Bari mu koyi komai game da hanta: wata gabar jiki mai ban mamaki!

Shin ka taɓa yin tunani game da wannan gabar jiki mai ban mamaki, wato hanta? Wataƙila a'a. Amma ka san cewa wannan hanta kamar jarumi ce wadda ke yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci da yawa waɗanda suke da mahimmanci ga rayuwarmu. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan hanta, abin da ke faruwa da ita, da kuma yadda za a kula da ita.

Menene hanta? Bari mu koya a sauƙaƙe

A taƙaice dai, hanta ita ce babbar gaɓar ciki da glandar ciki a jikinmu. Girmanta ya kai kamar ƙwallon ƙafa, kamar soso, mai siffar ɗan kusurwa uku, kuma launinta ja-kasa-kasa ne. Duk da haka, girmanta na iya bambanta dangane da tsayi da nauyinka. A matsakaici, hantar babba tana da nauyin kimanin kilogiram 1.4.

A mafi yawan lokuta, hanta tana gefen dama na jikinmu, a ƙarƙashin haƙarƙari. Amma ba kasafai ake samun hanta a wasu mutane ba, wato a cikin wani yanayi da ake kira `(Situs Inversus)`, wadda za a iya samu a gefen hagu. Shin ba abin mamaki ba ne?

Ana kiran hanta da gaɓɓai da kuma gland. Dalilin haka shi ne hanta tana samar da sunadaran da hormones da jiki ke buƙata. Don haka za ku iya fahimtar muhimmancin hakan. Muna kiran cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da hanta da "yanayin hanta". Likitan da ya ƙware a fannin hanta ana kiransa "likitan hanta."

Wadanne ayyuka hanta ke yi wa jikinmu?

To, aikin da hanta ke yi kusan ba shi da iyaka. Amma bari mu dubi wasu muhimman ayyuka:

• Tsaftace Jini: Ka yi tunanin hanta a matsayin matattara da ke tsaftace jinin da ke jikinka. Tana tace abubuwa masu cutarwa daga abincin da muke ci, iskar da muke shaƙa, da kuma wasu lokutan magungunan da muke sha.`(guba)` na iya shiga. Hanta tana yin aiki mai kyau wajen cire irin waɗannan gubobi daga jini da kuma tsaftace jiki. A takaice dai, kamar babban cibiyar tsaftacewa ne a jikinmu.
• Cire tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja: Kwayoyin jinin ja da ke cikin jininmu suma suna da wani tsawon rai. Idan suka tsufa kuma suka yi rashin inganci, suna buƙatar a cire su. Hanta ma tana yin wannan aikin.
• Samar da Bile: Hanta tana samar da wani ruwa da ake kira "bile" wanda ke taimakawa wajen narkar da abincin da muke ci, musamman abinci mai kitse. Wannan bile shine abin da ke raba kitse zuwa ƙananan guntu kuma yana sauƙaƙa wa jiki shan sa.
• Sinadaran da ke kara kuzari: Hanta ce ke da alhakin "hana" sunadarai, carbohydrates, da kitse a cikin abincin da muke ci domin jiki ya yi amfani da su. Kamar masana'anta ce da ke canza kayan abinci zuwa makamashi da kuma tubalan gini da jiki zai iya amfani da su.
• Yana Taimakawa wajen Rage Jinin Jini: Idan ka ji rauni a wani wuri, jininka yana buƙatar ya danne don dakatar da zubar jini . Hanta tana samar da wasu muhimman sinadarai da ake buƙata don hakan.
• Sarrafa yawan jini a jiki: Hanta kuma tana taimakawa wajen daidaita yawan jini ta hanyar adana wani ɓangare na jimlar yawan jinin da ke jikinmu da kuma sake shi idan ana buƙata.
• Makamashi da adana bitamin: Hanta kamar rumbun ajiya ne a jikinmu. Tana adana yawan glucose a matsayin tushen makamashi da ake kira glycogen, wanda ke ba mu damar amfani da shi daga baya lokacin da muke buƙatar makamashi. Hakanan yana adana bitamin kamar bitamin A , D, E, K, da B12, da ma'adanai kamar ƙarfe da jan ƙarfe.

Yanzu wataƙila ka fahimci cewa hanta ba wai kawai wani ɓangare ba ce, amma jarumi ne a jikinmu!

Menene manyan sassan hanta?

An raba hanta zuwa manyan sassa biyu. Babban lobe na dama da ƙaramin lobe na hagu. A cikin waɗannan lobes akwai dubban ƙananan sassa, waɗanda ake kira "lobules."

Waɗannan sassan suna ɗauke da jijiyoyin jini.Yana yaɗuwa sosai. Yayin da jini ke ratsawa ta cikin waɗannan, hanta tana tace jinin kuma tana cire guba. Sannan ana fitar da sharar da ke cikin fitsari da najasa.

Ƙaramin hanji yana haɗe da ƙananan bututun da ake kira " bile ducts " waɗanda ke ɗaukar bile daga hanta zuwa ƙaramin hanji.

Wadanne cututtuka da yanayi ne ke shafar hanta?

Abin takaici, akwai cututtuka da dama da suka shafi lafiyarmu waɗanda zasu iya shafar hanta mai daraja. Ga kaɗan daga cikinsu:

• Cututtukan da ke faruwa sakamakon yawan shan guba: Cututtukan hanta da ke faruwa sakamakon barasa, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon yawan shan barasa, da kuma cututtukan hanta mai kitse, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon tarin kitse a cikin hanta, sune manyan cututtuka. Hanta mai kitse cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare a cikin al'umma a yau.
• Cututtukan gado: Wasu cututtuka ana gadonsu ta hanyar kwayoyin halittarmu. Misali, cututtuka kamar "Hemochromatosis", wanda ke haifar da tarin ƙarfe a jiki, da kuma "Cutar Wilson", wanda ke haifar da tarin jan ƙarfe mai yawa, na iya lalata hanta.
• Ciwon hanta: Ciwon daji na iya faruwa lokacin da ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau suka girma da sauri kuma ba tare da kulawa ba.
• Matsalolin garkuwar jiki: Wani lokaci garkuwar jikinmu tana kai hari ga hanta bisa kuskure. Irin waɗannan yanayi sun haɗa da ''(Ciwon hanta mai kashe garkuwar jiki)'', ''(Cutar cholangitis ta farko)' da ''(Cutar cholangitis ta farko)''.
• Cututtukan Kwayar cuta: Wataƙila kun ji kalmar "Hepatitis" . Kumburi ne na hanta. Kwayoyin cuta ne ke haifar da shi. "(Hepatitis A)", "(Hepatitis B)" da "(Hepatitis C)" sune nau'ikan da aka fi sani.

Akwai wani labari mai daɗi. Wani lokaci ƙwayoyin hanta da suka lalace na iya sake farfaɗowa, ko kuma "sake farfaɗowa." Amma hakan ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba. Wasu cututtukan hanta na iya haifar da manyan alamu har ma da barazana ga rayuwa.

Waɗanne alamomi ne ke nuna matsalar hanta?

Jaundice shine babban kuma mafi yawan alamun cutar da ke nuna mutum yana da matsalar hanta.

Ciwon daji (jaundice) yanayi ne da fararen idanu da fata ke canzawa zuwa rawaya. Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon yawan sinadarin rawaya da ake kira bilirubin a cikin jini. Wannan bilirubin yana samuwa ne lokacin da tsoffin ƙwayoyin jinin ja suka karye kuma hanta ke cire shi. Don haka, ƙaruwar matakin bilirubin a cikin jini alama ce da ke nuna cewa akwai matsala da hanta.

Baya ga haka, irin waɗannan alamu na iya faruwa idan akwai matsalolin hanta:

• Tarin ruwa a cikin ciki (wannan ana kiransa da "Ascites")
• Kumburi cikin sauƙi
• Kaikayin fata
• Ƙarancin hawan jini
• Ciwon ciki (ciwon ciki)
• Kumburin ƙafafu ko idon sawu
• Girgizawa
• Rauni, kasala, rashin daidaito, ko jin gajiya a kowane lokaci
• Rashin tunawa, ruɗani, ko rashin sanin inda kake da kuma lokacinka

Idan kana da ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamun, kada ka ɗauki hakan da wasa . Ya fi kyau ka nemi shawarar likita.

Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar hantata?

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za mu iya yi don kare hantarmu mai daraja daga cututtuka da kuma ci gaba da aiki yadda ya kamata. Duba waɗannan shawarwari:

• Guji guba: A guji sinadarai, shan taba, da miyagun ƙwayoyi gwargwadon iyawa. Waɗannan suna lalata hanta kai tsaye.
• Kada ku raba kayanku na sirri da wasu:Abubuwa kamar allura, aski, buroshin hakori, da sauransu. Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta (musamman hepatitis B da C) ana iya yaɗuwa cikin sauƙi ta waɗannan.
• Idan kana shan barasa, ka rage shi: Ko da kuwa kana tunanin, "Kadan a rana yana da kyau," waɗannan "ƙananan" adadin na iya tarawa kuma su lalata hanta. Ya fi kyau ka guji barasa gwargwadon iyawa.
• Ka bi umarnin likitanka a hankali yayin shan magunguna: Wasu magunguna suna da haɗari musamman idan aka sha su da barasa. Haka kuma, kada ka sha magunguna ba tare da takardar likita ba.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace: Wannan ya haɗa da cin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma motsa jiki akai-akai. Rage cin abincin da ke ɗauke da mai, sukari, da gari, sannan ki ci ƙarin 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan lambu, hatsi gaba ɗaya, da zare. Wannan zai iya taimakawa wajen hana cututtuka kamar hanta mai kitse.
• Yi jima'i lafiya: Wannan yana taimakawa wajen kare kai daga kamuwa da cututtuka kamar hepatitis B.
• Yi magana da likitanka game da yin allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis: Akwai allurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis A da B. Samun waɗannan zai ba ka kariya sosai.
• A wanke hannuwanku akai-akai: A wanke hannuwanku sosai da sabulu da ruwa, musamman kafin cin abinci da kuma bayan amfani da bayan gida, zai iya taimakawa wajen hana kamuwa da cututtuka da dama.