Koj lub plawv puas muaj ob lub qhov (cusps) nyob rau hauv lub aortic valve? (Bicuspid Aortic Valve) Cia peb tham txog qhov no!

Koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj xav tias koj nkees los yog qaug zog? Los yog koj puas tau muaj ib tug kws kho mob muab lub stethoscope rau ntawm koj lub hauv siab thiab hais ib yam dab tsi zoo li, "Mmm... Kuv hnov ​​ib lub suab txawv txawv me ntsis (yws) los ntawm koj lub plawv"? Qhov ua rau qhov no yuav yog ib qho kev hloov me me hauv koj lub plawv uas koj yug los nrog. Tsis txhob txhawj, hnub no peb tab tom tham txog ib qho mob uas feem ntau hu ua Bicuspid Aortic Valve.

Hauv lus yooj yim, qhov Bicuspid Aortic Valve no yog dab tsi?

Zoo, cia peb nkag siab qhov no li no. Muaj plaub lub qhov tseem ceeb hauv peb lub plawv. Cov no zoo li lub rooj vag uas qhib tsuas yog ib qho kev taw qhia xwb. Ntawm cov no, qhov uas xa cov ntshav mus rau aorta, lub hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas nqa cov ntshav nplua nuj oxygen los ntawm lub plawv mus rau tag nrho lub cev, hu ua aortic valve. Feem ntau, hauv ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv, lub aortic valve no muaj peb lub flaps me me (cusps lossis leaflets). Peb lub flaps no qhib thiab kaw hauv txoj kev zoo heev los tswj cov ntshav ntws. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv ib tus neeg uas muaj mob hu ua bicuspid aortic valve, lub valve no muaj ob lub flaps es tsis yog peb . Qhov no yog ib qho mob yug los. Yog li, vim tias tsuas muaj ob lub flaps, lub valve no tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem me ntsis qhib thiab kaw kom raug. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho teeb meem tseem ceeb: 1. Aortic Stenosis (kev nqaim ntawm lub valve): Vim tias lub valve tsis qhib kom raug, tsuas muaj qhov chaw me me rau lub plawv los twj cov ntshav mus rau lub cev. Qhov no ua rau lub plawv ua haujlwm nyuaj dua. 2. Aortic Regurgitation (ntshav ntws rov qab): Vim tias lub valve tsis kaw zoo, qee cov ntshav uas raug thawb mus rau lub cev yuav ntws rov qab mus rau hauv lub plawv. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob li ntau xyoo. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntxiv no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem rau koj lub plawv.

Qhov teeb meem no loj npaum li cas?

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj Bicuspid Aortic Valve yuav muaj teeb meem loj. Tab sis kwv yees li ib ntawm peb tus neeg yuav muaj teeb meem dhau sijhawm. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb kom muaj kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua thiab kev kuaj mob yog tias koj tus kws kho mob qhia koj tias koj muaj tus mob no. Nws tsis yog qhov tsawg li koj xav. Nws cuam tshuam rau 1% txog 2% ntawm cov pej xeem hauv ntiaj teb. Nws kuj tseem muaj ob npaug ntawm cov txiv neej dua li nws yog rau cov poj niam. Cov neeg uas muaj qee yam mob caj ces, xws li Turner syndrome, kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias nrog cov thev naus laus zis kho mob niaj hnub no, koj tuaj yeem pom tus mob no thiab nws cov kev hloov pauv me me ua ntej koj pom cov tsos mob. Thiab nrog kev kho mob kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua neej nyob puv npo, noj qab haus huv, thiab ntev.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Muaj coob tus neeg tsis muaj tsos mob li ntau xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub valve ua haujlwm tsis zoo, cov tsos mob pib tshwm sim. Rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam mos, yog tias qhov mob hnyav heev, cov tsos mob xws li xim xiav/ntsuab ntawm daim tawv nqaij (' cyanosis' ) thiab nyuaj noj mov lossis nce phaus yuav tshwm sim sai tom qab yug los. Cov tsos mob feem ntau pom hauv cov neeg laus yog:

Ua cas ho ua rau qhov no? Puas yog nws yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces?

Qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob "Aortic valve" no tseem tsis tau pom tseeb. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tshwm sim thaum lub plawv ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab loj hlob thaum ntxov ntawm cev xeeb tub. Tus mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv tsev neeg qee yam (los ntawm noob caj noob ces) . Yog li ntawd, yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg (niam, txiv, kwv tij, menyuam) muaj tus mob no, koj kuj yuav muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo. Yog li ntawd, yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj hom kab mob plawv no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog nws. Tom qab ntawd, yog tias nws xav tau, koj tuaj yeem raug kuaj xyuas.

Yog tsis kho ces yuav muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim?

Yog tias tsis kho raws sijhawm, cov teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

• Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm: Kev nqaim ntawm lub plawv (stenosis) ua rau lub plawv ua haujlwm hnyav dua. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov leeg nqaij plawv tuab thiab loj hlob, thaum kawg ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem tso ntshav tau zoo. Tej yam xws li kev haus luam yeeb thiab cov roj cholesterol ntau tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem no sai dua.
• Kev tawg thiab kev txiav ntawm cov hlab ntsha aortic: Kwv yees li ib ntawm peb tus neeg uas muaj lub qhov ntswg bicuspid aortic muaj feem yuav ua rau cov hlab ntsha aorta, uas yog cov hlab ntsha loj saum lub qhov ntswg, nthuav dav. Ib yam li lub npas uas raug nthuav dav dhau, cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha no tsis muaj zog thiab pib loj. Qhov no hu ua aortic aneurysm. Yog tias nws loj dhau, nws tuaj yeem tawg tam sim ntawd (rupture) lossis rhuav (dissection). Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej ceev uas txaus ntshai rau lub neej uas xav tau kev kho mob tam sim ntawd .

Yuav kuaj tus kab mob no li cas?

Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob yuav xub xav tias lub plawv dhia tsis meej thaum lawv hnov ​​​​​​lub suab txawv txawv (lub suab 'lub plawv dhia tsis meej') thaum mloog koj lub hauv siab nrog lub stethoscope. Tom qab ntawd, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj ntau qhov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb los saib qhov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub plawv. Cov kev kuaj tseem ceeb yog:

• Echocardiogram (echo): Qhov no yog kev ntsuas ultrasound ntawm lub plawv. Nws tuaj yeem pom tseeb tias muaj pes tsawg daim nplooj hauv lub valve, lawv ua haujlwm li cas, thiab seb puas muaj qhov xau lossis nqaim.
• CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Qhov no tuaj yeem tsim cov duab peb-seem ntawm lub plawv thiab aorta.
• MRI ntawm lub plawv (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Qhov kev kuaj no yog siv los kom tau cov duab ntxaws ntxiv ntawm lub plawv thiab cov valve.

Cov kev xaiv kho mob yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias qee cov tshuaj, xws li beta-blockers, tuaj yeem pab tswj cov tsos mob, lawv tsis tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem ntawm lub plawv dhia tag nrho. Kwv yees li 4 ntawm 5 tus neeg uas muaj Bicuspid Aortic Valve yuav xav tau kev phais mob qee lub sijhawm hauv lawv lub neej. Kev phais mob tuaj yeem kho koj lub plawv dhia lossis hloov nws nrog lub tshiab. Koj pab neeg kho mob yuav tham nrog koj txog kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj, raws li koj tus mob, hnub nyoog, thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.

Hom kev phais mob

Niaj hnub nim no, es tsis txhob phais lub plawv qhib ib txwm muaj, muaj cov txheej txheem niaj hnub xws li kev phais mob minimally invasive thiab TAVR (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement), uas hloov lub valve los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov txheej txheem no muaj lub sijhawm rov zoo luv dua.

Kev rov zoo thiab yav tom ntej zoo li cas?

98% ntawm cov neeg uas tau phais lub plawv rov zoo, thiab lawv lub neej ntev tsis raug cuam tshuam. Qhov no txhais tau tias txawm tias koj muaj mob Bicuspid Aortic Valve, nrog kev kho mob zoo thiab kev saib xyuas kho mob, koj tuaj yeem ua neej ntev thiab noj qab nyob zoo ib yam li lwm tus. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua. Tom qab phais, feem ntau koj yuav tsum mus kuaj mob tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob sai sai? (Thaum twg mus rau ETU)

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, hu rau 911 tam sim ntawd kom tau txais lub tsheb thauj neeg mob lossis mus rau Chav Kho Mob Xwm Ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws.

• Mob sai sai, ntse, thiab mob dua hauv siab lossis nraub qaum.
• Tawv nqaij nplaum thiab tawm hws.
• Kiv taub hau.
• Tsaus muag.
• Lub plawv dhia tsis xwm yeem.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Ua pa nyuaj heev.

Kab Mob Pob Ntseg Aortic Bicuspid, Kab Mob Pob Ntseg Plawv, Aortic Stenosis, Aorta Regurgitation, Kev Phais Plawv, Mob Hauv Siab, Ua Tsis Taus Pa