So woasusuw nea enti a yɛn ho fifiri fifiri bere a yɛretu mmirika na yɛadi agoru, nea enti a yɛn ho popo wɔ da a awɔw wom, anaa sɛnea yebetumi ada hɔ sɛ yedidi akyiri kakra mpo bere a ɔkɔm de yɛn no ho pɛn? Eyi nyinaa akyi no, nhyehyɛe bi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛyɛ adwuma ankasa wɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Ɛnnɛ yɛrebɛka saa adeyɛ a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi a ɛho hia ma yɛn nkwa, a wɔfrɛ no Homeostasis no ho asɛm.
Dɛn ne homeostasis kɛkɛ?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, homeostasis yɛ adeyɛ a nipadua no nam so ma yɛn nipadua no mu nneɛma te sɛ ɔhyew , asikre dodow , ne nsu a ɛwɔ mu no kɔ so yɛ nea ɛkɔ so daa, ɛmfa ho sɛnea akyi nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no sesa no. Ɛte sɛ ‘auto-pilot’ a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Bere tenten a saa nhyehyɛe yi reyɛ adwuma yiye no, yɛwɔ apɔwmuden. Nanso sɛ wɔsɛe saa kari pɛ yi a, ebetumi ama obi anya yare ne owu mpo.
Susuw AC a ɛwɔ wo fie ho. Sɛ wode si 24°C a, sɛ dan no mu hyew kɔ soro boro saa dodow no a, AC no sɔ na ɛma dan no mu yɛ nwini. Sɛ ɔhyew no kɔ fam sen 24°C a, compressor no dum na ɛma ɔhyew no san kɔ sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Homeostasis yɛ biribi te sɛ eyi. Yɛn nipadua no bɔ mmɔden bere nyinaa sɛ ɛbɛma biribiara akɔ so ayɛ ‘beae pɔtee bi’.
Nneɛma atitiriw bi a ɛbɛma yɛn nipadua ayɛ nea ɛkari pɛ wɔ saa adeyɛ yi mu ni:
| Ade a ɛhyɛ so | Nkyerɛkyerɛmu a ɛnyɛ den |
|---|---|
| Nipadua mu Ɔhyew | Ɔhyew a ɛfata a wobɛkɔ so akura mu denam ɔhyew a wobɛfifiri ne awɔw mu a wobɛpopo so. |
| Mogya mu Asikre | Asikre dodow a wɔde di dwuma denam nkwaadɔm insulin ne glucagon so. |
| Mogya Nhyɛso | Mogya mmoroso a wɔbɛhwɛ so denam koma a ɛbɔ ne mogya ntini a ɛtrɛw a wɔbɛsakra so. |
| Nsu ne Electrolytes | Asaabo no ma nipadua no mu nsu kari pɛ denam nsu dodow a ɛsakra no so. |
Ɔkwan bɛn so na saa adeyɛ yi yɛ adwuma?
Adeyɛ a ɛma homeostasis yɛ adwuma no nam afã atitiriw abiɛsa a wɔaka abom so. Momma yensusuw ho te sɛ ahobammɔ nhyehyɛe.
1. Receptor: Eyi ne ‘sentinel’ a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu. Nsakrae biara a ɛba nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia mu wɔ nipadua no mu anaa akyi (sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro, mogya mmoroso a ɛso tew ) no, saa ntini ahorow yi di kan hu. Eyinom betumi ayɛ nkwammoaa anaa ntini ahorow. Sɛ wohu nsakrae no wie a, saa ‘sentinel’ yi de nkra kɔ control center no so.
2. Control Center: Eyi ne ‘Ahobammɔ Dwumadibea’. Saa mfinimfini yi taa wɔ yɛn amemene mu (titiriw wɔ ɔfã bi a wɔfrɛ no Hypothalamus). Bere a wɔanya nkrasɛm no afi ‘ɔwɛmfo’ no hɔ akyi no, saa beae yi na esi nea wɔbɛyɛ ho gyinae. Ɛma ahyɛde te sɛ, "Okay, wo nipadua mu hyew korɔn sen sɛnea ɛte daa, ɛsɛ sɛ wobrɛ ase."
3. Effector: Oyi ne nea ɔyɛ ‘Action’ no. Ɔno na ɔyɛ ahyɛde a efi control center no mu ba no so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, sɛ ɔhyew no kɔ soro a, fifiri ntini no yɛ adwuma na efi ase fifiri sɛnea nkrasɛm a efi beae a wɔhwɛ so no kyerɛ no. Afei nipadua no dwo. Sɛ mogya mmoroso kɔ soro a, dwumadi ahorow te sɛ koma a ɛbɔ brɛoo anaasɛ mogya ntini a ɛtrɛw kɔ so.
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, sensor no hu nsonsonoe no, control center no si gyinae, na actuator no de saa gyinaesi no di dwuma. Ɛyɛ biakoyɛ a ɛwɔ saa baasa yi mu na ɛma nipadua no kari pɛ.
Nneɛma a Wɔde Ma Nsɛm a Wɔka
Yɛn nipadua no wɔ akwan titiriw abien a yɛbɛfa so akura saa kari pɛ yi mu.
- Nsɛm a enye: Eyi ne ɔkwan a wɔtaa fa so yɛ homeostasis. Nea ɛba bere a biribi kɔ akyiri sen sɛnea ɛte daa no, ne sɛ wɔsan de ba sɛnea ɛte daa no mu. Te sɛ AC no ara pɛ. Sɛ ɔhyew no kɔ soro a, ɛso tew. Sɛ asikre dodow kɔ soro a, ɛso tew. Sɛ mogya mmoroso kɔ soro a, ɛso tew. Ɛba bere nyinaa denam biribi a ɛne nsakrae no bɔ abira a wɔyɛ na wɔkari pɛ so.
- Nsɛm Pa: Eyi yɛ nea ɛntaa nsi kakra na ɛyɛ soronko. Eyi hwehwɛ sɛ wɔma adeyɛ bi a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw no yɛ kɛse na wɔma ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm . Nhwɛso a eye sen biara ne mogya a ɛtwetwe . Sɛ wotwa wo nsa a, wo mogya fi ase twitwa. Saa adwinnade a ɛma mogya tu no ma mogya no tu ntɛmntɛm na ɛma mogya no gyae ntɛmntɛm. Nhwɛso foforo a ɛkyerɛ sɛnea wɔka nsɛm pa yi ne awotwaa no a ɛtwetwe bere a wɔrewo no.
Dɛn nti na homeostasis ho hia yɛn saa?
Homeostasis ne yɛn asetra. Sɛ saa adeyɛ yi nni hɔ a, nkwammoaa a ɛwɔ yɛn nipadua mu no ntumi nyɛ adwuma. Fa no sɛ yɛn nipadua mu hyew sesa ara kwa bere a nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no hyew no. Enti, ɔhyew a ano yɛ den mu no, yɛn nkwammoaa tumi wuwu.
Saa kari a ɛnkari pɛ yi ne nea ɛde nyarewa pii ba .
Sɛ nhwɛso no, Asikreyare yɛ ade a asɛe wɔ homeostasis nhyehyɛe a ɛhwɛ asikre dodow so wɔ mogya mu no mu. Mpɛn pii no, asikre dodow a ɛkɔ soro bere a yedidi no , hormone Insulin a dwensɔtwaa no gyae no na ɛhwɛ so. Sɛ asikre dodow so tew bere a ɔkɔm de no a, hormone Glucagon no fi adi ma ɛsan ba sɛnea na ɛte kan no. Wɔ asikreyare mu no, saa adeyɛ yi nsi yiye. Ɛno nti na ɛsɛ sɛ yɛnom nnuru a efi abɔnten na ama yɛasan akari pɛ yi.
Enti, sɛ wote nka sɛ wo nipadua no nkari pɛ anaasɛ nsakrae biara ba a, ɛho hia yiye sɛ wo ne wo duruyɛfo bɛkasa afa ho ampa. Sɛ wɔsa yare yiye a, mpɛn pii no wobetumi asan de homeostasis a asɛe no aba.
Dɛn na yebetumi ayɛ na ama yɛakari pɛ yi?
Nsakrae nketenkete a yɛbɛyɛ wɔ yɛn asetra kwan mu no betumi ama nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ nwonwa yi aboa kɛse.
- Da sɛnea ɛsɛ: Dae ho hia na ama nipadua no asiesie ne hormone ahorow a ɛkari pɛ.
- Di aduan a ɛkari pɛ: Sɛ wudi nnuan a ahoɔden wom a, ɛma nipadua no nya ahoɔden ne aduannuru a ehia.
- Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ daa: Apɔw-mu-teɛteɛ ma asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu, koma akwahosan, ne adwene mu akwahosan tu mpɔn.
- Nom nsu a ɛdɔɔso: Nsu ho hia na ama nipadua no hyew ayɛ yiye na ama nneɛma pii akɔ so.
- Di adwennwen ho dwuma: Adwennwen a enni sabea betumi asɛe hormone ahorow a ɛkari pɛ. Nneɛma te sɛ nsusuwii ne yoga betumi aboa wɔ eyi mu.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Homeostasis yɛ adeyɛ a ɛba ara kwa a ɛma tebea a ɛyɛ den na ɛkari pɛ kɔ so tra yɛn nipadua mu, ɛmfa ho sɛnea akyi nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia no sesa kɛse no.
- Saa adeyɛ yi di nneɛma pii a ɛho hia ma nkwa, te sɛ nipadua mu hyew, asikre a ɛwɔ mogya mu, ne mogya mmoroso so.
- Saa adeyɛ yi wɔ afã abiɛsa: sensor ahorow, control centers, ne actuators.
- Homeostasis a wɔsɛe no de nyarewa pii te sɛ asikreyare ba.
- Asetra pa a yebedi akyi no betumi aboa ma yɛakura saa abɔde mu kari pɛ yi mu wɔ yɛn nipadua mu.
- Sɛ wuhu nsakrae bi a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛtra hɔ kyɛ wɔ wo nipadua mu a, wo ne wo duruyɛfo nka ho asɛm.
homeostasis, kari pɛ, nipadua mu hyew, mogya mmoroso, asikreyare, hormone, akwahosan
💬 Comments (0)
Wɔnnya nyɛɛ nsɛm biara. Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho wɔ ha nea edi kan.
Fa wo nsɛm no ka ho