Ma ke ʻano he mau mākua i kēia mau lā, noʻonoʻo nui mākou i kā mākou mau keiki, ʻeā? Hoʻolohe nui mākou i ka ulu ʻana o ke keiki, ka ʻōlelo ʻana, a me ke ʻano me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. I kēia manawa, ua lohe pinepine paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo ' autism '. Malia paha he hopohopo iki kou a kānalua paha i loko o kou manaʻo inā ua laha maoli kēia maʻi. Mai hopohopo. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka maʻalahi.
ʻO ka Autism Spectrum a me nā Heluhelu e ulu ana
ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻomaopopo kākou i ke ʻano o ka autism. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻaʻole ia he maʻi. He hui ia o nā loli ulu i loko o ka lolo. Hiki i kēia ke hana i kahi keiki e launa pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kaiāulu, kamaʻilio, a hana ʻokoʻa.
Ua kapa ʻia kēia he "spectrum" no ka mea ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau keiki nā hōʻailona iki, aʻo kekahi poʻe e pono paha ke kākoʻo hou aku. ʻO nā kūlana e like me ka 'Asperger's syndrome' a me ka 'Pervasive Developmental Disorder -- Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)' e hāʻule pū kekahi i loko o kēia spectrum ākea.
I kēia manawa, e nānā i kēia mau helu helu. I nā makahiki 1970 a me 1980, hoʻokahi wale nō i loko o 2,000 mau keiki i ʻike ʻia me kēia maʻi. Akā i kēia lā, ma kekahi mau ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻōlelo nā hui e like me ka CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) he hoʻokahi i loko o 150 mau keiki 8 makahiki paha kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi autism spectrum (ASD).
ʻElua mau nīnau e hiki mai ana i ka noʻonoʻo ke ʻike kekahi i kēia mau helu:
1. Ua piʻi maoli anei ka nui o nā keiki me ka autism? A i ʻole no ka mea ua ʻike nui mākou i kēia manawa a ke ʻike koke nei nā kauka iā ia?
2. Inā ua piʻi maoli kēia kūlana, he aha ke kumu no ia mea?
He piʻi maoli anei? A i ʻole he loli i ka ʻike?
Aia nā manaʻo like ʻole ma waena o nā loea e pili ana i kēia. Wahi a kekahi ʻaʻole kēia he hoʻonui maoli, akā he "diagnostic substitution". ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo kahi keiki i ʻike ʻia me ka 'intellectual delay' a i ʻole kekahi inoa ʻē aʻe 10-15 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, hiki ke ʻike pololei ʻia he keiki ma ka 'autism spectrum' me ka ʻike lapaʻau hou. A hiki i ka makahiki 1992, ʻaʻohe ʻano hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa o ka autism ma ke kula.
Eia kekahi, i ka wā ma mua, i ka wā i manaʻo ai ka poʻe i ka autism, ua manaʻo lākou i kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi loa a kīnā ʻole hoʻi. Akā i kēia lā, nui nā keiki i ʻike ʻia me ia he mau ʻano palupalu o ke ʻano.
Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ka nui o nā loea ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kēia mau helu helu,He mea nui e loaʻa nā pane i ka nīnau, "No ke aha i loaʻa ai i hoʻokahi i loko o 150 mau keiki kēia maʻi?" No ka mea, ua maopopo i kēia manawa ua ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi ma mua o ka mea a mākou i manaʻo ai ma mua.
No ke aha he mea paʻakikī loa ke loaʻa nā kumu?
E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe no ke aha he paʻakikī ke loaʻa kahi kumu paʻa. Wahi a nā loea he ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu o ka autism ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kumu o ka maʻi kanesa.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, hiki iā kākou ke ʻike i ke kanesa me kahi X-ray, kahi scan, a i ʻole kahi biopsy. Akā, ʻaʻohe hoʻāʻo koko hilinaʻi, biomarker, a i ʻole scan lolo e hiki ke ʻike pololei i ka autism.
ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe kumu hoʻokahi no kēia. Ua like ia me kahi puzzle paʻakikī e hoʻoponopono. I kēia manawa ua ʻae ʻia he kūlana kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hui pū ʻana o nā kumu genetic a me ke kaiapuni .
| Nā kumu nui e hiki ai ke hana | E ʻike wale kākou e pili ana i ia mea. |
|---|---|
| Mana Hoʻoilina | Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina māhoe he kuleana nui ko nā genes. Inā loaʻa i kekahi māhoe like ka autism, he 75% ka manawa e loaʻa ai i kekahi. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka makahiki o ka makuahine a me ka makuakāne he mea pilikia paha ia. ʻO kekahi mau kūlana genetic, e like me ka Fragile X syndrome , e pili ana me kahi pakeneka liʻiliʻi o nā hihia. |
| Manaʻo Kaiapuni | Hiki ke ulu aʻe kēia ʻano maʻi i loko o kahi keiki i maʻalahi i ka genetics ma muli o nā mana o ke kaiapuni. No ka laʻana, ke hana ʻia nei ka noiʻi ʻana ma ka ʻike ʻana o ka makuahine i ka nui o nā pesticides a i ʻole nā kemika ʻē aʻe i ka wā hāpai . Aia nō kēia mau mea i ka pae noiʻi. |
He ʻoiaʻiʻo anei ka moʻolelo e pili ana i nā lāʻau pale a me ka autism?
ʻO kahi kumuhana e kū mai ana i ka wā e kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ia ka pilina ma waena o nā lāʻau pale a me ka autism. Manaʻo ka nui o nā mākua he thimerosal, kahi mea mālama i loaʻa ka mercury i hoʻohana mua ʻia i kekahi mau lāʻau pale, ke kumu.
Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻoholo ka nui o nā ʻoihana lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana noiʻi koʻikoʻi o ka honua ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia kahi pilina pololei ma waena o nā lāʻau pale a me ka autism.
Eia nō naʻe, ma kekahi hihia kūikawā, ua hōʻike ʻia ua hoʻonui kahi lāʻau pale i kahi maʻi i loaʻa mua ʻole (kahi maʻi o ka mitochondria) i loko o kahi keiki, e alakaʻi ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka autism. Hōʻike kēia i ke ʻano paʻakikī a pilikino o kēia pilikia.
He aha kā mākou e manaʻo ai mai nā noiʻi e hiki mai ana?
ʻAʻole kū mālie nā kānaka ʻepekema. Ke hoʻomau nei lākou i ka noiʻi ʻana i kēia pilina paʻakikī ma waena o nā genes a me ke kaiapuni.
- ʻO nā haʻawina nui e like me CHARGE lāua ʻo SEED e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili mai nā tausani o nā keiki a ʻimi i nā ʻano maʻamau e hoʻohuli i kēia.
- Ke nānā nei ke aʻo ʻana pehea e hoʻopilikia ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ka makuahine i ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo o ka pēpē i ka wā hāpai. Ua hōʻike kekahi mau noiʻi e pane ana kekahi mau antibodies i loko o ke koko o ka makuahine me ka ʻiʻo lolo o ka pēpē i loko o ke keiki.
- Ke nānā nei hoʻi lākou inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi mau pae hormone i loko o ke kino o nā keiki, no ka laʻana ka hormone leptin, i nā keiki me ka autism.
ʻO kēia mau mea a pau e alakaʻi iā mākou i hoʻokahi mea: ʻAʻohe pane maʻalahi i ka autism, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana, "ʻO kēia wale nō ke kumu." He kūlana paʻakikī ia e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, me nā genes, ke kaiapuni, a me ke olakino o ka makuahine.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole he maʻi ka Autism Spectrum Disorder. He ʻano ia e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo e ʻokoʻa ana mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka.
- ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ke kūlana i kēia manawa ma mua o ka wā ma mua, ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike a me nā ʻano hana diagnostic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia.
- ʻAʻohe kumu hoʻokahi no kēia. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ke ao nei he hopena ia o ka hui pū ʻana o nā kumu hoʻoilina a me ke kaiapuni.
- Inā he kānalua a nīnau paha kāu e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki, ka ʻōlelo ʻana, a i ʻole ke ʻano,E ʻoluʻolu, mai hopohopo a e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo mai ke kauka kūpono, e like me ke kauka pediatric a i ʻole ke kauka noʻonoʻo akamai.
- Ma mua o ka huikau ʻana i ka mea a ka poʻe e ʻōlelo ai ma ka pūnaewele a i ʻole ma ka lehulehu, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau kūpono ka mea maikaʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana nou iho a me kāu keiki.
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