Duk mun san game da hawan jini, ko "hawan jini." Amma kun taɓa jin labarin wani yanayi inda matsin lamba a cikin wani babban jijiyoyin jini na musamman a cikin hanta yake ƙaruwa? A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan 'Hawan jini na Portal.' Duk da cewa sunan yana da ɗan rikitarwa, wannan yanayi ne da zai iya shafar lafiyar hantarmu sosai. Don haka kada ku damu, a yau za mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe, ta hanyar da za ku iya fahimta.
Menene ainihin cutar hawan jini ta Portal?
Domin fahimtar wannan, bari mu fara duba wani abu mai ban mamaki da ke faruwa a jikinmu. Duk jinin da ke ɗauke da sinadarai masu gina jiki daga cikinka, hanjinka, da saifa yana taruwa ya shiga hanta ta cikin babban jijiyarka. Wannan babban jijiyar ana kiranta da "jigon portal." A takaice dai, wannan shine babban abin da ke samar da jini ga hanta.
Yanzu ka yi tunanin akwai babban "cinkoson ababen hawa" a wani wuri a cikin wannan babban jijiyar, wato, a cikin hanta. Idan wani abu ya lalace a cikin hanta kuma ƙananan jijiyoyin jini da ke ciki suka toshe, jinin da ke shigowa ba zai iya gudana yadda ya kamata ba. Me zai faru to? Hawan jini a cikin babban jijiyar portal da sauran jijiyoyin da ke da alaƙa da shi yana ƙaruwa sosai. Wannan shine abin da muke kira Portal Hypertension .
Idan wannan matsin lamba ya ƙaru, jini yana ƙoƙarin ya ratsa wasu ƙananan jijiyoyin jini masu rauni. Sannan waɗannan jijiyoyin (musamman waɗanda ke cikin esophagus da ciki) suna kumbura, suna zama kamar balan-balan, kuma suna iya fashewa da zubar jini cikin sauƙi. Muna kiran waɗannan jijiyoyin jini masu kumburi jijiyoyin jini na varicose . Wannan ita ce mafi haɗarin wannan cuta.
Mene ne dalilan wannan yanayin?
Babban abin da ke haifar da hawan jini a hanta shine cirrhosis na hanta . A taƙaice dai, cirrhosis yanayi ne da hanta ke lalacewa akai-akai saboda wani dalili kuma hanta ke tauri saboda tabon da ke fitowa yayin da raunuka ke warkewa. Kamar yadda tabo ke fitowa a fatar jikinmu lokacin da rauni ya warke. Wannan tabon yana toshe kwararar jini a cikin hanta.
Akwai manyan dalilai da dama da ke sa hanta ta lalace:
- Shan barasa fiye da kima.
- Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar Hepatitis B da C.
- Ciwon Hanta Mai Kiba.
Baya ga wannan, wannan yanayin na iya faruwa ne sakamakon toshewar jini a cikin jijiyoyin portal, wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (misali Schistosomiasis), da sauran dalilai marasa yawa. Wani lokaci, ba za a iya samun takamaiman dalili ba.
Mene ne alamun cutar hawan jini ta Portal?
A mafi yawan lokuta, babu takamaiman alamu a farkon matakin wannan cutar. Alamomin suna bayyana ne kawai lokacin da matsalolin da muka tattauna suka taso. Idan likita ya gaya maka cewa kana da cutar hanta, yana da matukar muhimmanci ka san waɗannan alamomin.
| Alama/matsala | Menene ma'anar wannan? |
|---|---|
| Zubar da Jini a Cikin Abinci | Amai da jini, baƙar fata, bayan gida mai tauri, ko kuma zubar jini tare da bayan gida. Wannan ya faru ne saboda fashewar jijiyoyin jini da suka kumbura (varices). Wannan lamari ne na gaggawa. |
| Ascites | Cikin yana kumbura saboda tarin ruwa a cikin ciki. Wasu kuma suna kiran wannan "mahodaraya". |
| Ruɗani a Hankali (Encephalopathy) | Rashin aikin hanta yana haifar da guba a cikin jini zuwa kwakwalwa, wanda ke haifar da rudani, mantuwa, barci, da canje-canje a halaye. |
| Rage ƙwayoyin jini | Ragewar sinadarin platelets, wanda ke taimakawa wajen toshewar jini, na iya haifar da rauni cikin sauƙi ko raguwar ƙwayoyin jinin fari, waɗanda ke yaƙi da cututtuka. |
Ka tuna, idan ka yi amai da jini ko kuma ka yi baƙar bayan gida, to gaggawa ce. Ya kamata ka je Sashen Gaggawa na Asibiti mafi kusa (ETU) nan da nan.
Menene hanyoyin magancewa?
Abin takaici, ba za a iya warkar da ainihin abin da ke haifar da hawan jini ta hanyar Portal ba. Saboda haka, babban burin magani shine hana da kuma magance matsalolin, musamman zubar jini daga varices.
1. Maganin Endoscopic
Wannan shine na farko da ake amfani da shi don magance jijiyoyin varicose.
- Haɗi: Ana saka endoscope, bututu mai kyamara, ta bakin kuma a sanya ƙaramin roba a kusa da jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke rufe jijiyar.
- Maganin Sclerotherapy:Wannan ya ƙunshi allurar maganin da ke toshe jini a cikin jijiya.
2. Magunguna
- Magungunan hana beta: Magunguna kamar Propranolol suna rage matsin lamba a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin portal kuma suna rage haɗarin zubar jini.
- Maganin Diuretics: Idan cikin ya cika da ruwa (ascites), ana ba da waɗannan magunguna don cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki.
- Lactulose: Wannan maganin yana taimakawa wajen magance matsalar kwakwalwa.
3. Canje-canje a salon rayuwa
Wannan muhimmin bangare ne.
- A daina shan barasa gaba ɗaya.
- Kada ka sha maganin rage radadi, wasu magunguna, ko shayin ganye ba tare da ka fara tuntubar likitanka ba. Wasu magunguna na iya zama illa ga hanta.
- Rage yawan gishirin da kake sha (sodium). Ka ci kamar yadda likitanka ya umarta.
- Idan kana da ruɗani a cikin kwakwalwa, za a iya tambayarka ka rage cin abinci mai wadataccen furotin.
Wasu takamaiman jiyya
Idan magungunan da ke sama suka gaza shawo kan zubar jini ko kumburin ciki, likitoci na iya amfani da hanyoyin magancewa masu rikitarwa. Waɗannan suna aiki ta hanyar rage matsin lamba a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin portal.
- TSIRA (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt): Wannan ba tiyata ba ce. A cikin wannan, ana saka ƙaramin bututu (stent) ta hanta ƙarƙashin jagorancin X-ray, yana ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanya tsakanin jijiyar portal da wata jijiyar da ke barin hanta. Wannan yana canza kwararar jini kuma yana rage matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin. Wannan magani ne mai nasara fiye da kashi 90%.
- DSRS (Distal Splenorenal Shunt): Wannan tiyata ce. A cikin wannan, jijiyar splenonic tana da alaƙa da jijiyar koda ta hagu. Wannan kuma yana rage matsin lamba kuma yana sarrafa kwararar jini. Duk da haka, ba a amfani da wannan a yanzu.
- Dashen Hanta: Wannan wataƙila ita ce mafita ɗaya tilo ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hanta ta ƙarshe.
Bayan irin waɗannan jiyya, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyarka ka bi umarnin likita da kuma alƙawarin bin diddigin marasa lafiya daidai . Duban jini da gwaje-gwajen jini da aka yi a wannan lokacin na iya taimakawa wajen tantance nasarar maganin.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Hawan jini a cikin hanta (portal haeating) wani abu ne da ke haifar da hauhawar jini a jijiyoyin jini na hanta. Babban abin da ke haifar da hakan shi ne wata cuta da ake kira cirrhosis.
- Idan kana da alamun kamar amai da jini, baƙar bayan gida, ko kumburin ciki, kada ka yi watsi da su. Ga likitanka nan da nan.
- Babban burin magani shine a shawo kan matsaloli masu haɗari kamar zubar jini.
- Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a guji shan barasa gaba ɗaya, a sha magani kamar yadda likitan ya umarta, sannan a bi tsarin cin abinci mai ƙarancin gishiri.
- Kada ka ji tsoron wannan cuta ka sha wahala kai kaɗai. Ka yi magana a fili da likitanka ka sami magani da shawara mai kyau.
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