Ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi, e pau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma hope o kekahi manawa, ʻeā? A i ʻole ua ʻike paha ʻoe i kekahi manawa loaʻa iā ʻoe nā palapū polū a poni paha ma kou kino me ka ʻole o ka pā ʻana i kekahi mea? ʻO ke kumu nui ma hope o kēia mau mea, ʻo ia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ' platelets ' i loko o ko kākou koko. Akā he aha ka mea e hana ai ke emi ka helu o kēia mau mea kōkua? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Thrombocytopenia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Mai hopohopo, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i kēia.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Thrombocytopenia?
ʻO ka Thrombocytopenia kahi maʻi kahi i emi ai ka nui o nā platelets i loko o kou koko ma mua o ka maʻamau. He mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi nā platelets, he ʻano disc i loko o ko kākou koko. ʻO kā lākou hana nui, ʻo ia ke hana i kahi clot ma kahi o kahi ʻeha e hoʻōki ai i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. Ua like ia me ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi lua i loko o ka paia.
Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia huaʻōlelo? ʻO "Thrombocytes" kekahi inoa no nā platelets. ʻO "Penia" ke ʻano o ka nele i kahi mea, kahi hemahema. No laila, i ka wā e hui pū ai kēia mau mea ʻelua, hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo "Thrombocytopenia".
ʻO ka maʻamau, pono i ke kanaka olakino ke loaʻa ma waena o 150,000 a me 450,000 mau platelets i kēlā me kēia microliter o ke koko (aia ma kahi o 35 microliters i loko o kahi kulu koko). Inā emi kēia helu ma mua o 150,000 i kāu hōʻike koko, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo thrombocytopenia.
Loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona o ka emi iki ʻana o nā platelets. Eia nō naʻe, inā emi nui kāu helu platelet, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mau hōʻailona:
| Hōʻailona | He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma ia mea? |
|---|---|
| Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko | Hiki ke kahe ke koko mai nā ʻāʻī a i ʻole ka ihu, ʻoiai i ka wā e palaki ai i kou mau niho. Hiki i nā wāhine ke loaʻa nā wā menstruation kaumaha a lōʻihi paha. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke loaʻa ke koko i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole ka ʻōpala. |
| Nā palapū a me nā kiko | ʻIke ʻia nā palapū polū/poni (me he mea lā ua hahau ʻia) ma ke kino me ke kumu ʻole. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he Purpura ma nā huaʻōlelo lapaʻau. He mau kahe koko kēia e kū ana ma lalo o ka ʻili. |
| Nā kiko ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili | Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kiko ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi e like me ka nui o ka wēlau peni ma ka ʻili, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wāwae. Hiki ke hele pū mai kēia mau mea i nā puʻupuʻu. Kapa nā kauka i kēia mau mea he Petechiae . |
| Luhi | ʻAʻole ka helu platelet haʻahaʻa wale nō ke kumu o ka luhi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kahi kūlana olakino ma lalo (e.g. anemia) e hoʻoulu ai i ka helu platelet haʻahaʻa e hoʻoluhi a luhi paha ʻoe. |
| Hoʻonui ʻia ka spleen | He ʻōkana ka spleen ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o luna o ko kākou ʻōpū. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā platelets ke paʻa a luku ʻia i loko, kahi e hiki ai ke emi ka helu o nā platelets. A laila pehu ka spleen. |
No ke aha e emi ai nā platelets penei? He aha nā kumu?
Nui nā kumu e hiki ai ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā platelets haʻahaʻa. Kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke hoʻoilina. Akā i ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia e kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe a i ʻole kahi lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, aia ʻekolu mau ʻano nui o nā kumu.
1. No ka mea, ʻaʻole lawa ka hana ʻana o ke kino i nā platelets
ʻO ko kākou iwi iwi ka hale hana e hana ai i kēia mau platelets. Inā hōʻino ʻia ka hana ʻana o kēlā hale hana, e emi ana nā platelets.
- Nā maʻi kanesa e like me ka leukemia
- ʻO kekahi mau ʻano anemia
- Nā maʻi viral , no ka laʻana dengue, hepatitis C , a i ʻole HIV
- ʻO ka chemotherapy a i ʻole ka radiation therapy no ka maʻi kanesa
- ʻO ka inu nui ʻana
- Ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea ʻawahia e like me nā pesticides a me ka arsenic
2. No ka mea, ua luku ʻia nā platelets ma mua o ka hana ʻia ʻana
ʻOiai inā hana maikaʻi ka hale hana, inā haki koke ke kapuahi, e nele ana nā platelets.
- Ka hāpai ʻana (no kekahi)
- Nā maʻi autoimmune. ʻO kēia ka manawa e luku hewa ai ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino i kāna mau platelets ponoʻī. No ka laʻana, lupus.
- ʻO kekahi mau maʻi bacteria a viral paha
- ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e.g. Heparin)
- Nā kūlana laha ʻole e like me ka Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
3. No ka mea, ua paʻa nā platelets i loko o ka spleen
ʻO ka maʻamau, ma kahi o ka hapakolu o kā mākou mau platelets e mālama ʻia i loko o ka spleen. Eia nō naʻe, inā e hoʻonui ʻia ka spleen ma muli o kahi maʻi e like me ka cirrhosis o ke akepaʻa, e paʻa ana ka nui o nā platelets i loko, e hōʻemi ana i ka helu o nā platelets e kaʻapuni ana i loko o ke koko.
Aia kekahi ʻano like ʻole o ka thrombocytopenia.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Thrombocytopenia i kekahi mau ʻano nui ma muli o ke kumu.
- ʻO ka Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP): ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo ia ka luku ʻana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale i kā mākou mau platelets ponoʻī ma muli o kahi pilikia. Hiki i kēia ke hele mai i ʻelua ʻano: ITP koʻikoʻi i nā keiki a me ITP mau loa i nā pākeke.
- ʻO Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP): He kūlana kakaikahi kēia akā weliweli. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻōpū koko liʻiliʻi ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Ma muli o ka nui o nā platelets i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i kēia mau ʻōpū, emi ka helu platelet i loko o ke koko.
- ʻO ka Thrombocytopenia i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau (DIT): Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano ma ke ʻano he hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Nalo pinepine ia ke hoʻōki ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- ʻO ka Thrombocytopenia Gestational: He kūlana e kū mai ana i ka wā hāpai, ʻaʻole maʻamau koʻikoʻi. Hoʻopau pinepine ia ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai i kēia, e Kauka?
ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau (Full Blood Count - FBC) i hana ʻia no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻike kāu kauka he haʻahaʻa kou mau platelets, e kauoha lākou i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo hou aʻe e ʻike i ke kumu.
E hoʻomanaʻo, inā hōʻike kāu hōʻike koko i nā platelets haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole ia e hopohopo a ʻike i ke kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
| Hoʻāʻo | He aha kāu e ʻike ai i loko o ia mea? |
|---|---|
| Helu koko piha (CBC/FBC) | Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o nā ʻulaʻula, nā keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelet i loko o ke koko. |
| ʻO ka hoʻopili koko (Peripheral Smear) | Ua nānā ʻia nā platelets ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he ʻano maʻamau ko lākou a me ke ʻano. |
| Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka iwi iwi | Inā ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu, hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo e ʻike ai inā e hana pono ana ka hale hana iwi. |
Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i kou kino a hana i kahi scan ultrasound ʻōpū e nānā i kahi pilikia spleen a i ʻole ke akepaʻa i hoʻonui ʻia.
Hiki paha i kēia kūlana ke koʻikoʻi?
No ka hapa nui o nā kānaka, ʻaʻole kēia he pilikia nui. Eia nō naʻe, inā hāʻule ka helu platelet ma lalo o 20,000, hiki ke lilo i mea weliweli. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki ke kahe ke koko i loko o ke kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi i loko o ka lolo, ʻoiai me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha. He mea hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola.
No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka Thrombocytopenia, he mea nui loa ia e hahai pololei i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka a hele i nā keʻena lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono. Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke poʻo ʻeha nui, nā loli i ka ʻike, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa no ka mea he mau hōʻailona paha kēia o ke kahe koko o ka lolo.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kumu o kou helu platelet haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa o kāu helu platelet.
- Ke mālama ʻana i ke kumu: Inā he lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o ka helu platelet haʻahaʻa, e hoʻōki ke kauka i kēlā lāʻau a kuhikuhi i kahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Inā he maʻi ia, e mālama lākou.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Inā he pilikia ʻōnaehana pale e like me ITP, hoʻomalu ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā steroid.
- Hoʻoili koko a platelet paha: Inā haʻahaʻa loa ka helu platelet a i ʻole he kahe koko nui, hāʻawi ʻia nā platelets ma waho (Platelet transfusion).
- ʻO ke ʻoki kino: Inā ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ke kaohi i ke kūlana, pono paha kahi splenectomy.
- Plasma Exchange: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau i nā kūlana e like me TTP.
Pehea ʻoe e mālama ai iā ʻoe iho?
I ke ola ʻana me kēia maʻi, he mea nui e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka ʻeha.
- E hōʻalo i nā hana weliweli: E noho mamao mai nā haʻuki pili e like me ka mokomoko, karate, a me ka rugby.
- E makaʻala me nā lāʻau lapaʻau: E nīnau mau i kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, e like me ka aspirin a me ka ibuprofen.
- E kaupalena i ka waiʻona: Hiki i ka waiʻona ke hōʻemi i ka hana ʻana o nā platelets i loko o ka iwi iwi, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kaupalena ʻana i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka thrombocytopenia ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā platelets i loko o ke koko. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
- I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, e makaʻala i nā mea e like me ka palapū i wehewehe ʻole ʻia, nā ʻāʻī koko/ihu, a me nā kiko ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili.
- Nui nā kumu no kēia ʻano. No laila, mai hopohopo ke ʻike ʻoe i nā platelets haʻahaʻa i kāu hōʻike koko, akā e ʻike i ke kauka e ʻike i ke kumu.
- Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu a me ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- E hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke poʻo ʻeha nui a i ʻole nā loli o ka ʻike, e hele koke i ka haukapila.
Thrombocytopenia, Platelets, Helu platelet haʻahaʻa, Ke kahe koko ʻana, ʻEha, Purpura, Petechiae
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