Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kekahi i loko o kahi kaʻa kaʻa a i ʻole i loko o ka lumi pilikia (ETU) o kahi haukapila, ka mea e pilikia ana i ka hanu ʻana, e kau ana i kahi pale maka ma luna o ko lākou maka, a he ʻeke liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia iā ia e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka oxygen ? ʻO ia ka mea i kapa pinepine ʻia he Non-Rebreather Mask . He mea lapaʻau koʻikoʻi loa kēia i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻopakele i nā ola i kahi pilikia. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā me ka maʻalahi a me ka maopopo.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Non-Rebreather Mask (NRM)?
ʻO ka Non-Rebreather Mask, a i ʻole NRM e like me ka kapa ʻana a nā kauka, he pale maka kūikawā ia i hoʻohana ʻia e hāʻawi koke i ke kanaka i kahi nui o ka oxygen, maʻamau i ka wā pilikia.
E noʻonoʻo e like me ka pale maka. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e kau ma luna o kou waha a me kou ihu. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kou maka me kahi kaula elastic e hoʻopuni ana i kou poʻo. Hoʻopili ʻia i ka pale maka he ʻeke liʻiliʻi a moakaka i piha i ka oxygen. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he 'ʻeke waihona'. A laila hoʻopili ʻia kēia ʻeke i kahi pahu oxygen ma o kahi paipu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ma kahi haukapila, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) a i ʻole ma kahi ambulance e lawe ana i kahi maʻi i kahi haukapila.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia pale maka ʻo ia nā kiwikā hoʻokahi ala e ʻae ai i ka ea e hele wale i hoʻokahi ala . ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ke hanu ʻoe, ʻo ka oxygen maʻemaʻe wale nō mai ka ʻeke oxygen e komo i loko o kou kino, a ʻo ka ea āu e hoʻopuka ai ( carbon dioxide ) ʻaʻole e hoʻi hou i loko o ka ʻeke, akā e puka i waho ma o nā kiwikā ʻē aʻe i loko o ka pale maka. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole ʻoe e hanu hou i ka ea āu i hoʻopuka ai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole komo ka ea mai ke kaiapuni waho i loko o ka pale maka. No laila, loaʻa i kou mau māmā kahi pakeneka kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i hui ʻole ʻia me kekahi mea.
I ka manawa hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia mask?
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kahi Non-Rebreather Mask i ka wā e haʻahaʻa loa ai ka pae oxygen o ke koko o ke kanaka, akā hiki nō iā lākou ke hanu iā lākou iho . ʻAʻole kēia he mea e hanu nou e like me ka ventilator, akā ʻo ia kekahi e hoʻohui i ka oxygen keu i ka hanu āu e lawe ai.
Eia kekahi mau laʻana o ia mau pilikia:
- Ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi: E noʻonoʻo e hoʻopakele ana i kahi kanaka i paʻa i loko o ke ahi hale. Ua hanu nui ke kanaka i ka uahi, hiki ke hōʻino i ko lākou mau māmā a hoʻoulu i ka emi nui o ka pae oxygen i loko o ko lākou koko. I kēlā kūlana, hoʻohana ʻia kēia pale maka e hāʻawi koke i ka oxygen.
- Ka lāʻau make kalapona monoxide(Ka lāʻau make kalapona monoxide): I kekahi manawa, ke hoʻomaka ʻia kahi kaʻa ma kahi me ka ʻole o ka ea, e like me ka wā e holo ana kahi mīkini hana, hiki i ka hanu ʻana i ke kinoea kalapona monoxide ke hoʻoulu i ka lāʻau make nui. He kūlana weliweli loa kēia. He mea nui kēia pale maka e hāʻawi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i ia mau hihia.
- ʻEha i nā māmā: ʻO ke kanaka i loaʻa i nā ʻeha koʻikoʻi i ka umauma a me nā māmā mai kahi mea e like me kahi ulia kaʻa nui, paʻakikī paha ka hanu ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia i kēlā mau hihia.
- ʻEha poʻo hui: He ʻano kūikawā kēia. He ʻeha poʻo koʻikoʻi loa kēia a hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui. Ua ʻike kekahi mau noiʻi ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā nui o ka oxygen i kēia ʻano ʻeha poʻo e hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu.
- Ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā maʻi hanu koʻikoʻi a mau loa: Inā ʻike koke kahi kanaka me nā maʻi mau e like me COPD ( Maʻi Pulmonary Obstructive Chronic ) a i ʻole Cystic Fibrosis i ka ʻino ʻana o ko lākou kūlana a paʻakikī ke hanu , ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i ka haukapila a hāʻawi ʻia i ka oxygen ma o kēia pale maka.
Mea nui: Inā kānalua ʻoe ua hanu ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai i ke kalapona monoxide a i ʻole ke kinoea ʻawahia ʻē aʻe, he mea nui loa ia e kāhea aku i ke Kikowaena ʻIke Poisons National ma ka Halemai Lahui ʻo Colombo no ka ʻōlelo aʻo ma mua koke o ka hele ʻana i ka haukapila.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi Non-Rebreather Mask a me nā ʻano mask oxygen ʻē aʻe?
Ua ʻike paha ʻoe i nā ʻano pale maka oxygen ʻē aʻe ma nā haukapila. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻelua ka Non-Rebreather Mask a me ka Partial Rebreather Mask. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mea ʻelua ka nui o ka ea āu e hanu hou ai.
E nānā kākou i kēia papa e wehewehe hou aku i kēia.
| Hiʻona | Pale Maka ʻAʻole Hoʻihoʻi Hou (NRM) | Pale Maka Hoʻomaha Hapa |
|---|---|---|
| Nā kiwikā | Aia nā kiwikā hoʻokahi ala e hana ana ma hoʻokahi wale nō ala. | Aia nā kiwikā ʻelua ala. |
| Ea hanu | ʻO ka oxygen maʻemaʻe wale nō ke puka mai ana mai ka pahu oxygen. ʻAʻohe ea o waho e komo mai. | Ua hui ʻia ka oxygen i loko o ka pahu oxygen me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka ea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka ea o waho. |
| Pakeneka o ka oxygen i loaʻa (FIO2) | Kiʻekiʻe loa (ma kahi o 60% - 90%). | Kiʻekiʻe, akā haʻahaʻa ma mua o NRM (ma kahi o 40% - 60%). |
| Pōʻino ʻūʻū | Kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia inā pau ka pahu oxygen. | Haʻahaʻa ka pilikia no ka mea hiki i ka ea o waho ke komo. |
He aha ka FIO2?
ʻO kēia huaʻōlelo FIO2 (Fraction of Inspired Oxygen) paha he mea hou iā ʻoe. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia hoʻi "ka pakeneka o ka oxygen i ka ea a mākou e hanu ai." ʻO ka ea a mākou e hanu mau ai he 21% oxygen. Hiki i kahi Non-Rebreather Mask ke hoʻonui i kēia nui i 90%. Hōʻike kēlā i ka mana o kēia mea hana.
He aha nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino weliweli loa o kēia?
Nā Pōmaikaʻi
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui a hoʻokahi wale nō o kēia pale maka, ʻo ia ka hiki ke hāʻawi koke i kahi nui o ka oxygen i ka mea maʻi. He mea nui kēia hiki i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ke ola o kekahi kanaka nona nā pae oxygen koko i hāʻule haʻahaʻa loa.
Nā Pōʻino a me nā Pōʻino
ʻO ka pilikia nui loa a koʻikoʻi loa o kahi pale maka non-rebreather ka hanu ʻana .
E noʻonoʻo, me kēia pale maka, hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu wale i ka oxygen i loko o ka pahu oxygen. ʻAʻohe ea e komo mai ana mai waho. No laila, inā no kekahi kumu e pau ai ka pahu oxygen, hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hanu a make paha no ka mea ʻaʻohe ea ʻē aʻe e hanu ai.
No kēia kumu nui, pono e nānā pono ʻia kahi mea maʻi e kau ana i ka Non-Rebreather Mask e ke kauka a i ʻole nā limahana hānai, nāna e nānā mau i ka pae o ka pahu oxygen.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mask ma ka home?
ʻAʻole loa. ʻAʻole ka Non-Rebreather Mask he mea hana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home. Ma muli o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, hoʻohana wale ʻia ia ma nā haukapila, nā lumi pilikia, a ma lalo o ka nānā pololei ʻana o nā limahana lapaʻau.
Inā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi o kou ʻohana e pono ai ka oxygen therapy ma ka home ma muli o kahi maʻi hanu mau, aia kekahi mau mea palekana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia. No ka laʻana, he nasal cannula (kahi mea me ʻelua mau paipu liʻiliʻi i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ihu). ʻOiai hāʻawi ia i ka nui o ka oxygen haʻahaʻa, palekana ia e hoʻohana ma ka home no ka hoʻohana lōʻihi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia a koho i ke ʻano lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe.
Āhea ʻoe e ʻimi koke ai i ke aʻo lapaʻau?
Inā pilikia ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai i ka hanu ʻana a loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei, e hele koke i ka Halemai Pilikia (ETU) kokoke loa.
- Ke keʻokeʻo a polū paha nā lehelehe.
- Ka hanu wikiwiki loa a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.
- Ka ʻō ʻana o ka ihu i ka wā e hanu ana.
- Ke lohe ʻana i kahi 'whistling', wheezing, a i ʻole kekahi walaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka wā e hanu ana.
He mau hōʻailona kēia e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i ke kino, no laila mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He mea lapaʻau kūikawā ka Non-Rebreather Mask (NRM) e hāʻawi ana i kahi nui o ka oxygen i ka wā pilikia.
- Ma muli o kona mau kiwikā ala hoʻokahi, hanu wale ʻoe i ka oxygen maʻemaʻe.
- ʻO ka pilikia nui loa me kēia, ʻo ia ka hiki ke hanu ʻia inā pau ka pahu oxygen. No laila, he mea nui ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka.
- ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Non-Rebreather Mask ma ka home no kekahi kumu. Ua kaupalena ʻia i nā haukapila wale nō.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hanu pōkole no ka manawa lōʻihi, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau kūpono.
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