Ua kū anei ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ke ʻano kupaianaha a paʻakikī o ka hana hanu ʻana? Me kou ʻike ʻole ʻana, hana ʻia ma mua o 20,000 mau manawa i ka lā. Inā ʻoe e hiamoe ana, e hana ana, a e pāʻani ana paha, ʻo ke koa maoli e hana ana ma hope o nā hiʻohiʻona e hāʻawi i ka oxygen e pono ai kou kino i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ana i nā kinoea ʻōpala, ʻo ia kou mau māmā . I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau ʻōpū koʻikoʻi e pono ai kou ola ma Nirogi Lanka.
He aha kou mau māmā a ma hea lākou e waiho ai?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo kou mau māmā nā ʻōkana mua o kou ʻōnaehana hanu - ka pūnaewele o nā ʻōkana e kuleana no ka hanu ʻana. Loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻelua mau māmā, aia i loko o kou umauma, i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ma waena o kou ʻāʻī a me kou ʻōpū.
ʻAʻole like kou mau māmā ʻelua; he mau ʻokoʻa kūikawā ko lāua.
Māmā ʻĀkau
Ua māhele ʻia kou māmā ʻākau i ʻekolu ʻāpana i kapa ʻia ʻo 'lobes.' He pōkole iki ia akā ʻoi aku ka laulā ma mua o ka māmā hema. Pale ʻia nā māmā ʻelua e kahi membrane palupalu i kapa ʻia ʻo 'pleural tissue'.
Māmā hema
ʻElua wale nō lobes o kou māmā hema a he ʻuʻuku iki aʻe. ʻO kēia no ka mea pono ia e hana i kahi no kou puʻuwai . Aia kahi lua liʻiliʻi ma ka māmā hema e hoʻokipa ai i ka puʻuwai, a mākou e kapa nei ʻo 'cardiac notch.'
He aha ka hana maoli a kou mau māmā?
ʻO ka hana nui o kou mau māmā, ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka oxygen e pono ai kāu mau cell e ola a e wehe i ke kalapona ʻokikene , kahi huahana ʻōpala i hana ʻia e kāu mau cell. Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma kahi o 12 a 20 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia minuke.
E noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hana ʻia ke hanu ʻoe:
1. Ke hanu ʻoe ma kou ihu a waha paha, hele ka ea ma mua o kou puʻu , ma o kou pahu leo (larynx), a komo i loko o kou ʻōpū hanu nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka trachea .
2. A laila māhele ʻia ka trachea i ʻelua lālā i kapa ʻia ʻo 'bronchial tubes,' me kekahi e alakaʻi ana i kēlā me kēia māmā.
3. I loko o kou mau māmā, e lālā hou aku kēia mau ʻōmole i nā ala liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'bronchi' a me nā mea liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'bronchioles.'
4. ʻO ka hope loa, pili kēia mau ʻōmole liʻiliʻi i nā ʻeke ea liʻiliʻi e like me nā hui hua waina, i kapa ʻia ʻo 'alveoli.' ʻO kēia nā hale mana maoli o kou mau māmā. Ma o kēia mau ʻeke e hoʻoili ʻia ai ka oxygen āu e hanu ai i loko o kou koko.
Ke omo ke koko i ka oxygen, haʻalele ia i nā māmā a hele i ka puʻuwai, kahi e pamu ai i kēia koko momona i ka oxygen ma loko o kou kino holoʻokoʻa, e hānai ana i kēlā me kēia cell a me nā ʻiʻo.
Ke hoʻohana kāu mau cell i ka oxygen, hana lākou i ke kalapona ʻokikene ma ke ʻano he ʻōpala. Hoʻi hou kēia ʻōpala ma o kou koko i nā māmā, kahi āu e hoʻokuʻu aku ai i ka lewa.
I mea e hana pono ai kou mau māmā, pono e wehe a maʻemaʻe kou mau ala ea. He mea nui e pale aku i ka mumū a i ʻole ka hōʻiliʻili nui ʻana o ka mucus.
Pehea e pale ai kou mau māmā iā lākou iho?
Loaʻa i kāu ʻōnaehana hanu nā ʻano pale i kūkulu ʻia e pale aku i ka lepo, nā germs , a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻē aʻe mai ke komo ʻana i kou mau māmā:
- Lauoho ihu:Hana kēia ma ke ʻano he kānana kūlohelohe, e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā ʻāpana lepo nui ma mua o ko lākou hiki ʻana i kou mau māmā.
- Mucus: Hoʻopuka kāu trachea a me nā ʻōmole bronchial i ka mucus e mālama i nā alaloa ea a hoʻopaʻa i ka bacteria a i ʻole ka lepo.
- Cilia: He mau ʻano liʻiliʻi e like me ka lauoho kēia e neʻe mau ana i luna, e pahu ana i ka mucus i paʻa a me nā ʻōpala i kou puʻu i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou ma ke ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ke ale ʻana. ʻO kekahi o nā pōʻino nui o ka puhipaka, ʻo ia ka hōʻino ʻana i kēia mau cilia, e pale ana iā lākou mai ka hana ʻana i kā lākou hana.
Nā kūlana maʻamau o ka māmā
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, hiki i nā maʻi he nui ke hoʻopilikia i nā māmā. ʻOiai he akahai kekahi, he mau loa a koʻikoʻi paha kekahi. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau:
| Inoa Kūlana | Ma nā ʻŌlelo Maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Asthma | Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana ma muli o ka haiki ʻana o nā ala ea. |
| ʻO ka bronchitis | Hōʻike ʻia e ka ʻū ʻana; hiki ke ʻoi a mau paha. |
| COPD | He maʻi māmā e holomua ana a lōʻihi hoʻi e paʻakikī ai ka hanu ʻana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. |
| Pneumonia | He maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū a me ke kahe i loko o nā ʻeke ea; koi pinepine ʻia ka mālama ʻia ma ka haukapila. |
| ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu | He maʻi bacteria e hoʻopilikia nui ana i nā māmā akā hiki ke laha ma kahi ʻē. |
| Ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā | ʻO ka puhi paka ke kumu nui o kēia maʻi koʻikoʻi. |
| COVID-19 | He maʻi viral e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻano pilikia hanu like ʻole. |
Nā Hōʻailona Kūpono o ka Maʻi Puʻupuʻu
Inā ʻoe e loaʻa nei i nā pilikia me kou mau māmā, e ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona. E ʻoluʻolu e nānā pono i kēia mau hōʻailona hōʻike:
- Pōkole o ka hanu : Manaʻo e pau ka hanu a i ʻole ka hakakā ʻana e hopu i kou hanu ʻoiai ma hope o ka hana kino liʻiliʻi.
- ʻEha umauma : ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole e ʻoi aʻe ka ʻino ke hanu hohonu ʻoe a i ʻole ke kuʻi.
- ʻŪhū mau loa: He ʻūhū mau e mau ana no kekahi mau pule a ʻoi aku paha, ʻoiai inā hele pū me ke koko a i ʻole ka huʻa keu.
- Luhi:Manaʻo i ka luhi a luhi paha ma hope o ka hoʻomaha ʻana.
- Wheezing: He leo hūʻū ke hanu ʻoe, e hōʻike ana i kahi ālai ʻia o ke alaloa.
- Ka pehu ʻana: ʻO ka edema ma nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae a i ʻole nā wāwae, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i kekahi manawa i kekahi mau kūlana māmā.
Inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke hoʻonohonoho koke i kahi manawa me kāu kauka e loaʻa ai kahi loiloi loea.
Pehea e loiloi ʻia ai ke olakino o ka māmā?
I kou wā e kipa aku ai, e hana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino e loaʻa ai ka ʻike i kou olakino hanu. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me:
- Ke hoʻolohe nei i kou umauma me ka stethoscope e ʻike i nā leo ʻē (e like me ke kani ʻana a i ʻole ka wheezing).
- Ke nānā nei i kou helu hanu (hanu i kēlā me kēia minuke).
- Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Pulse Oximeter , kahi mea liʻiliʻi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kou manamana lima, e ana i ka saturation oxygen i loko o kou koko.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokolohua kino, pono paha nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻokumu i kahi hōʻailona pololei.
Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi
ʻAe kēia mau hoʻokolohua i kāu kauka e nānā i loko o kou mau māmā.
- X-ray umauma
- Nānā CT
- Ultrasound
- Nānā MRI
Nā Hoʻāʻo Hana Mama
Ke ana kēia mau loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou mau māmā.
- Spirometry: He hoʻāʻo e ana i ka nui o ka ea hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu a me ka wikiwiki o kou hanu ʻana i waho.
- Hoʻāʻo hele wāwae ʻeono minuke: Hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i nā loli i kāu pae oxygen a me ka helu o ka puʻuwai ʻoiai ʻoe e hele ana no ʻeono mau minuke.
Nā Kaʻina Hana
I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha i kāu kauka ke nānā i loko o kou mau ala ea a hōʻiliʻili paha i kahi hāpana ʻiʻo (biopsy) no ka hoʻokolokolo pono ʻana.
- Bronchoscopy: Ke hoʻohana nei i kahi ʻōmole palupalu me kahi kāmela e nānā i kou mau ala ea.
- ʻO ka biopsy māmā: Ke kiʻi ʻana i kahi hāpana ʻiʻo liʻiliʻi mai ka māmā no ka nānā ʻana i ka microscope.
Nā Hana e Mālama ai i kou Ola Kino o ka Mama
Nui nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i ke olakino o kou mau māmā a mālama pono i nā kūlana o kēia manawa.
- E hōʻalo loa i ka puhipaka: ʻO kēia ka hana nui loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana. E hoʻōki loa i nā cigarettes, bidis, a me ka vaping.
- E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino: ʻO ke kaumaha nui, ʻoiai a puni ka ʻōpū, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hiki o kou mau māmā ke hoʻonui piha.
- E hoʻoikaika kino i nā manawa a pau: Hoʻomaikaʻi ka hana kino i ka hiki ke mālama i ka māmā. Eia nō naʻe, e ʻoluʻolu e nīnau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kekahi papa hana hoʻoikaika kino hou.
- E ʻai i ka meaʻai kaulike a momona hoʻi.
- E noho hydrated: ʻO ka inu ʻana i ka wai lawa e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka mucus lahilahi, e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana mai kou mau alaloa.
- Kāohi i nā maʻi: E hoʻomaʻemaʻe lima maikaʻi, e pale i ka pili kokoke ʻana me ka poʻe maʻi, a e noho mākaukau me nā lāʻau pale i ʻōlelo ʻia e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO kou mau māmā he mau ʻōkana koʻikoʻi e kuleana no ka oxygenating i kou koko a me ka wehe ʻana i ke kalapona ʻokikene.
- ʻO ka puhipaka ka hana ʻino loa no kou mau māmā. I mea e pale ai i kou olakino hanu, pono ʻoe e noho kaʻawale mai ka puhipaka.
- Mai hoʻowahāwahā i ke kuni mau, ka hanu pōkole, a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka umauma. He mau hōʻailona mua paha kēia o ka maʻi māmā. E nīnau koke aku i kāu kauka inā he mau hopohopo kāu.
- ʻO ke ola olakino, me ka ʻai kūpono a me ka hoʻoikaika kino mau, e kākoʻo nui i ke olakino o kou māmā no ka wā lōʻihi.
Nā māmā, ka hanu ʻana, nā maʻi hanu, ka hānō, COPD, ka niumonia, ke olakino o ka māmā, Nirogi Lanka
