E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku i loko o ke ala mimi (Nā Pōhaku Ureteral). Ke ʻike nei hoʻi ʻoe i kēia ʻeha nui?

Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa ua luaʻi me ka ʻeha nui ma kou kua i lalo, ma lalo pono o kou mau iwi ʻaoʻao? Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe e mimi a ʻeha ia, i kekahi manawa pono ʻoe e mimi iki, a laha ka ʻeha i kou ʻōpū? Inā pēlā, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "nā pōhaku ureteral ." E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku i kēia lā, e like me ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi hoaaloha.

He aha nā pōhaku ureteral?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he pōhaku ureter kahi mea paʻa ʻano ʻē i paʻa i loko o kekahi o kāu mau ureters, ʻo ia nā ʻōmole lahilahi ʻelua e lawe ana i ka mimi mai kou mau puʻupaʻa a i kou ʻōpū mimi (kahi e mālama ʻia ai ka mimi ). Ua like lākou me nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe he hoʻokahi ureter ko kēlā me kēia o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa?

Hiki i kēia mau pōhaku ke hana ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a ʻākau paha o ka urethra. ʻO ka urethra o kahi pākeke ma waena o 10 a me 12 ʻīniha ka lōʻihi. Hiki i kēia mau pōhaku ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka urethra, kokoke i ka puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, kokoke i ka ʻōpū mimi.

I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau pōhaku mimi . ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kekahi o lākou e ka maka ʻōlohelohe. Holoi ʻia lākou me ka mimi, no laila ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia.

Eia nō naʻe, inā nui ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa, hiki iā ia ke ālai i ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi mai nā puʻupaʻa a i ka ʻōpū mimi. ʻO ia ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka ʻeha nui. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau pōhaku i ka wā e hui pū ai nā minelala a me nā paʻakai i loko o kāu mimi. Hoʻokumu mua lākou ma ke ʻano he mau kristal liʻiliʻi, a laila ulu lākou i mau pōhaku nui.

"No laila, ua like anei kēia mau pōhaku ureter me nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa?" ʻAe, ʻo ka pōhaku ureter he pōhaku ia e hana ʻia i loko o ka puʻupaʻa a haki a paʻa i loko o ka ureter.

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā pōhaku mimi?

ʻEhā ʻano nui o nā pōhaku mimi:

• Nā pōhaku kalipuna : ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau. ʻElua ʻano o kēia: nā pōhaku '(Calcium oxalate)' a me nā pōhaku '(Calcium phosphate)'.
• Nā pōhaku waikawa uric: Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano pōhaku ke piʻi ka nui o ka waikawa uric i loko o kou mimi.
• Nā pōhaku Struvite: I kekahi manawa i hana ʻia e nā maʻi ʻōpū urinary ( UTIs).Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau pōhaku ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa i nā mea. ʻO nā mea nui i loko o kēia pōhaku he magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) a me ka calcium carbon-apatite.
• Nā pōhaku cystine: Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau pōhaku cystine e kahi kūlana genetic i kapa ʻia ʻo "Cystinuria." ʻO kēia maʻi ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka amino acid cystine i loko o ka mimi ma mua o kona haʻalele ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa.

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ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōhaku mimi?

Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kēia poʻe:

• No nā kāne.
• No ka poʻe keʻokeʻo (e like kēia me ka ʻikepili mai nā ʻāina ʻē).
• No nā kānaka ma waena o 40 a me 60 mau makahiki.
• No ka poʻe i loaʻa mua nā pōhaku mimi.
• Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa.
• No ka poʻe e inu wai iki ana.
• No nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes Mellitus).
• No nā poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa polycystic.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia kūlana i waena o mākou ma Sri Lanka. ʻOi aku hoʻi , ʻo nā mea e like me ka inu ʻana i ka wai liʻiliʻi a me ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano e hoʻoulu ai i ka hou nui hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia mau pōhaku mimi?

Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 1,000 mau mākua e hoʻokomo ʻia ana i ka haukapila i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma muli o nā pōhaku mimi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi he 1 i loko o 8 ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi pōhaku i ke ola holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole ia he mea liʻiliʻi kēia kūlana ma Sri Lanka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia mau pōhaku mimi?

Inā he mau pōhaku mimi liʻiliʻi loa kou, hiki iā lākou ke hele ma kāu ʻōnaehana mimi me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona.

Eia nō naʻe, inā nui nā pōhaku e ālai i kou ala urinary, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• ʻEha nui: He ʻeha manawa ʻole kēia ʻaʻole mau. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia ma ke kua haʻahaʻa, ma lalo o nā iwi ʻaoʻao. Hiki ke like me ka ʻō ʻana o ka pahi.
• Ka hohola ʻana i ka ʻeha: Hiki i kēia ʻeha ke pālahalaha i ka ʻōpū lalo, a i kekahi manawa i ka ʻāpana genital.
• ʻEha a wela paha i ka wā e mimi ai.
• Manaʻo luaʻi.
• Ka luaʻi ʻana.
• Koko i loko o ka mimi a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kala: Hiki ke ʻeleʻele, poni, a ʻulaʻula paha ka mimi.
• Mimi ao.
• ʻO ka pono e mimi pinepine.
• Ka liʻiliʻi o ka liki ʻana o ka mimi.

E noʻonoʻo, i kekahi pō, ua manaʻo koke ʻo Nilanthi i ka ʻeha nui ma kona kua. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke noʻonoʻo i ka mea i hana ʻia. ʻOi loa ka ʻeha a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke kū pololei. I kona hele ʻana i ka haukapila wale nō i ʻike ai ʻo ia ua paʻa kahi pōhaku i loko o kona urethra.

No ke aha i hana ʻia ai kēia mau pōhaku mimi?

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka nui o nā mea hana pōhaku i loko o kou mimi. ʻO ka maʻamau, hele kēia mau mea ma o ka ʻōnaehana mimi me ka ʻole o nā pilikia. Akā, ʻaʻole kēia e hana no ka mea ʻaʻole lawa ka mimi o kou kino e hoʻoheheʻe a holoi paha i kēia mau mea. ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻo kēia ma muli o kou inu ʻole ʻana i ka wai lawa. A laila hōʻiliʻili mālie kēia mau mea a hoʻomaka e hana i nā pōhaku.

ʻO nā mea nui i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i kēia pōhaku:

• Kalipuna
• ʻOkalate
• ʻAkika urika
• ʻO ka posapahate
• ʻO Cystine
• Xanthine

Pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai i ka pōhaku ke noho i loko o ka urethra?

He mea kēia e ʻokoʻa ana mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. No ka mea, ʻokoʻa kou kino mai ko kekahi, ʻokoʻa paha ka manawa e pono ai nou e hoʻokuʻu i kahi pōhaku. I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ka pōhaku.

No ka hapanui o nā kānaka, hiki i kahi pōhaku liʻiliʻi ma mua o 4 millimeters ke hala i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha pule.

Ke hiki aku kahi pōhaku i loko o ka urethra i ka ʻōpū mimi, hala pinepine ia i loko o kekahi mau lā.

Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?

E nīnau mua ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino. A laila e kauoha paha lākou i nā hoʻokolohua e like me kēia e hōʻoia inā he mau pōhaku puʻupaʻa kou:

• Urinalysis: Nānā kēia i ka mimi no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a me nā pae o nā mea e hiki ai ke hoʻokumu i nā pōhaku.
• Hoʻāʻo koko: Nānā kēia i ka hana maikaʻi ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, inā he mau maʻi, a inā he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku.
• ʻO ke scan ultrasound: Hoʻohana i nā nalu kani e nānā ai i nā ālai ʻana i ke ala urinary.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan): Kōkua kēia i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ka nui pololei, kahi, a me ka paʻakikī o kāu pōhaku mimi.

Pehea ʻoe e wehe ai i kēia mau pōhaku mimi? (Lāʻau lapaʻau)

ʻO ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku mimi e pili ana i ka nui o nā pōhaku, ko lākou wahi, a me nā mea i hana ʻia ai lākou. Ma muli o ka nui a me kahi o ka pōhaku, hiki i kāu kauka ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo maikaʻi inā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu wale iā ia a i ʻole.

Inā he mau pōhaku puʻupaʻa nui kou a i ʻole kahi poloka i loko o kāu ʻōnaehana urinary, hiki i kahi urologist ke ʻōlelo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:

• ʻO ka Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL): Pili kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nalu kani ikehu kiʻekiʻe e wāwahi i nā pōhaku i loko o ke ala mimi. A laila e hoʻokuʻu maʻalahi ʻia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i loko o ka mimi. ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi loa, akā ʻaʻole kūpono no nā mea āpau.
• ʻUreteroscopy:Ma kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lōʻihi a lahilahi (ureteroscope) ma o ka urethra. Loaʻa iā ia kahi kāmela i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka hopena. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻōmole ma o ka ʻōpū mimi a i loko o ka urethra e ʻike ai i ka pōhaku. A laila wehe ʻia a kuʻi ʻia paha me ka laser.
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hana kāu kauka i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma kou kua a hoʻokomo i kahi scope pololei i loko o kou puʻupaʻa e ʻimi a wehe i ka pōhaku. Manaʻo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau inā nui loa ka pōhaku a i ʻole he ʻano ʻē.
• ʻO nā stent ureteral: He mau ʻōmole lahilahi, maʻalahi, a pōkole kēia e kōkua ai i ka wehe ʻana o ka urethra, e ʻae ana i ka mimi e kahe a puni kahi pōhaku e ālai ana iā ia.
• Lapaʻau Hoʻokuke Lapaʻau (MET): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia no nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi ma ke ala mimi haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohana ia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā alpha-blockers, nā calcium channel blockers, corticosteroids, a me nā phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5).

Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no kekahi mau ʻano pōhaku

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i nā poʻe e hoʻomohala ana i kekahi mau ʻano pōhaku mimi, ʻoiai:

• No nā pōhaku calcium:
• Potassium citrate: Hoʻonui kēia i ka alkaline o ka mimi a hoʻemi i ka acidity.
• Diuretics: Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka wai keu a me ka calcium mai ke kino ma o ka mimi.
• No nā pōhaku struvite:
• Nā lāʻau antibiotic: ʻO kēia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hakakā ai i nā maʻi bacteria.
• ʻAkika Acetohydroxamic: Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ammonia i loko o ka mimi.
• No nā pōhaku cystine:
• ʻO Tiopronin (mercaptopropionyl glycine): Kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa i nā poʻe me cystinuria.
• ʻO ka potasiuma citrate.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho/hoʻokele i nā hōʻailona?

He mea nui loa ka inu ʻana i ka nui o nā wai, e like me ka wai. ʻO ka inu ʻana ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 a 3 lita o ka wai i ka lā hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pōhaku mimi liʻiliʻi.

Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAID) ma ka hale kūʻai lāʻau no ka ʻeha iki a i ʻole ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole. ʻO nā NSAID i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo aspirin, ibuprofen, a me naproxen. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka a pau ke lawe i kēia mau NSAID, no laila he manaʻo maikaʻi e nīnau i kāu kauka a kauka lāʻau paha ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e hoʻōla ai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loko o kekahi mau lā o ka mālama ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao a hiki i ka hala ʻana o ka pōhaku hope loa mai kou kino.

Pehea e pale ai i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku urinary?

Nui nā ala e pale ai i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku urinary:

• E inu i nā wai hou aku: He manaʻo maikaʻi e inu ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 a 3 lita o nā wai i ka lā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai, akā maikaʻi nō hoʻi nā wai ʻē aʻe e like me ka lemonade a me ka wai ʻalani.
• E kaupalena i ka protein holoholona: ʻO ka protein holoholona e like me ka ʻiʻo, nā hua manu, a me ka iʻa e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka uric acid i loko o kou kino. ʻO nā lentil, nā pī, nā pī ʻōmaʻomaʻo, seitan, a me ka tofu he mau kumu maikaʻi o ka protein ʻaʻole e hoʻonui i nā pae uric acid.
• E hōʻemi i ka sodium i kāu meaʻai: ʻO ka ʻai ʻana ma lalo o 1,500 milligrams o ka paʻakai i kēlā me kēia lā hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pani i ka paʻakai me nā mea pani paʻakai, nā mea ʻala, ka wai lemona, a me ka vīnega ʻono.
• E kaupalena i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka oxalate: ʻO ka Oxalate kahi meaʻai i loaʻa i nā meaʻai e like me ka spinach, almonds, cashews, a me ka ʻuala. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu waiwai i ka calcium ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā pōhaku oxalate.

I kekahi manawa e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e mimi i loko o kahi kānana kūikawā a kānana paha a hala kāu pōhaku. A laila wehe ʻia ka pōhaku a kālailai ʻia kona ʻano kemika. Ma muli o kēlā ʻike, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e pale aku i ka hoʻokumu hou ʻana o nā pōhaku.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa?

Inā ʻike pololei ʻia, maikaʻi ka wānana no ka poʻe me nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi manawa e loaʻa hou ai nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa iā ʻoe.

He nui ka poʻe e hoʻokuʻu i nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa liʻiliʻi me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No nā pōhaku nui, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke wāwahi i ka pōhaku a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu iā ʻoe iho, a i ʻole hiki i ke kauka ke wehe iā ia. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa a pale iā lākou mai ka hana hou ʻana.

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ma mua o hoʻokahi pōhaku mimi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke kumu. Ma hope o kēlā loiloi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hoʻololi i kou nohona e pale aku ai i ka hana hou ʻana o nā pōhaku.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i kou ʻeha, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka ʻeha a me ka nausea/luaʻi.

Inā he pōhaku puʻupaʻa kou, hiki i ke kauka ke ʻike i kona wahi a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau kūpono.

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i kāu kauka?

• Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he pōhaku puʻupaʻa koʻu?
• Inā ʻaʻohe oʻu pōhaku puʻupaʻa, he aha nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e loaʻa iaʻu?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka pōhaku puʻupaʻa i loaʻa iaʻu?
• ʻEhia ka nui o koʻu pōhaku mimi?
• I loko o ka urethra hea koʻu pōhaku?
• ʻEhia ka nui o nā pōhaku mimi i loaʻa iaʻu?
• E hiki anei iaʻu ke hoʻokuʻu wale i kēia pōhaku puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole e pono iaʻu ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
• He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa noʻu e wehe ai i kaʻu pōhaku mimi?
• Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku i ke kūkulu hou ʻana o nā pōhaku mimi?
• He aha nā hoʻololi e pono iaʻu e hana i kaʻu papaʻai?
• Pono anei iaʻu e lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau e pale aku ai i ke kūkulu hou ʻana o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, he leka lawe i ka home:

He mea hoʻonāukiuki a ʻeha hoʻi ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Eia naʻe, he kūlana manawa pōkole kēia. Hiki i kāu kauka ke kōkua iā ʻoe e pale i ka ʻino ʻana o kāu mau hōʻailona. No laila, he mea naʻauao ke ʻike koke i ke kauka ke ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. E hāʻawi pū ʻo ia iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pono ai e pale i ka hoʻokumu hou ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Mai hopohopo, hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia kēia kūlana me ka mālama kūpono a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona!

Nā pōhaku mimi, nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa, ke ala mimi, ʻeha, nā maʻi ala mimi, ka mālama ʻana, ka pale ʻana