ɛntaa nsi de, nanso nnipa binom betumi ayɛ wɔn ayayade wɔ protein abien no nyinaa ho.

Afei, sɛ obi te sɛ wo di anaa ɔnom biribi a protein ahorow yi wom a, ne nipadua no yi nnuru ahorow te sɛ `` Histamine .'' Sɛ nnuru yi fi adi a, sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow a yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no da adi. Nneɛma bi a ebetumi asi ni:

• Ahomegye a ɛyɛ hu
• Ɔhome a ɛyɛ den mpofirim
• Ɔfe a ɛkɔ so daa
• Hoarseness, nne a ɛsakra
• Sɛ wote nka sɛ wo menewa ayɛ mmerɛw, te sɛ nea biribi akɔhyɛ mu
• Yafunu a ɛyɛ wo yaw kɛse
• Ɔfe a wɔfe
• Diarrhea , a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi twetwe ne ho
• Aniwa a ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ, ɛyɛ yaw, ɛyɛ nsu, ɛho ahonhon
• Akisikuru a ɛba mpofirim wɔ honam ani, yɛfrɛ no `(Hives)`
• Nipadua no afã horow a ɛho ahonhon
• Mogya mmoroso a ɛkɔ fam mpofirim, adwenemhaw a ɛba obi so, na ebia n’adwene mu yɛ no naa mpo.

Nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew wɔ nufusu ho no betumi ayɛ soronko wɔ onipa biara ho, na ɛsono obiara mpo. Nneyɛe ahorow bi nyɛ den koraa, na ebetumi ama akisikuru ketewaa bi nkutoo aba. Nanso, ɛho hia sɛ wokae sɛ esiane sɛ woyɛɛ w’ade kakra bere foforo a wubenya biribi nti, ebetumi ayɛ nea emu yɛ den yiye na ɛde wo nkwa mpo ato asiane mu. Enti mfa nyɛ hwee.

Ade a emu yɛ den sen biara: Anaphylaxis

Ɛtɔ da bi a, nufusu ho akisikuru tumi de adeyɛ a emu yɛ den yiye, a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu a wɔfrɛ no ``Anaphylaxis.'' Saa ``(Anaphylaxis)'' yi betumi afi ase de sɛnkyerɛnne koro no ara a ɛte sɛ akisikuru a ɛyɛ daa no, nanso tebea no betumi ayɛ den ntɛmntɛm yiye, wɔ simma kakraa bi mu. Ebia worentumi nhome, ebia w’adwene bɛyera. Ebetumi aka nipadua no fã bɛboro biako, nhyehyɛe ahorow pii. Sɛ wɔansa eyi ntɛm ara, a wɔankyɛ a, ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Mekyerɛ sɛ, eyi yɛ asiane kɛse, ɛnte saa?

"Nnipa pii de nufusu mu akisikuru frafra `Lactose Intolerance`. Eyi te saa efisɛ abien no nyinaa betumi de sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ yafunu a ɛyɛ yaw ne atiridiinini aba. Nanso kae sɛ, `Lactose Intolerance` yɛ tebea bi kɛkɛ a ɛyɛ den ma yɛn nipadua sɛ ɛbɛyam asikre lactose a ɛwɔ nufusu mu no. Ebetumi ama yafunu mu ayɛ basaa, nanso ɛnyɛ nea ɛde nkwa to asiane mu. Nanso, `Milk Allergy` betumi yɛ aniberesɛm kɛse na ɛne nipadua no mu tumi a ɛko tia nyarewa no wɔ abusuabɔ."

Wobɛyɛ dɛn ahu pɛpɛɛpɛ sɛ wowɔ nufusu ho akisikuru anaa?

Sɛ wunya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛte saa ara bere a wonom nufusu anaa wudi nufusu mu nneɛma, na wususuw sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew wɔ nufusu ho a, ɛda adi sɛ w’abusua duruyɛfo de wo bɛkɔ oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ nufusu so nkyɛn akɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforo. Ɛhɔ no, wobebisa wo nsɛm te sɛ:

• Mpɛn ahe na adeyɛ a ɛte sɛɛ ba?
• Bere tenten ahe na ɛtaa gye ansa na yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne afi ase bere a woadi aduan bi awie no?
• Wobisa nso sɛ ebia obi foforo bi wɔ abusua no mu a ɔwɔ akisikuru te sɛ eyi, anaa tebea horow te sɛ eczema anaa ayamtu anaa.

Afei oduruyɛfo titiriw no betumi ayɛ ``skin test'' wɔ wo so. Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wode nufusu mu protein kakraa bi pɛ bɛto wo honam ani te sɛ wo nsa anaa w’akyi, na woabɔ no ketewaa bi anaasɛ wode ade abɔ mu. Afei, wɔtwɛn bɛyɛ simma 15-20 hwɛ sɛ beae no dan kɔkɔɔ, ɛho ahonhon kakra te sɛ nwansena a wɔaka, na ɛte sɛ welt anaa. Sɛ saa a, ɛno betumi akyerɛ sɛ wowɔ nufusu ho adwenemhaw. So wote sɛnea wɔyɛ saa no ase?

Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ gyae nnuru bi te sɛ nnuru a wɔde kum akisikuru a wɔtɔn (te sɛ piridine) nom nnafua 5 kosi 7 ansa na wɔayɛ honam ani nhwehwɛmu no. Saa nnuru yi betumi aka nea efi nhwehwɛmu no mu ba no na ebia ɛrenhu wo tebea no yiye. Enti, ɛho hia sɛ wubisa wo allergist adwumayɛbea no nnuru a ɛsɛ sɛ wugyae nom ne bere tenten a ɛsɛ sɛ wonom.

Wobetumi nso ayɛ ``mogya mu nhwehwɛmu''. Wɔbɛfa wo mogya no ketewaa bi na wɔde akɔma lab ma wɔayɛ mu nhwehwɛmu. Ɛhɔ no, wɔbɛhwɛ sɛ wowɔ antibodies pɔtee bi a wɔfrɛ no ``IgE antibodies'' wɔ wo mogya mu a ɛko tia nufusu anaa. Sɛ wowɔ saa ``IgE antibodies'' yi a ɛdɔɔso wɔ wo mogya mu a, hokwan kɛse wɔ hɔ sɛ wo ho nyɛ wo den wɔ nufusu ho.

Nanso, sɛ nea efii honam ani nhwehwɛmu ne mogya mu nhwehwɛmu yi mu ba no mu nna hɔ a, ɛtɔ mmere bi a, oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru no betumi ayɛ biribi a wɔfrɛ no ``Aduan mu Nsɛnnennen.'' Wɔde ahwɛyiye kɛse na ɛyɛ eyi, wɔ ayaresabea tebea mu. Wɔ eyi mu no, wɔ oduruyɛfo hwɛ a edi mũ ase no, wɔde nkakrankakra ma wo nufusu dodow a ɛkɔ soro ma nom, na wɔhwɛ yiye paa sɛ ebia yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara nni hɔ.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa nufusu ho akisikuru?

Sɛ wɔahu sɛ wowɔ nufusu ho akisikuru a, ɛho hia sɛ wode epinephrine dodow abien ka wo ho bere nyinaa, baabiara a wobɛkɔ. Eyi yɛ aduru a egye nkwa a wobetumi de adi dwuma bere a obi ho yɛ no yaw kɛse (te sɛ anaphylaxis). Epinephrine yɛ aduru a ɛsɛ sɛ oduruyɛfo kyerɛw ma. Ɛwɔ afiri ketewaa bi a ɛte sɛ kyerɛwdua a wotumi fa so (auto-injector). Ɛnyɛ den koraa sɛ wode bedi dwuma. Wo duruyɛfo bɛkyerɛ wo sɛnea wode bedi dwuma. Fa nnuru abien kɔ bere nyinaa, sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ dodow biako anyɛ adwuma a, wubetumi de dodow a ɛto so abien adi dwuma wɔ sikɔne/simma kakraa bi mu.

Wo duruyɛfoɔ nso bɛtumi akyerɛw wo ``Allergy Action Plan.'' Eyi bɛboa wo ma woasiesie wo ho ama allergy reaction, ahu sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no ntɛm bere a ɛba no, na woahu nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ ankasa. Fa nhyehyɛe yi kyerɛ obiara a wunim no, te sɛ w’abusua, sukuu akyerɛkyerɛfo, adwumayɛbea mfɛfo adwumayɛfo, ne agumadi akyerɛkyerɛfo. Afei nso, susuw ho sɛ wobɛhyɛ ``Medical Alert Bracelet'' anaa kɔnmuade a ɛka biribi fa wo allergy ho. Eyi betumi aboa wo wɔ tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ mu.

Sekan biara bu akontaa wɔ akisikuru mu. Sɛ wufi ase nya akisikuru ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den, te sɛ ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛhome anaasɛ wote nka sɛ wo menewa mu ayɛ wo den a, fa epinephrine di dwuma ntɛm ara a ɛnkyɛ. Afei nso, sɛ wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no da adi wɔ nipadua nhyehyɛe ahorow abien mu prɛko pɛ, sɛ nhwɛso no, honam ani akisikuru ne ɔfe a, fa epinephrine di dwuma ntɛm ara. Afei frɛ 1990 Suwaseriya ntɛm ara anaa kɔ ayaresabea dan a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ ayaresa a egye ntɛmpɛ mu ntɛm ara sɛnea wubetumi. Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotra oduruyɛfo hwɛ ase nnɔnhwerew pii, efisɛ ɛtɔ mmere bi a, sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den a ɛto so abien (`biphasic reaction`) betumi aba nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi akyi, sɛ ɛte sɛ nea nea enye koraa no atwam mpo a.

Sɛ mewɔ nufusu ho akisikuru a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ na ama manya ahobammɔ?

Eyi ne ɔfã a ɛho hia sen biara. Sɛ wowɔ nufusu ho akisikuru a, ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi anaa wonom biribiara a nufusu anaa nufusu mu protein wom wɔ ɔkwan biara so. Eyi yɛ biribi a ɛsɛ sɛ wodi akyi denneennen.

Nufusu a wobɛkwati no nyɛ mmerɛw te sɛ nea wubeyi kyiisi no afi wo sandwich mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ wokenkan nnuan ne anonne a wotɔ wɔ sotɔɔ mu nyinaa ho nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw so yiye, a wunka asɛm biara. Nni biribiara a wunnye nni anaasɛ wunnim nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu Nsusuw mpo sɛ, "Ɛnyɛ hwee sɛ wubenya kakra."

Wobetumi ahu nufusu ne nufusu mu protein wɔ nnuan mu wɔ mmeae a wɔnhwɛ kwan. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔ nam a wɔakora so (te sɛ soseji ne nam a wɔayam), salad dressing, nneɛma a wɔato (abodoo, keeki, bisket), chocolate, ne krak bi mu. Sɛ mpo wɔakyerɛw so sɛ ``ɛnyɛ nufusu'' a, ɛda so ara tumi kura nufusu mu protein kakraa bi. Enti hwɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ aduan no mu bere nyinaa.

Ɛwom mpo sɛ ebia nea wɔakyerɛw so no renka tẽẽ sɛ "nufusu na ɛwom" de, nanso ade foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ wohwɛ yiye wɔ ho kɛse. Ɛno ne asiane a ɛwɔ ``cross-contamination.'' Saa ``cross-contamination'' yi ne bere a aduan bi a wo ho nyɛ wo den no ne aduan bi a wo ho yɛ wo hyew, wɔ eyi mu no, nufusu, a wunnim. Fa no sɛ, sɛ aduan adwumayɛbea bi de afiri ne nnwinnade koro no ara yɛ aduan a nufusu wom ne aduan a nufusu nni mu a, ɛnde nufusu mu protein nketenkete betumi akɔ aduan a ɛnyɛ nufusu mu.

Nnwumakuw bi a wɔyɛ nnuan de kɔkɔbɔ bi bɛma wɔ wɔn nkrataa so wɔ asiane a ɛwɔ asiane a ɛne sɛ wɔbɛfa ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde wɔn ho ahyɛ mu yi ho. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ebia wɔbɛka biribi te sɛ: "Ebia nufusu wɔ mu," "Wɔayɛ ho adwuma wɔ beae a wɔyɛ nufusu nso ho adwuma," anaa "Wɔayɛ no wɔ nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ nufusu nso so." Ɛsɛ sɛ wokwati nneɛma a kɔkɔbɔ ahorow yi wom koraa. Nanso, ɛnyɛ nnwumakuw nyinaa na mmara hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde kɔkɔbɔ ahorow yi ka wɔn nkyerɛwde ho. Enti, sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa a, ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wobɛkɔ adwumakuw no nkyɛn (wɔ telefon anaa email so) na woabisa sɛ ebia asiane wɔ aduru no mu sɛ nufusu bɛka ho anaa. Ɛtɔ da bi a, wubetumi ahu saa nsɛm yi wɔ adwumakuw no wɛbsaet hɔ.

Sɛ wodidi wɔ abɔnten, sɛ́ ɛyɛ adidibea anaa w’adamfo fie a, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ ``cross-contamination.'' Sɛ wode nnua a wɔde twitwa nneɛma, nnade, nkankyee, anaa kyɛnsee koro di dwuma de siesie nnuan ahorow a, wubetumi de nneɛma a ɛma obi ho yɛ no hyew ahyɛ w’aduan mu.

Sɛ worekɔ abɔnten a, bisa nea ɛwɔ aduan a woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubedi no mu ankasa. Afei nso, hwehwɛ sɛnea wɔasiesie no. Wɔ nnipa dodow no ara fam no, eye sɛ wode nnuan a ahobammɔ wom bɛba afi fie bere biara a ɛbɛyɛ yiye, anaasɛ wubedidi wɔ fie ansa na woakɔ abɔnten. Sɛ nnipa a worekɔ wɔn nkyɛn no, sɛ́ ebia wɔwɔ wo nnamfo fie anaasɛ wɔne wo redidi no nnim wo allergy no ho asɛm a, di kan ma wɔnhu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi asiesie aduan no ama wo anaasɛ wɔbɛhwɛ yiye. Sɛ wo nnamfo di nnuan a nufusu a wo ho yɛ wo hyew wom a, wo ne wɔn nkyɛ anonne anaa nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma (nsake, kyɛnsee, mprɛte), na nsɔ wɔn aduan no bi mpo nhwɛ.

Sɛ́ wobɛtra ase a nufusu ho ayɛ wo hyew no betumi agye bere kakra. Ɛnyɛ mmerɛw. Nanso ɛdenam ahwɛyiye kɛse a wobɛyɛ wɔ nea wudi ne nea wonom ho, ne epinephrine dodow abien a wode bɛtra wo nsam bere nyinaa sɛ ɛba sɛ wo ho yɛ wo hyew a, wubetumi ne wo akisikuru no atra ase a wunsuro na ahobammɔ wom.

Enti, nneɛma bɛn na ɛho hia sen biara a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛde fi asɛm yi mu kɔ fie?

Ebia seesei woate ase sɛ nufusu ho akisikuru nyɛ ade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛyɛ tebea a emu yɛ den a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ebetumi de nkwa ato asiane mu. Enti ma eyinom ntra w’adwenem, efisɛ ɛbɛbɔ wo ho ban:

• Kwati nufusu ne biribiara a nufusu wom koraa:Kenkan nnuan a wɔakyerɛw so no yiye. Nni nnuan a ɛyɛ adwenem naayɛ sɛ wunnim nneɛma a wɔde yɛ no a. Mfa no da sɛ "kakraa bi nyɛ hwee."
• Hwɛ yiye bere nyinaa wɔ cross-contamination ho: Hwɛ yiye titiriw bere a wudidi wɔ abɔnten anaa wudidi wɔ afoforo afie no. Hwɛ yiye nso wɔ nnwinnade a wode di dwuma wɔ adididan mu no ho.
• Fa epinephrine auto-injector dodow abien ka wo ho bere nyinaa, baabiara a wobɛkɔ: Hu sɛnea wode bedi dwuma ankasa. Hwɛ mu daa hwɛ sɛ ne bere atwam anaa. Hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne w’adɔfo nim wo Allergy Action Plan no.
• Sɛ sɛnkyerɛnne a emu yɛ den ba a, yɛ ho biribi ntɛm ara a ɛnkyɛ: fa `(Epinephrine)` di dwuma na hwehwɛ aduruyɛ mu afotu ntɛm ara (kɔ ayaresabea).
• Ɛnyɛ wo nko ara na wowɔ saa ɔko yi mu: nnipa afoforo pii wɔ wiase a wɔte saa tebea yi mu. Wo ne wo duruyɛfo, oduruyɛfo a ɔhwɛ akisikuru so nkasa, na nya mmoa, afotu, ne mmoa a wuhia.

Yɛwɔ anidaso sɛ saa nsɛm yi aboa wo. Sɛ wo anaa obi a wunim no wɔ nufusu ho sɛnkyerɛnne yi bi a, yɛsrɛ sɛ mma wo ho nnpopo na ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛkɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn. Yɛpɛ sɛ wo ho tɔ wo ntɛm na wunya asetra a ahobammɔ wom!

Nufusu mu akisikuru, Akisikuru, Nufusu mu Protein, Anaphylaxis, Epinephrine, Aduan ho akisikuru