He aha nā lymphocytes? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i nā mana pale o ko kākou kino!

Ua nānā anei ʻoe i kahi hoʻokolohua koko a ʻike i ka nui o nā keena koko keʻokeʻo (WBC) i loko? Ma waho aʻe o nā keena koko ʻulaʻula e hāʻawi ana i ko mākou koko i kona kala ʻulaʻula, loaʻa iā mākou nā keena koko keʻokeʻo he mea nui loa i ko mākou kino. ʻO kēia mau keena koko keʻokeʻo ko mākou pūʻali koa ponoʻī e pale ana i ko mākou kino mai nā maʻi a me nā germs. ʻO nā koa kūikawā a akamai loa i loko o kēlā pūʻali koa ʻo ia nā lymphocytes a mākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā.

He aha ka hana a nā lymphocytes?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā lymphocytes ke iwi kuamoʻo o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino. Hana lākou ma kahi o 20% a 40% o kā mākou mau hunaola koko keʻokeʻo āpau. E like me ka pūʻali koa e pale aku ana i kahi ʻāina, hakakā kēia mau hunaola i nā ʻenemi e komo i loko o ko mākou kino. Hiki i kēia mau ʻenemi ke:

• Nā maʻi ʻino
• Bacteria
• Nā pūnaewele kanesa

Hoʻomaka koke nā Lymphocytes e hana e hakakā i kekahi mea hoʻouka kaua haole (kapa mākou i kēia mau antigens). A he hiki kupaianaha loa kēia mau lymphocytes. ʻO ia ka hoʻomanaʻo . E noʻonoʻo, ma hope o kou loaʻa ʻana i ka chickenpox i kou wā kamaliʻi, ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa hou i ka chickenpox. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, i ka wā e komo ai ka maʻi chickenpox i ko mākou kino, ʻike kēia mau lymphocytes iā ia a kaua aku iā ia. A laila, mālama lākou i kahi hoʻomanaʻo o kēlā maʻi ma ke ʻano o "nā cell hoʻomanaʻo". Inā komo hou ka maʻi i ko mākou kino, ʻike kēia mau cell hoʻomanaʻo iā ia i ka wā e ʻike ai lākou a luku koke iā ia. Ma mua o ko mākou maʻi ʻana! Hana nā lāʻau pale a mākou e hoʻohana ai e pale iā mākou iho mai nā maʻi ma kēia kumumanaʻo. Hana ʻia nā Lymphocytes i loko o ko mākou iwi iwi. Mai laila mai, hoʻohui ʻia lākou i ke koko a hoʻolaha ʻia ma o kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic. Aia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic nā ʻōpū e like me kā mākou mau lymph nodes a me ka thymus gland.

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā lymphocytes?

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lymphocytes i ʻelua ʻano nui: nā pūnaewele B a me nā pūnaewele T. I ka hui pū ʻana, hoʻoikaika kēia mau mea ʻelua i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale.

Pehea e hana ai nā pūnaewele B

Ke ʻike nā pūnaewele B i kahi antigen, pane lākou ma nā ʻano ʻelua. 1. Pane Palekana Mua: ʻO ka manawa mua e komo ai ka antigen i ke kino, ʻike nā pūnaewele B iā ia, a lilo kekahi mau pūnaewele B i mau pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo. Lilo kekahi i mau pūnaewele plasma a hoʻomaka e hana i nā antibodies e pili pono ana i kēlā antigen. Hiki i kēia ke hala i kekahi mau lā. 2. Pane Palekana Lua: Inā loaʻa hou ka antigen like, ʻike koke nā pūnaewele hoʻomanaʻo iā ia, hana koke i nā pūnaewele plasma, a hana koke i nā antibodies e pono ai.

Nā ʻano o nā pūnaewele T

He paʻakikī i nā pūnaewele T ke hana hoʻokahi, pono lākou i ke kōkua mai nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kōkua, māhele nā ​​​​kelepona T i kekahi mau ʻano a hana.

• Nā pūnaewele Cytotoxic/Killer T: Hele pololei kēia i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele kanesa a luku iā lākou.
• Nā pūnaewele kōkua T: E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, kōkua kēia i nā pūnaewele pale ʻē aʻe. Hana lākou i nā mea e like me ke kōkua ʻana i nā pūnaewele B e hana i nā antibodies a hoʻāla i nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka T.
• Nā pūnaewele T hoʻoponopono : Pale kēia i ka ʻōnaehana pale mai ka pane nui ʻana a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ko mākou kino ponoʻī. ʻO ia hoʻi, ke kāohi nei lākou i ka ʻōnaehana.

Pehea e nānā ai i ka nui o nā lymphocytes?

Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua koko e hiki ke hana ʻia e hoʻoholo i ka helu o kāu mau lymphocyte.

• Helu Koko Piha (CBC): ʻO kēia ka hōʻike FBC ( Helu Koko Piha ) like a mākou e hana mau ai. Ana ia i ka nui o nā mea āpau i loko o ke koko, me nā ʻulaʻula, nā keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets.
• Ka Cytometry kahe:He hoʻokolohua paʻakikī iki kēia ma mua o ka CBC. Hiki iā ia ke helu i nā ʻano lymphocytes like ʻole, e like me nā pūnaewele B a me nā pūnaewele T, a hoʻoholo i ko lākou mau pae kikoʻī.
• Nānā ʻana i nā pūnaewele B a me T: Hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi ʻōnaehana pale kou. Hiki iā ia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ke koko a i ʻole ka iwi iwi.

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana a me ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā lymphocytes.

Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki ka pae maʻamau o nā lymphocytes ma muli o ka makahiki, ke kāne, ke kiʻekiʻe, a me ke ʻano o ka nohona. No laila e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e loaʻa kahi heluhelu pololei ma kāu hōʻike.

• Ka pae maʻamau no nā pākeke: Ma waena o 1,000 a me 4,800 lymphocytes i kēlā me kēia microliter o ke koko.
• ʻO ka pae maʻamau no nā keiki: Ma waena o 3,000 a me 9,500 lymphocytes i kēlā me kēia microliter o ke koko.

ʻO ka hoʻonui a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā lymphocytes ma luna o nā pae maʻamau hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o kahi maʻi.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano ʻole o nā lymphocytes?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona iki, akā hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka pehu ʻana o nā hono (ka pehu ʻana o nā hono)
• Nā hou o ka pō
• kuni
• ʻEha ʻōpū
• Makemake nui
• Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, a inā he kānalua paha kāu e pili ana i nā waiwai i kāu hōʻike koko, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i ke kauka a ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo. Nā Lymphocytes, Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo, ʻŌnaehana Palekana, Nā Kelepona B, Nā Kelepona T, Nā Hoʻāʻo Koko