Koj puas tau pom tias muaj ib txhia menyuam yaus tsis hais lus zoo li lwm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog li lawv, thiab lawv cov lus tsis meej? Los yog, tom qab muaj xwm txheej lossis mob hlwb , qee tus neeg laus muaj teeb meem sau cov lus ua ke thiab qhia cov tswv yim? Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib txoj haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj kev siab zoo uas pab cov neeg txhua lub hnub nyoog uas muaj teeb meem kev sib txuas lus. Ntawd yog txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob hais lus .
Tus Kws Kho Mob Hais Lus no yog leej twg?
Hais yooj yim xwb, tus kws kho kev hais lus, lossis raws li peb qee zaum hu lawv, tus kws kho kev hais lus thiab lus, yog tus kws tshwj xeeb uas tau kawm los kuaj mob thiab kho cov teeb meem uas tib neeg muaj nrog kev hais lus, kev nkag siab lus, thiab kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus. Qhov no tsis yog hais txog kev ua 'slang' xwb. Nws yog ib qho chaw dav dua li ntawd.
Xav txog nws, thaum peb hais lus, peb lub hlwb, qhov ncauj, tus nplaig, daim di ncauj, thiab lub ntsws txhua tus yuav tsum ua haujlwm ua ke. Yog tias muaj teeb meem me me nyob qhov twg hauv cov txheej txheem no, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau peb cov lus hais. Cov kws kho kev hais lus yog cov kws tshaj lij hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem no. Thiab, tsis txhob xav tsis thoob, cov leeg nqaij uas koom nrog kev hais lus kuj siv thaum peb nqos. Yog li ntawd, lawv kuj pab cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem nqos .
Cia peb saib qee qhov chaw uas lawv tsom mus rau.
| Thaj Chaw | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov Lus Hais | Txoj kev uas peb muab cov suab ua ke los ua cov lus. Ib txhia menyuam yaus muaj teeb meem hais cov tsiaj ntawv xws li 'ஸ', 'ர', 'ல', puas yog? Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm teeb meem nrog kev hais lus / kev puas siab puas ntsws, teeb meem nrog cov cim uas lub hlwb tau txais los hais lus (Apraxia ntawm kev hais lus), lossis qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub qhov ncauj (Dysarthria). |
| Lus | Nkag siab txog yam uas lwm tus hais thiab muab koj cov kev xav sau ua lus. Qhov mob uas nyuaj nrhiav cov lus tom qab mob stroke hu ua (Aphasia). |
| Kev nyeem ntawv | Kev nyeem ntawv thiab kev sau ntawv kuj yog ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem hais lus feem ntau muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv. |
| Lub suab | Lub suab ntawm koj lub cev. Ib txhia neeg muaj lub suab qis qis, poob lawv lub suab sai sai, hais lus nrov dhau, lossis muaj lub suab ntswg. Kuj muaj kev kho rau qhov no thiab. |
| Kev hais lus tau yooj yim | Txoj kev uas zaj dab neeg ntws mus. Kev hais lus tsis meej , raws li peb txhua tus paub, yog ib qho mob uas feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog qhov no. |
| Kev Sib Txuas Lus Txog Kev Paub | Cov teeb meem hais lus kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv txoj kev uas lub hlwb tswj hwm cov lus, xws li kev nco qab, kev mloog zoo, thiab kev daws teeb meem. |
| Kev Pub Noj thiab Kev Nqos | Cov leeg nqaij hauv qhov ncauj thiab caj pas uas siv rau kev hais lus kuj pab nqos, yog li cov kws kho kev hais lus kuj pab cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem nqos (dysphagia). |
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tus kws kho kev hais lus tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas txhua yam teeb meem no kom raug thiab tsim ib txoj kev npaj kho mob uas tsim nyog rau lawv.
Tus kws kho kev hais lus ua dab tsi tiag?
Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias txhua yam uas cov neeg no ua yog qhia cov menyuam kom 'hais lawv cov ntawv'. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ib feem xwb. Lawv lub luag haujlwm nyuaj dua li ntawd. Ua ntej, lawv ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho ntawm tus neeg mob., qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem tseeb tau txiav txim siab lawm. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd thiaj li tsim tau ib txoj kev npaj kho mob tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg ntawd.
Nov yog qee cov kev pabcuam uas lawv muab:
| Kev Pabcuam | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Pab tsim cov suab | Lawv xyaum ua kom cov suab raug los ntawm kev tswj lawv tus nplaig thiab daim di ncauj. |
| Pab kom hais lus meej meej | Lawv qhia tej yam xws li kev ua pa thiab cov hau kev los tswj qhov ceev ntawm kev hais lus kom tswj tau kev hais lus tsis meej. |
| Ua kom cov leeg ntawm lub qhov ncauj muaj zog | Muaj kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb los txhawb cov leeg nqaij uas xav tau rau kev hais lus thiab nqos. |
| Pab kom kawm thiab siv cov lus | Lawv raug qhia kom kawm cov lus tshiab, tsim kab lus, thiab qhia cov tswv yim. |
| Lwm Txoj Kev Sib Txuas Lus (AAC) | Cov neeg uas hais tsis tau lus raug qhia kom qhia lawv tus kheej siv cov duab, lus piav tes, lossis cov khoom siv computer tshwj xeeb (Augmentative and Alternative Communication systems). |
| Kev qhia tsev neeg | Tsev neeg thiab cov neeg saib xyuas tau txais kev qhia txog kev sib txuas lus nrog tus neeg mob hauv tsev thiab yuav ua li cas pub rau lawv noj. |
Yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia dab tsi rau txoj haujlwm no?
Kev ua ib tug kws kho kev hais lus tsis yog ib txoj kev yooj yim. Nws yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau xyoo los mob siab rau thiab kawm tshwj xeeb. Kuj muaj cov kev kawm qib siab hauv Sri Lanka uas paub zoo rau qhov no. Cov kauj ruam hauv txoj kev no feem ntau yog raws li nram no.
1. Tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab hauv ib qho chaw uas tsim nyog
Feem ntau, cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tsoomfwv xws li University of Kelaniya muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav B.Sc. (Hons) hauv Kev Kho Mob Hais Lus thiab Kev Kho Mob Lus (SLT) tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no. Qhov no yog chav kawm plaub xyoos. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kawm cov ntsiab lus xws li Kev Xav kuj tuaj yeem yog lub hauv paus.
2. Kawm tiav qib siab (yog tias tsim nyog)
Muaj ib txhia neeg kawm tiav qib Master's Degree tom qab lawv kawm tiav qib undergraduate kom tau txais kev paub tshwj xeeb ntxiv. Qhov no tso cai rau lawv kawm tob txog ib qho kev kawm tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, teeb meem hais lus rau menyuam yaus lossis teeb meem hais lus ntsig txog cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb .
3. Yuav tsum muaj kev xyaum ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Thaum lub sijhawm kawm tiav thiab tom qab kawm tiav, koj yuav tsum tau kawm ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob nrog tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog thiab muaj kev paub dhau los. Qhov no yog qhov uas koj tuaj yeem kawm cov yam hauv phau ntawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg mob thiab ntsib lawv.
4. Tau txais kev sau npe ua kws tshaj lij
Yuav ua haujlwm ua tus kws kho kev hais lus hauv Sri Lanka, feem ntau koj yuav tsum sau npe nrog Sri Lanka Medical Council (SLMC) lossis pawg sab laj tsim los rau kev pabcuam kho mob ntxiv. Qhov no yog qhov pov thawj koj qhov kev tsim nyog.
Muaj cov haujlwm ua tus kws kho kev hais lus nyob qhov twg?
Thaum twg koj tsim nyog lawm, ces muaj ntau qhov chaw uas tus kws kho kev hais lus ua haujlwm tau. Qhov no kuj yog ib qho chaw uas tab tom loj hlob hauv Sri Lanka thiab.
- Cov tsev kho mob pej xeem thiab ntiag tug: Cov kws kho kev hais lus feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv cov chav kho mob hauv tsev kho mob.
- Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv: Lawv cov kev pabcuam yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev xav tau kev kawm tshwj xeeb.
- Cov Chaw Kho Mob Rov Qab Zoo: Cov chaw no tau teeb tsa rau cov neeg xiam oob qhab thiab cov neeg uas tab tom rov zoo los ntawm kev raug mob.
- Kev Kho Mob Ntiag Tug: Koj tuaj yeem khiav koj lub tsev kho mob lossis mus xyuas cov tsev thiab muab kev kho mob.
- Cov Tsev Kawm Qib Siab thiab cov koom haum tshawb fawb: Muaj cov cib fim los ua haujlwm ua cov kws qhia ntawv los cob qhia cov kws kho kev hais lus yav tom ntej thiab ua cov kws tshawb fawb uas tshawb nrhiav tej yam tshiab hauv daim teb no.
Nco ntsoov, yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj paub muaj teeb meem hais lus, nkag siab lus, lossis nqos zaub mov, mus ntsib kws kho mob ua ntej .Nrhiav kev pab tswv yim. Yog tias tsim nyog, tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws kho kev hais lus uas tsim nyog.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Tus kws kho mob hais lus yog ib tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj peev xwm heev uas pab cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem hais lus, hais lus, sib txuas lus, thiab nqos.
- Txhua tus neeg txhua lub hnub nyoog, txij li cov menyuam yaus mus txog cov neeg laus, xav tau lawv cov kev pabcuam.
- Kev nkag mus rau hauv txoj haujlwm no yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab thiab kev cob qhia kho mob uas yuav tsum tau ua.
- Yog koj xav tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj teeb meem hais lus lossis hais lus tsis tau zoo, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg. Nws yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb uas haum rau koj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus