Kitsen Jiki (Lipids): Nagari, Mara Kyau, da Abin da Ya Kamata Mu Sani

Shin kun taɓa ganin kalmomi kamar Cholesterol da Triglycerides idan kun duba rahoton jini? Wataƙila likitanku ya gaya muku, "Kolestarol ɗinku ya ɗan yi yawa, ku yi hankali." Duk muna jin tsoron kalmar 'cholesterol', ko ba haka ba? Amma menene ainihin waɗannan Lipids, ko kuma kamar yadda muke kiransu, kitsen da ke jikinmu? Shin suna da illa ga jikinmu ne kawai? Ko akwai wasu masu kyau? Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a yau don mu warware duk tambayoyin da kuke da su a zuciya.

A taƙaice dai, menene waɗannan lipids?

A taƙaice dai, lipids rukuni ne na sinadarai a jikinmu waɗanda ke da siffar mai ko kakin zuma. Babban bambanci shine ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwa. Ka yi tunanin idan ka saka man kwakwa a cikin gilashin ruwa, zai yi iyo a saman, amma ba zai haɗu da ruwan ba, ko? Haka ake samun lipids a cikin jininmu.

Waɗannan kitse suna da mahimmanci ga ayyuka masu mahimmanci a jikinmu. Wannan yana nufin cewa kitse ba wai kawai yana da "mummuna" ba ne. Amma kamar komai, matsaloli suna tasowa idan akwai su da yawa.

Nau'ikan lipids da muke yawan ji game da su da labaransu

Idan muka yi magana game da lipids, yana da muhimmanci mu san wasu muhimman 'yan wasa. Wataƙila kun taɓa jin waɗannan sunayen a baya.

1. Cholesterol: Wannan shine sanannen memba na dangin lipid. Cholesterol yana da mahimmanci ga jikinmu don shan kitse da bitamin da kuma samar da hormones.

2. Triglycerides: Waɗannan su ne babbar hanyar da jikinmu ke adana kuzari. Karin adadin kuzari da muke samu daga abincin da muke ci jiki ne ke mayar da su triglycerides kuma a adana su a cikin ƙwayoyin mai.

Amma akwai ɗan matsala a nan. Kamar yadda na ambata a baya, cholesterol da triglycerides ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwa. Jininmu galibi ruwa ne. To ta yaya suke tafiya ta cikin jini a ko'ina cikin jiki?

Waɗannan lipoproteins sune inda labarin cholesterol 'mai kyau' da 'mara kyau' da muka ji labarinsa ya dogara.

Sauran fa'idodin lipids ga jikinmu

Baya ga matsalar cholesterol, lipids suna da wasu fa'idodi da yawa ga jikinmu.

• Ajiye makamashi da jigilarsa: Triglycerides suna aiki a matsayin babban wurin ajiyar makamashi a jikinmu.
• Aika saƙonni zuwa ƙwayoyin halitta: Hormones na steroid wani nau'in lipid ne da ke aika saƙonni tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta a jikinmu.
• Taimakawa wajen narkewar abinci: Gishirin bile, wanda hanta ke samarwa ta amfani da cholesterol, yana taimakawa wajen narke kitsen da ke cikin abincin da muke ci.
• Kare ƙwayoyin halitta: Kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu tana da wani abu da ke rufe ta waje. Wannan ana kiransa membrane na ƙwayar halitta. Wannan abu ya ƙunshi lipids. Yana kama da ƙofar gida. Wannan abin da ke rufe lipids yana ƙayyade wanda zai iya shiga ƙwayar halitta da kuma wanda zai iya fita.

Cututtukan da ke faruwa lokacin da matakan lipid suka lalace

A al'ada, jikinmu yana samar da adadin lipids da yake buƙata. Amma wani lokacin wannan daidaito yana ɓacewa. Sannan, cututtuka daban-daban na iya faruwa.

• Hyperlipidemia: Wannan ƙaruwa ne da yawa a cikin matakan lipid (cholesterol, triglycerides) a cikin jini.
• Hypolipidemia: Wannan ƙarancin sinadarin lipids ne a cikin jini. Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba.
• Atherosclerosis: Wannan shine mafi haɗari sakamakon. LDL ko "mummunan" cholesterol yana taruwa a bangon jijiyoyin jini, yana sa su yi tauri da tauri daga ciki. Wannan shine abin da muke kira "ƙarfafa jijiyoyin jini."
• Ciwon Jijiyoyin Zuciya: Yanayi ne da ke faruwa sakamakon toshewar jijiyoyin jini da ke samar da jini ga zuciya. Wannan na iya haifar da bugun zuciya.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Ƙara yawan triglycerides a cikin jini.

Akwai wasu alamu da ke nuna yawan sinadarin lipid?

Abu mafi haɗari a nan shi ne cewa mutane da yawa ba sa fuskantar wata alama, komai yawan cholesterol ɗinsu a jini . Shi ya sa wasu mutane ke kiransa "mai kisan kai mai shiru." Alamomin suna bayyana ne kawai bayan jijiyoyin jini sun yi ƙanƙanta sosai.

Koyaya, wasu mutane da ke da babban matakin cholesterol na iya fuskantar alamun kamar: +

• Xanthelasma: Ƙananan kumbura masu launin rawaya a fatar da ke kewaye da idanu, musamman a cikin ido.
• Xanthoma: Kumburi ne da ke samuwa ta hanyar ajiyar kitse a ƙarƙashin fata a wasu sassan jiki, musamman a kusa da haɗin gwiwar gaɓoɓi.
• Kuraje na Corneal: Zoben fari ko launin toka a kusa da cornea na ido. Wannan abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare yayin da muke tsufa, amma idan ka ga wannan a cikin matashi, yana iya zama alamar yawan cholesterol.

Ta yaya zan san ainihin matakan lipid dina?

Hanya ɗaya tilo da za a iya sanin matakin lipids a jikinka ita ce a yi gwajin jini da ake kira lipid profile . Wannan gwajin jini ne mai sauƙi.

Haka kuma, ku guji yin wannan gwajin lokacin da kuke rashin lafiya ko kuma kuna cikin damuwa, domin sakamakon zai iya ɗan bambanta a irin waɗannan lokutan. Haka kuma ku gaya wa likitan ku game da duk wani magani da kuke sha.

Me lambobin da ke cikin rahoton suka ce?

Yawanci, ƙimar da ke cikin rahoton Bayanin Lipid kamar haka ne (waɗannan ƙima ce ta al'ada, kuma likitanka zai iya daidaita manufofin bisa ga yanayin lafiyarka):

• Jimlar Cholesterol: Kasa da 200 mg/dL shine mafi kyau.
• Cholesterol na LDL ("mara kyau"): Kasa da 130 mg/dL yana da kyau. Amma idan kuna da ciwon suga ko cututtukan zuciya, likitanku zai iya ba da shawarar a ajiye shi ƙasa da 100 mg/dL ko ma 70 mg/dL.
• Cholesterol na HDL ("mai kyau"): Ana ɗaukar sama da 60 mg/dL a matsayin amintacce. Girman wannan shine mafi kyau.
• Triglycerides: Kasa da 150 mg/dL yana da kyau.

Abubuwan da Za Mu Iya Yi Don Magance Matakan Lipid

Labari mai daɗi shine cewa matakan lipid za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar canza salon rayuwarmu.

1. Canje-canje a cikin abinci

• Rage kitse mai kitse: Waɗannan su ne manyan maƙiyan da ke ƙara yawan LDL ɗinmu. Rage yawan abinci gwargwadon yiwuwa tare da yawan madarar kwakwa, abinci mai mai, jan nama (nama, alade), kayayyakin kiwo masu kitse (cuku, man shanu), da abinci mai sauri.
• Zaɓi mai mai kyau: Goro kamar man zaitun, man canola, avocado, gyada, da cashew suna ɗauke da kitse mai lafiya.
• Ku ci abinci mai yawan fiber: Ku ƙara yawan hatsi (shinkafa mai launin ruwan kasa, hatsi, sha'ir), kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da wake (wake, wake, wake kore) a cikin abincinku. Fiber yana taimakawa wajen cire cholesterol daga jiki.
• Rage cin abinci mai sukari da fulawa: Abubuwa kamar abubuwan sha masu zaki, kek, biskit, da burodi suna ƙara yawan sinadarin triglyceride a cikin jini.

2. Motsa Jiki

Ta hanyar yin motsa jiki kamar tafiya mai sauri, gudu, hawa keke, ko iyo na tsawon akalla mintuna 30 a rana, aƙalla kwana 5 a mako, za ku iya ƙara yawan cholesterol ɗin ku na "kyakkyawa" HDL da rage matakan LDL da triglyceride "mara kyau".

3. Sauran canje-canje a salon rayuwa

• Kiyaye nauyin jiki mai kyau: Yayin da nauyin jiki ke ƙaruwa, matakan lipid suma suna ƙaruwa. Rage ko da ƙaramin nauyi na iya yin babban canji.
• A guji shan taba gaba ɗaya: Shan taba yana rage matakan cholesterol na HDL ("mai kyau") kuma yana lalata tasoshin jini, yana hanzarta tsarin atherosclerosis.
• Barci mai kyau: Samun isasshen barci na awanni 7-9 a rana shima yana da matukar muhimmanci ga lafiya gaba daya.
• Bi shawarar likitanka: Idan ba za a iya sarrafa matakan lipid ɗinka ba tare da canje-canjen salon rayuwa kaɗai, likitanka zai iya rubuta maka magani. Statins su ne nau'in magunguna da aka fi amfani da su. Akwai kuma wasu magunguna kamar su bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, da PCSK9 inhibitors . Yana da mahimmanci a sha magungunan da likitanka ya umarta kamar yadda aka umarta.