So wo nso wunya uric acid abo wɔ w’asaabo mu? Momma yɛnhwɛ eyi yiye!

So wote ɛyaw ne ahoyeraw nso nka bere a woretow nsu no? Ebia woahyɛ no nsow sɛ mogya kakra wɔ wo nsu mu. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata ankasa sɛ wobɛte ehu nka kakra bere a biribi a ɛte sɛɛ asi no. Nanso ɛho nhia sɛ w’ani awu wɔ eyi ho anaasɛ wode sie wo ho. Efisɛ eyinom betumi ayɛ tebea bi a wɔfrɛ no “uric acid abo” a ɛba asaabo mu no ho sɛnkyerɛnne. Enti ɛnnɛ, momma yɛnka nea uric acid abo yi yɛ, sɛnea ɛyɛ, nea ɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne, sɛnea wɔsa, ne sɛnea wobesiw ano no ho asɛm nkɔ akyiri na ɛnyɛ den koraa.

Dɛn ne uric acid abo?

Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, uric acid abo yɛ asaabo mu abo ahorow anan no mu biako. Asaabo mu ɔbo yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ den ne nkyene a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu a ɛyɛ den wɔ nsu mu. Ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo ketewaa bi. Wobetumi ayɛ wɔ w’asaabo mu anaa baabiara wɔ wo nsuo mu – wo nipadua no fã a nsuo fa fi wo nipadua mu. Uric acid abo betumi ama woayɛ yaw bere a woretow ne mogya a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu (hematuria). Sɛ wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, mma wo ho nnpopo. Nanso ɛho hia sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara na woahu nea ɛyɛ ankasa na woahwɛ ahu sɛ nsɛnnennen foforo biara nni hɔ.

Dɛn ne uric acid?

Uric acid yɛ ade a wɔsɛe no wɔ yɛn mogya mu. Ɛyɛ bere a yɛn nipadua no bubu nneɛma a wɔfrɛ no ``Purines``. Wɔtaa hu purine ahorow yi wɔ nam mu, titiriw nam kɔkɔɔ te sɛ nantwinam ne mprako nam, ne nsa bi te sɛ beer ne nsa mu. Mpɛn pii no, saa uric acid yi mu dodow no ara tew wɔ mogya no mu, fa asaabo no mu, na eyi fi nipadua no mu wɔ nsu mu. Nanso, uric acid abo fi ase ba bere a:

• Sɛ uric acid dodow a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no dɔɔso yiye a .
• Sɛ wo nsu mu yɛ acid dodo bere nyinaa a .

Nneɛma abien yi nyinaa betumi anya nkɛntɛnso.

Uric acid abo abu so dɛn?

Nhwehwɛmufo ka sɛ wɔ aman te sɛ United States mu no, bɛyɛ nnipa du biara mu biako benya asaabo mu abo wɔ wɔn nkwa nna mu. Eyinom mu 8% kosi 10% yɛ uric acid abo. Mprempren tebea yi abu so wɔ Sri Lanka nso.

Dɛn ne uric acid abo ho sɛnkyerɛnne?

Uric acid abo ho sɛnkyerɛnne te sɛ asaabo mu abo ahorow afoforo de. Nsɛnkyerɛnne titiriw ne ɛyaw . Saa ɛyaw yi fi nhyɛso a efi abo no mu, sɛ́ ɛyɛ asaabo no mu anaa nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no mu, na ɛma ɛkyere anaasɛ epirapira. Ebia wobɛte ɛyaw nka:

• Wɔ yafunu no ase.
• Afã horow.
• Wɔ yafunu mu.
• Wɔ beae a ɛda asen no ntam (`Groin`).

Nsɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a wobetumi ahu ne:

• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu.
• Akisikuru anaasɛ ɔfe .
• Huraeɛ.
• Awɔw a wɔte nka (`Chills`).
• Hua bɔne a ɛwɔ nsu mu.
• Nsu a ne kɔla yɛ tuntum.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa uric acid abo yi ba?

Sɛ wo uric acid dodow dɔɔso (wɔ nnuruyɛ mu frɛ no hyperuricemia) a, uric acid ahwehwɛ fi ase yɛ. Saa uric acid ahwehwɛ yi ne nneɛma afoforo a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu bom yɛ ɔbo a ɛyɛ den. Afei ɔbo no yɛ kɛse na ɛsõ. Ebetumi akɔ asaabo no ankasa mu, anaasɛ ebetumi akɔfa nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no mu na akɔhyɛ asaabo no mu. Yɛfrɛ no ureteral ɔbo. Sɛ abo yi sua koraa a, etumi fa nsu mu fi nipadua no mu, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyaw biara nni mu anaasɛ ɛyaw kakra. Nanso sɛ wɔanyɛ saa a, wobetumi akɔhyɛ asaabo, nsukorabea, akisikuru, anaa nsukorabea, na asiw nsu a ɛsen no kwan. Ɛno na ɛyaw no ne sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo fi ase da adi, efisɛ saa abo yi sɛe nsukorade a asiw no afasu.

Dɛn ne nneɛma atitiriw a ɛde uric acid abo ba?

Nneɛma atitiriw a ɛma wo nsu mu yɛ acid kɛse ne:

Nipadua no a entumi nni uric acid anaa protein a ɛwɔ aduan mu no so yiye

Sɛ yɛn nipadua no ntumi nni uric acid anaa protein so yiye a, nsu no dan acid. Saa tebea yi taa yɛ biribi a wunya fi w’awofo hɔ. Tebea foforo a ɛfa eyi ho ne ``Gout``. Gout ma uric acid dɔɔso wɔ mogya no mu na ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ yaw ba nkwaa no mu.

Nnuan a purines pii wom a wobedi

Mmoa mu protein, te sɛ nantwinam, akokɔnam, mprako nam, nkesua, ne mpataa, wɔ purines pii. Eyinom dɔɔso titiriw wɔ mmoa akwaa te sɛ mmerɛbo ne asaabo (nantwi mma, asaabo) mu. Sɛ wudi mmoa mu protein a ɛte sɛɛ pii a, uric acid betumi ayɛ kɛse wɔ wo nsu mu. Eyi betumi ayɛ kɛse na ayɛ abo, sɛ́ ɛno nkutoo anaasɛ ɛne calcium ka ho. Nanso, ɛnyɛ aduan nkutoo na ɛtaa ma uric acid abo ba. Wɔtaa ba nnipa a wodi nnuan a purine pii wom na wɔn awosu mu nkwaadɔm a ɛma aboɔ yɛ kɛse no mu.

Nneɛma afoforo a ɛde uric acid dodow a ɛkɔ soro ba

Nneɛma afoforo pii wɔ hɔ a enti uric acid dodow betumi akɔ soro:

• Nipadua mu duru (BMI) a ɛboro 25 (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi mu duru boro so anaasɛ ɔyɛ kɛse mmoroso ).
• Nnuru ne nnuru bi a wɔde ka ho, sɛ nhwɛso no, nnuru a ɛma obi ho yɛ hyew ne nnuru a ɛma nipadua no tumi ko tia nyarewa .
• Nnuru a wɔde sa kokoram.
• Asikreyare a ɛto so abien .
• Nkyene ne asikre pii a wode bɛka aduan ho.
• Abusua abakɔsɛm a ɛfa asaabo mu abo ho.
• Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ a ɛdɔɔso a wonnya.
• Bere a wɔayɛ no oprehyɛn a ɛma obi mu duru so tew (`Bariatric oprehyɛn`).

Eyi nyinaa akyi no, sɛ woannom nsu a ɛdɔɔso a , ɛnyɛ uric acid abo nko na ɛwɔ asiane mu kɛse, na mmom asaabo mu abo ahorow afoforo nso.

Hena na ɛda adi kɛse sɛ obenya uric acid abo?

Mmarima taa nya asaabo mu abo biara. Asiane a ɛwɔ wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa mu sɛ wobenya ɔbo no bɛyɛ 19%. Wɔ mmea fam no, asiane no bɛyɛ 9%. Nnipa dodow no ara nnya asaabo mu abo ansa na wɔadi mfe 30. Nanso ebetumi anya bi ntɛm, na ɛtɔ mmere bi mpo wɔ mmofra nkumaa mu.

Dɛn ne nsɛnnennen a ebetumi afi uric acid abo mu aba?

Asaabo mu ɔbo biara ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya asaabo mu yare a enni sabea (CKD) no yɛ kɛse. Sɛ wowɔ ɔbo biako a, asiane kɛse wom sɛ wubenya ɔbo foforo wɔ mfe anum kosi ason a edi hɔ no mu. Enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu eyi.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi ahu abo a ɛwɔ uric acid?

Sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn a, obebisa w’ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm, abisa wo yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne, na wayɛ wo nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu. Sɛ osusuw sɛ wowɔ uric acid ɔbo a, ɔbɛhyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu pii de si so dua.

Dɛn ne sɔhwɛ ahorow yi?

Oduruyɛfo no betumi ahyɛ sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛmu te sɛ eyinom:

• Mogya mu nhwehwɛmu:Saa nhwehwɛmu ahorow yi betumi ahu uric acid anaa calcium pii wɔ mogya no mu, na ebetumi aboa nso ma woahu sɛ ebia tebea afoforo bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi de wo sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow no aba anaa.
• Nsuo mu nhwehwɛmu: Ebia wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa nnɔnhwerew 24 nsuo a wɔde yɛ nsuo no mfa nhwɛ sɛ uric acid ne calcium dodoɔ a ɛwɔ wo nsuo mu.
• Mfonini a wɔde yɛ nhwehwɛmu: CT scan anaa ultrasound scan betumi aboa ma wɔahu baabi pɔtee a abo wɔ wɔ nsu mu. Saa scan ahorow yi tumi hu abo nketenkete paa mpo. Wɔntaa mfa yafunu mu X-ray nni dwuma wɔ eyi mu, efisɛ ebetumi ayera abo nketewa.
• Abo mu nhwehwɛmu: Ebia wɔbɛma wo aduru titiriw bi a wɔde yiyi nsu mu na wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ fa mu tow nsu. Wɔyɛ eyi de kyere abo biara a ɛne wo nsu no tow. Afei wɔde abo no kɔ adwumayɛbea bi ma wɔyɛ mu nhwehwɛmu de hu ɔbo ko a ɛyɛ. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo no hwehwɛ ɔbo no mu wɔ saa kwan yi so a, obetumi ahu nea ɛmaa ɔbo no bae ne nea wubetumi ayɛ na amma ansan ayɛ bio.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na wɔsa uric acid abo?

Sɛ ɔbo no nnu milimita 7, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa paa a, ebetumi atwam n’ankasa. Eyi betumi agye bɛyɛ adapɛn abiɛsa. Nanso, sɛ ɔbo a ɛte saa no ankasa twam mpo a, ɛho hia paa sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa na woahu nea wubetumi ayɛ na amma uric acid abo ansi bio. Nneɛma bi a ɛba bere a wonom nsu pii ni:

• Nneɛma a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no so tew. Nsu no ma minerals no tew na ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wode wo nsu bɛtotɔ.
• Ɛhyɛ nkuran sɛ wɔtaa tow nsu, na ɛma nnuru a ebetumi ama abo ayɛ no.

Nnuruyɛfo kamfo kyerɛ sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔnom nsu a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma wɔanya nsu bɛyɛ lita 2.5 da biara. Sɛ wubetumi ayɛ nsu pii saa a, ɛsɛ sɛ wonom nsu bɛyɛ lita 3 da biara. Nea enti a ɛte saa ne sɛ yɛn nipadua no hwere nsu denam fifiri ne apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ so. Bere a ɛho hia sɛ wonom nsu biara no, nsu a wobɛnom ye sen biara .

So nnuru bi wɔ hɔ a ebetumi apete uric acid abo?

Wɔ asaabo mu abo ahorow nyinaa mu no, uric acid abo nkutoo ne nea wobetumi de nnuru apete . Nnuru ahorow pii wɔ hɔ a wɔde yɛ eyi:

• Potassium citrate aduru (sɛ nhwɛso no, Urocit-K®).
• Calcium carbonate aduru (sɛ nhwɛso no, Tums®).
• `Allopurinol` (`Allopurinol`) na ɛyɛ adwuma.

Potassium citrate anaa calcium carbonate aduru a wɔde hyɛ mu no yɛ adwuma denam wo nsu a ɛma ɛyɛ alkaline kɛse no so. Allopurinol brɛ wo uric acid dodow ase. Sɛ wo duruyɛfo kyerɛw nnuru yi a, ɛho hia sɛ wonom nsu pii ka ho. Nsu pii a wɔnom boa ma uric acid no tew. Ebia wo duruyɛfo nso bɛkyerɛw nnuru a wɔfrɛ no alpha-blockers, a ebetumi aboa ma w’asaabo ama abo ntɛmntɛm.

So ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?

Ebia ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ wo oprehyɛn sɛ wo uric acid bo no wɔ tebea horow yi mu biako mu a:

• Sɛ ɔbo no sõ yiye a .
• Sɛ esiw nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no kwan a.
• Sɛ ɛde ɔyare mmoawa ba a .
• Sɛ woankɔ abɔnten wɔ adapɛn anan anaa asia akyi a.

Oprehyɛn foforo a wɔde si ananmu no bi ne oprehyɛn a wɔmfa nnuru pii nka ho anaasɛ wɔmfa nhyɛ mu. Nhwɛso ahorow bi ne:

• Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): Nea ɛka eyi ho ne sɛ wɔde nnyigyei asorɔkye a ahoɔden wom kɛse bedi dwuma de abubu abo. Ntwitwiridii anaa biribiara nni nipadua no mu.
• ``Ureteroscopy``: Wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu no, oduruyɛfo no de adwinnade tenten bi a ɛyɛ tratraa (``endoscope``) fa wo urethra mu kɔ ureter a ayɛ basaa no mu. Afei oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no de ``kɛntɛn`` ketewaa bi yi ɔbo no. Ɛtɔ da bi a wobetumi de ``laser`` adi dwuma de abubu ɔbo no na wɔayi asinasin no afi hɔ.
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Wɔde saa kwan yi di dwuma ma abo akɛse. Oduruyɛfo a ɔyɛ oprehyɛn no twa w’akyi ketewaa bi na ɔhyɛn asaabo no mu. Afei woyi ɔbo no, anaasɛ wodi kan bubu ɔbo no na afei woyi fi hɔ.

Sɛ wɔyɛ oprehyɛn wie a, oduruyɛfo no de ɔbo no anaa ɔbo no asinasin kɔ adwumayɛbea bi ma wɔhwehwɛ mu.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nsu a wɔnom betumi aboa ma asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya uric acid abo no so atew?

Nsu dodow a wɔkamfo kyerɛ a wobɛnom da biara da no yɛ nneɛma a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ de atew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wubenya uric acid abo ne asaabo mu abo afoforo no so no mu biako. Nsu ma nneɛma fĩ a ɛwɔ wo nsu mu no yɛ mmerɛw na ɛhohoro nnuru fi mu, na ɛmma abo ntumi nkɔ.

Ɔkwan foforo bɛn so na metumi asiw uric acid abo ano?

Nneɛma afoforo bi a wubetumi ayɛ de asiw uric acid abo a ɛbɛba no ano ni:

• Anyɛ yiye koraa no, nom nsu ɔuns 91 (lita 2.7) kosi ɔuns 125 (lita 3.7) da biara. Nsu na eye sen biara .
• Kura mu duru a ɛfata a ɛfata wo mu.
• Di `DASH` (Adidi mu Akwan a Wɔfa so Gye Hypertension) adidi nhyehyɛe no akyi. Eyi betumi atew mogya mmoroso (hypertension) ne asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ obi benya asaabo mu abo no nyinaa so. (Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wodi nkyene kakraa bi na wodi nhabannuru, nnuaba, ne aburow pii).
• Fa nnuru a wo duruyɛfo akyerɛw ama wo no di dwuma na amma uric acid abo ankɔ so yiye.

Sɛ mewɔ uric acid abo a, dɛn na metumi ahwɛ kwan?

Mpɛn pii no, nkɔmhyɛ a ɛfa uric acid abo ne asaabo mu abo afoforo ho no ye. Mpɛn pii no, abo no ankasa twam. Ebia wunhia ayaresa. Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wɔde sa yare mpo a, ayaresa a ɛwɔ hɔ no tu mpɔn. Wubetumi ama wo ho atɔ wo koraa. Nanso, asiane wɔ hɔ sɛ uric acid abo bɛsan aba bio. Enti wo ne wo duruyɛfo nkasa mfa nsakrae a wobɛyɛ wɔ nea wudi ne nea wonom mu ne nneɛma afoforo a wubetumi ayɛ na amma abo antumi ansi bio no ho.

Mɛyɛ dɛn ahwɛ me ho?

Sɛ woadi kan anya uric acid abo, anaasɛ wowɔ asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya asaabo mu abo (a ɛyɛ ɔkwan biara so) a, anammɔn yi a wubedi akyi no betumi aboa wo ma woanya apɔwmuden:

• Nom nsu pii.
• Di aduan a ahoɔden wom akyi.
• Fa nnuru anaa nnuru a wɔde ka aduan ho di dwuma sɛnea wo duruyɛfo akyerɛ wo no pɛpɛɛpɛ.
• Sɛ wote ɛyaw a emu yɛ den anaa sɛnkyerɛnne afoforo a ɛhaw adwene a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara.

Sɛ wowɔ uric acid abo a, nnuan bɛn na ɛnsɛ sɛ wudi?

Kwati nnuan a purines pii wom anaasɛ to ano hye. Sɛ wudi purines pii a, wo nipadua no ma uric acid pii ba. Sɛ uric acid dodow dɔɔso a, wo nsu mu yɛ acid kɛse, na ebetumi ama uric acid abo ayɛ. Nnuan a purine pii wom ho nhwɛso bi ne:

• Nam kɔkɔɔ (nantwinam, mpapo nam, mprako nam).
• Mmoa mu akwaa (dwensɔtwaa, akyi berɛmo, amemene, asaabo).
• Beer ne nsa afoforo a wɔnom.
• Sauces a wɔde nam (`Gravies`) ayɛ.
• Mpataa nketewa te sɛ sardines, sprats, ne halibut, ne ɛpo mu nnuan te sɛ oysters, shrimp, ne crab.

Ɛyɛ adwene pa nso sɛ wobɛto nnuan ne anonne a asikre pii wom ano hye, titiriw nea ``High-fructose corn syrup'' wom. Ɛyɛ adwene pa sɛ wubedi nneɛma yi pii:

• Nnuaba ne nhabannuru.
• Aburow a wɔayam no yiye.
• Nufusu a srade nnim.

Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?

Sɛ wususuw sɛ wowɔ uric acid ɔbo na wowɔ saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi a, kɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn ntɛm ara anaa kɔ baabi a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ yare a egye ntɛmpɛ:

• Atiridiinini a ɛboro digrii Celsius 38.6 (101.5 Fahrenheit).
• Ɔhyew anaa ɛyaw a emu yɛ den bere a ɔreto nsu no.
• Ɛyaw a wontumi nnyina ano.
• Mogya a ɛwɔ nsu mu.
• Akisikuru ne ɔfe a ɛkɔ so tra hɔ.
• Sɛ wowɔ tebea bi a ɛde wo to asiane kɛse mu sɛ wubenya nsɛnnennen a efi asaabo mu abo te sɛ asikreyare, asaabo biako pɛ a wowɔ, anaa asaabo mu haw afoforo mu ba a.

Nsɛm bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mibisa oduruyɛfo no?

• Ayaresa kwan bɛn na eye ma me?
• So ebehia sɛ wɔyɛ me oprehyɛn?
• Dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ na amma uric acid abo ansi bio?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ nsakrae bi wɔ nea midi ne nea menom mu?
• So ɛsɛ sɛ menom nnuru a wɔde ka ho anaa nnuru bi?