Shin ka taɓa tunanin hantarka? Duk da cewa mukan yi magana game da abubuwa kamar zuciya da kwakwalwa, hanta kuma wata gabobi ce mai ban mamaki wadda take yin ayyuka masu yawa a cikin jikinmu a hankali amma ba makawa . Kamar ma'aikaci ne mai shiru a jikinmu. Don haka, a yau za mu yi magana dalla-dalla game da abokinmu hanta, aikin da take yi, matsalolin da take iya haifarwa, da kuma yadda za a kula da ita, ko?
Menene ainihin hanta?
A taƙaice dai, hanta wata babbar gaɓa ce a jikinmu, haka kuma wata gaɓa ce ta gland . Wannan yana nufin tana aiki a matsayin gaɓa da kuma wani gaɓa da ke samar da abubuwa kamar furotin da hormones da jiki ke buƙata.
Ka yi tunanin cewa hanta tana kama da soso, mai siffar kusurwoyi, launin ruwan kasa ja-ja, kuma tana da girman ƙwallon ƙafa . Duk da haka, wannan girman na iya bambanta dangane da tsayinka da nauyinka. Hanta babba tana da nauyin kimanin kilogiram 1.3, wanda hakan ya sa ta zama babbar gaɓar jiki a jikinmu.
A mafi yawan lokuta, hanta tana gefen dama na jikinmu, a ƙasan haƙarƙari. Duk da haka, akwai wata matsala da ba kasafai ake samunta ba da ake kira `(Situs Inversus)`, inda hantar wasu mutane za ta iya kasancewa a gefen hagu.
A fannin likitanci, muna kiran cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da hanta da 'yanayin hanta'. Muna kiran likitocin da suka ƙware a fannin hanta da 'masu ilimin hanta'.
To, wace irin hidima wannan hanta ke yi wa jikinmu?
Kai! Akwai ɗaruruwan ayyuka da hanta ke yi. Amma bari mu yi magana game da wasu daga cikin muhimman ayyuka don rayuwa :
- Yana tsarkake jini: Duk wani guba da ke taruwa a cikin jininmuBabban aikin hanta shine cire guba, wato abubuwan da ke cutar da jiki, da kuma tsarkake jini. Yana kama da matattarar ruwa a jikinmu.
- Yana cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja: Idan ƙwayoyin jinin ja da ke cikin jininmu suka tsufa, hanta tana cire su.
- Hanta ce ke samar da bile: Hanta tana samar da wani ruwa da ake kira bile wanda ke taimaka mana wajen narkar da abincin da muke ci. Wannan bile yana taimaka mana wajen narkar da abinci mai kitse.
- Yana sarrafa sinadaran gina jiki: Wani muhimmin aikin hanta shine "haɓaka" furotin, carbohydrates, da kitsen da muke samu daga abincin da muke ci domin jikinmu ya yi amfani da su.
- Yana taimakawa wajen toshewar jini: Hanta kuma tana samar da wasu sinadarai da ke taimakawa wajen toshewar jini, wanda ke taimakawa wajen dakatar da zubar jini idan akwai rauni a wani wuri.
- Yana sarrafa yawan jini: Hanta kuma tana taimakawa wajen sarrafa jimlar yawan jinin da ke jikinmu.
- Yana adana kuzari da bitamin: Jiki yana adana kuzari (ana adana shi azaman glycogen) da bitamin (misali bitamin A , D, E, K, B12) don amfani da shi a hanta daga baya.
Yanzu ka fahimta, ko ba haka ba? Hanta ba ƙaramin mutum ba ce. Waɗannan kaɗan ne daga cikin manyan ayyuka. Bugu da ƙari, hanta tana yin ɗaruruwan wasu ayyuka a hankali.
Menene sassan hanta?
Hanta galibi tana ƙunshe da manyan lobes guda biyu : lobe na dama da lobe na hagu.
Akwai jijiyoyin jini da yawa a cikin wannan gabar. Jinin da ke jikinmu yana ratsawa ta waɗannan jijiyoyin zuwa hanta, inda ake tsarkake shi. Hanta, a takaice, tana aiki kamar tsarin tacewa mai ƙarfi , tana cire gubobi da sharar da ba dole ba daga jini. Waɗannan abubuwan da aka cire ana fitar da su daga jiki da fitsari da najasa.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin waɗannan manyan bututun akwai dubban ƙananan bututu da ake kira lobules. Waɗannan lobules suna da alaƙa da ƙananan bututu da yawa da ake kira bututun bile waɗanda ke ɗaukar bile da aka samar a cikin hanta zuwa ƙaramin hanji.
Wadanne cututtuka ne zasu iya shafar hanta?
Abin takaici, akwai wasu cututtuka da dama da za su iya lalata hantarmu mai daraja, wato, su haifar da cutar hanta. Wasu daga cikinsu sune:
| Rukunin cututtuka | Misalai |
|---|---|
| Cututtukan da guba ke haifarwa | Cutar hanta da ke faruwa sakamakon yawan shan barasa, hanta mai kitse. |
| Cututtukan gado | Hemochromatosis, cutar Wilson. |
| Ciwon daji | Ciwon hanta (Cancer na hanta). |
| Matsalolin tsarin garkuwar jiki | Ciwon hanta na autoimmune, babban cholangitis na biliary. |
| Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta | Hepatitis A, B, C. |
Da yawa daga cikin waɗannan cututtukan na iya haifar da lalacewar hanta a tsawon lokaci, ma'ana tabo a hanta, wanda ke haifar da yanayi mai haɗari da ake kira cirrhosis . Cirrhosis yanayi ne da aikin hanta ke da matuƙar rauni.
Idan akwai matsalar hanta, waɗanne alamomi muke ji?
To, yanzu bari mu ga yadda jikinmu zai sanar da mu idan akwai matsala ko kuma akwai matsala da hanta. Menene waɗannan alamun?
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman alamomin cutar jaundice shine jaundice . Wataƙila ka ga wasu mutane waɗanda fatarsu da farin idanunsu suka koma rawaya. Wannan shine jaundice. Dalilin haka shine wani abu mai launin rawaya da ake kira bilirubin yana ƙaruwa a cikin jini. Wannan bilirubin wani abu ne da ake samarwa lokacin da hanta ke lalata tsoffin ƙwayoyin jini masu ja. Don haka, yawan bilirubin a cikin jini alama ce da ke nuna cewa akwai matsala a hanta.
Baya ga jaundice, akwai wasu alamu da dama:
- Tarin ruwa a cikin ciki (likitoci suna kiransa "ascites"). Cikin yana kama da kumbura.
- Jiki yana yin rauni cikin sauƙi. Ko da ƙaramin abu ya same ka, sai ka yi shuɗi.
- Kaikayin fata mai yawa.
- Ƙarancin hawan jini .
- Jin zafi a cikin ciki, musamman a saman gefen dama na ciki.
- Kumburi a wurare kamar ƙafafu da idon sawu.
- Rauni a jiki, rashin kuzari, jin rashin daidaito lokacin tafiya, jin gajiya a kowane lokaci.
- Ruɗani yana nufin ɗan ruɗani, mantawa da inda kake da kuma lokacin da yake.
Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar hantata da kuma lafiyarta?
Saboda hantarmu tana da matuƙar amfani kuma tana aiki, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a kiyaye ta lafiya . Duk muna buƙatar kula da hantarmu da ƙauna. Don haka, ga wasu abubuwa masu sauƙi amma masu matuƙar muhimmanci da za ku iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar hantarku:
- A guji guba: A guji abubuwa masu cutarwa kamar sinadarai (kamar magungunan kashe kwari, magungunan kashe kwari), shan taba, da kuma miyagun kwayoyi ba bisa ka'ida ba gwargwadon iyawa.
- Kula da tsaftar jiki: Kada ka taɓa raba kayanka na sirri kamar allura, aski, da buroshin hakori da wasu.
- Rage shan barasa: Idan kai mutum ne da ke shan barasa, yi hakan a ƙayyadadden adadin kuma ba kasafai ake shansa ba .
- Bi shawarar likita game da magani: A sha maganin da likita ya rubuta daidai yadda aka rubuta, a cikin adadin da aka rubuta, da kuma lokacin da aka rubuta.
- Kiyaye nauyin jiki mai kyau: Ku ci abinci mai gina jiki mai kyau da daidaito. Motsa jiki akai-akai.
- Yi jima'i lafiya: Don kare kanka daga kamuwa da cututtuka kamar hepatitis B da C.
- Yi allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis: Akwai allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis A da B.
- A wanke hannuwanku sosai: A koyaushe a wanke hannuwanku sosai da sabulu da ruwa kafin a ci abinci da kuma bayan an gama amfani da bayan gida.
A ƙarshe, abubuwan da za a tuna
Don haka, wataƙila yanzu kun fahimci yadda hanta take da muhimmanci da mahimmanci ga jikinmu. Kamar jarumi ne mai shiru a cikin jikinmu. Yawancin lokaci, ba ma tunani sosai game da ita, amma ba za mu iya rayuwa ba tare da ita ba. Cututtuka daban-daban da munanan halaye na iya lalata hanta. Amma mafi kyawun abu shine, akwai abubuwa da yawa da za mu iya yi don kare hanta . Hanya mafi kyau ta yin hakan ita ce bin salon rayuwa mai kyau.
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