ʻO ka hauʻoli āu e ʻike ai ke ʻike ʻoe e hāpai ana ʻoe i kahi pēpē, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe ʻia, ʻeā? Akā i ka manawa like, loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau makaʻu a me nā nīnau he nui. "Ua maikaʻi anei ke pēpē?", "E hiki mai ana kekahi mea iaʻu?", "E maʻamau anei nā mea a pau?" He mea maʻamau loa ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā mea e like me kēia. ʻO ia ke kumu e hana ai nā kauka i nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e mālama pono iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē i ka wā hāpai. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea e nānā pono i kou olakino a me ke olakino o kāu pēpē. No laila, he mea nui loa ka hele ʻana i ke keʻena lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia lā a ke kauka e ʻōlelo ai e hele mai.
I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia i nā mahina ʻekolu mua o ka hāpai ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka trimester mua.
No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau hoʻokolohua?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke ʻike i nā pilikia e kū mai ana no ʻoe a i kāu pēpē ma mua. A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana koke i nā hana e pono ai. Ua like kēia me ka ʻike mua ʻana e pili ana i kahi lua i mua i ka wā e hoʻokele ana ma ke alanui. A laila, hiki iā mākou ke pale aku a hoʻokele akahele, ʻeā? Pēlā ke ʻano o kēia mau hoʻokolohua.
I kāu kipa mua a ʻelua paha, e nīnau nui kāu kauka iā ʻoe. E nīnau lākou e pili ana i kou mōʻaukala olakino a me kekahi mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā maʻi (e like me nā maʻi genetic). E kōkua kēia ʻike i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā he pilikia kūikawā ʻoe. E hana pū lākou i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. Hoʻomaulia ʻia kou lā hānau ma muli o ka lā o kou menstruation hope loa.
He aha nā hoʻokolohua nui i hana ʻia i nā mahina 3 mua?
Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia i ka wā hāpai mua. E hoʻomaopopo pono kākou i kēlā me kēia. No ka maʻalahi, e hōʻike wau iā lākou ma kahi papa.
| Inoa o ka hoʻāʻo | He aha kāu e ʻike ai ma kēia? |
|---|---|
| Ka hoʻokolokolo Pelvic a me ka Pap smear | Nānā ia i ke olakino o kou mau pūnaewele cervical. Nānā pū ia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai cervical a me kekahi mau maʻi i laha ma ke ʻano moekolohe (STDs). |
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko | E nānā ʻia kou ʻano koko a me ka Rh factor, inā he anemia kou, inā he palekana kou i ka rubella (German measles), a inā he mau maʻi kou e like me Hepatitis B, Syphilis, a me HIV. |
| Nā hoʻāʻo mimi | Nānā lākou i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa. Nānā mau lākou i ka mimi no ka glucose (he hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes) a me ka protein (he hōʻailona o ka preeclampsia). |
| Nā hoʻāʻo koko kūikawā ʻē aʻe | Ma muli o kou mōʻaukala ʻohana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻāʻo no nā maʻi genetic e like me Tay-Sachs, Cystic Fibrosis, a me Sickle Cell Anemia. Hiki iā lākou ke nānā i kou mau pae o nā hormones hCG a me progesterone, nā mea e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana. |
Nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā e nānā ana i nā kūlana genetic o ke pēpē
Ma ka hopena o ka trimester mua, ma waena o nā pule 11 a me 14, e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo e pili ana i nā kūlana genetic o kāu pēpē. ʻO ka hoʻoholo e loaʻa i kēia mau hoʻokolohua aia iā ʻoe wale nō.
Manaʻo kekahi mau makuahine he mea kaumaha pono ʻole kēia mau hoʻokolohua ma ko lākou manaʻo. Akā makemake kekahi poʻe e ʻike i nā mea āpau i hiki ma mua. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole paha e pololei 100% kēia mau hoʻokolohua.
No laila, e kamaʻilio pono me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o kēia mau hoʻokolohua a e hoʻoholo i kahi hoʻoholo naʻauao.
Nā hoʻokolohua invasive ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli i ka pēpē
ʻO kahi hāpana koko a me kahi scan mai iā ʻoe wale nō ke koi ʻia no kēia mau mea. ʻAʻole e hōʻeha ʻia ke pēpē ma kekahi ʻano.
- Hoʻāʻo Hui Pū ʻia: Ke ana kēia i nā pae o nā protein i kapa ʻia ʻo `hCG` a me `PAPP-A` i loko o kou koko. I ka manawa like, ke ana nei kahi scan i ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili ma ke kua o ka ʻāʻī o ke pēpē. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he ` nuchal translucency (NT) scan`. Hoʻohui ʻia nā hopena o nā hoʻāʻo ʻelua e helu i ka pilikia o nā kūlana genetic e like me Down syndrome a me Trisomy 18.
- Hoʻāʻo Prenatal Noninvasive (NIPT):He hoʻāʻo nō hoʻi kēia e hana ʻia me kahi hāpana koko i lawe ʻia mai ou aku. I ka wā hāpai, hoʻohui ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka DNA o ka pēpē i ke koko o ka makuahine. Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei (ma kahi o 99%) inā he maʻi genetic ka pēpē ma ka nānā ʻana i kēlā DNA ('cell-free fetal DNA').
Nā hoʻokolohua invasive e hoʻokau iki ana i ka pilikia i ka pēpē
Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i kēia hoʻāʻo inā hōʻike nā hoʻokolohua ʻaʻole pilikia i luna nei i kahi pilikia, a inā ʻoe ma luna o 35 mau makahiki a i ʻole he moʻolelo ʻohana no nā maʻi genetic.
- ʻO ka laʻana ʻana o Chorionic villus (CVS): Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma waena o 10 a me 12 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu liʻiliʻi loa ma o ka vagina i loko o ka cervix, a i ʻole e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nila liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū, a lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo mai ka placenta. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i kēia ʻiʻo hiki ke ʻike pololei i nā kūlana genetic he nui, e like me Down syndrome, sickle cell anemia, a me cystic fibrosis.
- He mea nui: He liʻiliʻi loa ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hāpai keiki (ma kahi o 1%) me kēia hoʻāʻo. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke ʻike i nā kūlana e like me nā kīnā neural tube. Nānā ʻia kēia mau mea me kahi hoʻāʻo koko ʻokoʻa ma hope.
He aha inā he mau māhoe kāu?
Ua manaʻo ʻia ka hāpai māhoe he hāpai pilikia kiʻekiʻe. No laila, e nānā pono kāu kauka iā ʻoe a me kāu pēpē. E loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau a nā makuahine ʻē aʻe e hana ai, akā pono paha e hana ʻia kekahi o lākou ma mua iki a ʻoi aku ka pinepine.
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi perinatologist a i ʻole ka loea Maternal Fetal Medicine.
Leka Lawe-Home
- E hōʻoia e hele i ke keʻena lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia lā i helu ʻia ma kāu "puke keʻena lapaʻau." He mea nui loa ia no kou olakino a me ke olakino o kāu pēpē.
- Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua mua ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia olakino kūpono i kāu pēpē a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o kāu pēpē.
- ʻO nā hoʻokolohua genetic kahi mea e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi koho. E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou a hiki i kou ʻike piha ʻana i ko lākou mau pono a me nā pōʻino.
- Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kekahi hoʻokolohua, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.
- He ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia hāpai ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole paha ʻoe i loaʻa i nā hoʻokolohua like i loaʻa i kāu hoaaloha, a i ʻole he mau hoʻokolohua paha kāu i loaʻa ʻole iā lākou. Mai hopohopo no kēlā.
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