Koj puas muaj pob zeb zoo li no nyob hauv koj lub qhov muag? Cia peb kawm txog Optic Disc Drusen!

Koj puas tau xav tias, "Auj, kuv ob lub qhov muag puas zoo?" Qee zaum, tej yam me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv peb lub qhov muag uas peb tsis paub txog. Ib yam zoo li ntawd yog ib qho mob hu ua Optic Disc Drusen, uas peb yuav tham txog hnub no. Tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav tham txog qhov no yooj yim xwb.

Optic Disc Drusen yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, Optic Disc Drusen yog cov pob me me ntawm cov calcium thiab cov rog protein uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub optic disc lossis lub taub hau ntawm lub paj hlwb optic ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Xav txog lawv zoo li cov pob zeb me me. Lo lus "drusen" yog los ntawm lo lus German rau "pob zeb." Cov no tuaj yeem tuab dua lossis tawv dua, dhau sijhawm.

Cov hauv paus ntawm lub paj hlwb optic, lossis peb hu ua "Optic Disc", yog qhov tseeb ntawm koj lub paj hlwb optic. Cov paj hlwb no yog qhov uas nqa yam koj pom mus rau lub hlwb.

Cov drusen no qee zaum tsuas yog tshwm sim rau ib lub qhov muag xwb (`Uilateral`). Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau (kwv yees li 75%) lawv pom muaj rau ob lub qhov muag (`Bilateral`) . Qee zaum, cov no tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev tsis meej.

Tus mob no muaj ntau npaum li cas? Leej twg muaj feem yuav muaj feem ntau tshaj?

Kwv yees li ntawm 1% thiab 2% ntawm cov pej xeem yuav muaj tus kab mob optic disc drusen. Qee cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm 1.8% txog 2.4%. Tus mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua tus, tsis hais poj niam txiv neej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom tias muaj ntau dua me ntsis rau cov neeg dawb piv rau lwm haiv neeg.

Koj paub li cas yog tias koj muaj cov no? Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, cov neeg uas muaj optic disc drusen tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li . Qee zaum, koj tus kws kho qhov muag tsuas yog yuav pom lawv thaum koj mus kuaj qhov muag tas li.

Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus neeg yuav muaj cov tsos mob. Cov no suav nrog:

• Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zeem muag: Qhov no txhais tau tias qee qhov ntawm koj qhov kev pom tag nrho (ob qho tib si qhov muag pom nruab nrab thiab qhov muag pom sab nraud) tsis pom. Tej zaum ib txhia neeg yuav muaj qhov muag tsis pom loj heev . Xav txog tias koj tab tom saib ncaj nraim rau pem hauv ntej thiab tam sim ntawd tsis pom ib tug neeg los ntawm sab.
• Qhov muag yuav pom kev tsis meej lossis tsaus ntuj rau lub sijhawm luv luv.
• Maj mam poob qhov muag pom kev.
• Cov pob dawb los yog daj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm koj lub paj hlwb optic ('Optic Disc')Thaum kws kho mob kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag, lawv yuav pom cov pob . Qee cov drusen pom tau ('visible optic disc drusen'), tab sis qee cov yuav "zais" ('buried optic disc drusen'). Lawv nyuaj rau pom yooj yim.

Xav txog seb, Samantha feem ntau xav tias nws pom tsis meej thaum muaj ib yam dab tsi txav mus rau ntawm nws lub qhov muag. Thaum xub thawj, nws tsis quav ntsej, tab sis tom qab nws mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag , nws thiaj li pom tias nws muaj optic disc drusen hauv ob lub qhov muag.

Vim li cas cov optic disc drusen thiaj tsim?

Drusen yog tsim los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov protein rog thiab lwm yam khoom. Tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau paub meej tias vim li cas cov khoom no sib sau ua ke thiab tuab . Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem yog los ntawm noob caj noob ces . Qhov no txhais tau tias yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj tus mob no, koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua los mob nws thiab.

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas? Lawv ua cov kev kuaj dab tsi?

Feem ntau, koj tus kws kho qhov muag tuaj yeem pom cov drusen no thaum lub sijhawm kuaj qhov muag. Tom qab ntawd lawv tuaj yeem ua cov kev kuaj xws li cov no kom paub meej ntxiv:

• Kev kuaj pom kev: Qhov no xyuas koj qhov kev pom kev thiab seb puas muaj thaj chaw twg uas koj tsis pom.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Qhov no yog kev thaij duab siv thev naus laus zis siab heev. Zoo li thaij duab sab hauv lub qhov muag thiab saib nws ib txheej dhau ib txheej. Nws tuaj yeem qhia qhov chaw thiab qhov loj ntawm drusen.
• Ultrasound : Qhov no kuj yog kev luam theej duab los saib sab hauv lub qhov muag. Nws pab tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev nrhiav cov drusen uas faus rau hauv.
• Kev luam theej duab CT ('CT - computed tomography scan'): Qee zaum kev luam theej duab no kuj tseem yuav ua tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrhiav cov calcium uas tso rau hauv.
• Kev siv tshuaj fluorescent angiography: Qhov no siv lub koob yees duab tshwj xeeb thiab cov xim fluorescent los thaij duab sab hauv qab ntawm lub qhov muag. Qhov no ua rau pom tau cov hlab ntsha .
• Fundus autofluorescence: Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj kev thaij duab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tas yuav txhaj tshuaj zas. Qhov kev kuaj no yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov xim hu ua "Lipofuscin" uas muaj nyob hauv peb lub cev (uas sib sau ua ke thaum peb laus lossis hauv qee yam mob).

Puas muaj kev kho rau qhov no? Yuav ua li cas thiaj tswj tau qhov no?

Yog koj muaj mob optic disc drusen, tej zaum koj yuav tsis tas yuav kho lossis tswj hwm tshwj xeeb . Tam sim no tseem tsis tau phais lossis kho tau tus mob no. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, feem ntau cov neeg tsis tas yuav txhawj txog nws.

Yog tias kuv muaj Optic Disc Drusen, kuv yuav tsum xav li cas?

Feem ntau, cov neeg mob uas muaj optic disc drusen yuav muaj mob hnyav heev . Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus neeg mob yuav pom kev tsis meej pem . Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tshwm sim tau.

Tsis tshua muaj, cov drusen no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem. Cov teeb meem tsis tshua muaj no suav nrog:

• Cov choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM): Cov no yog cov hlab ntsha tshiab uas tsis zoo li qub uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag. Lawv tuaj yeem los ntshav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev zoo. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, kev kho mob laser yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob los ntshav.
• Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): Qhov no yog thaum cov ntshav mus rau cov hlab ntsha optic raug txo qis, ua rau puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha.
• Kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag: Kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov muag.

Cov no yog cov xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj, yog li ntawd tsis txhob ntshai tsis tsim nyog.

Qhov xwm txheej no puas txaus ntshai?

Txawm tias koj pom qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub zeem muag los xij, Optic Disc Drusen feem ntau tsis yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai . Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam mob. Yog vim li cas cov lus qhia kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Puas muaj ib txoj kev los tiv thaiv cov no kom tsis txhob tshwm sim?

Tu siab kawg li, tam sim no tseem tsis tau muaj ib txoj kev los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab mob optic disc drusen no.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas koj ob lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua (kev kuaj qhov muag tsis tu ncua). Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov kev pom kev , mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej txog dab tsi, txawm tias nws yog me me los xij.

Qhov txawv ntawm Optic Disc Drusen thiab lwm yam kab mob qhov muag yog dab tsi?

Drusen zoo li lwm yam mob qhov muag, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv.

Tsis txhob tsis meej pem nrog papillomas!

Muaj ib txhia neeg hu qhov mob optic disc drusen ua "pseudopapilledema." "Pseudo" txhais tau tias cuav, txhais tau tias nws tsis yog qhov tseeb.

PapilledemaQhov no yog thaum lub siab hauv koj lub taub hau (lub siab hauv lub hlwb) ua rau lub disc optic o. Qhov no yog xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob.

Cov hlab ntsha optic disc drusen kuj tseem ua rau cov hauv paus paj hlwb optic zoo li o, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov o tiag. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj hu ua 'Pseudopapilledema'.

Glaucoma thiab Optic Disc Drusen

Ob qho tib si glaucoma thiab optic disc drusen tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog koj qhov muag pom. Qee zaum, ob qho tib si tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ke. Yog li ntawd, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsum paub qhov txawv ntawm ob qho tib si . Glaucoma yog ib qho mob qhov muag loj heev uas xav tau kev kho mob.

Puas muaj kev sib txuas nrog Retinitis Pigmentosa?

Cov neeg uas muaj tus mob hu ua retinitis pigmentosa (RP) yuav muaj feem mob optic disc drusen ntau dua li cov pej xeem feem ntau. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no yog siab heev rau cov neeg uas muaj qee hom RP thiab rau cov neeg uas muaj tus mob hu ua Usher syndrome .

Puas muaj teeb meem Noonan syndrome thiab?

Noonan syndrome yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm noob caj noob ces. Cov neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no yuav muaj teeb meem nrog kev loj hlob ntawm lub optic disc. Yog li ntawd, ib tus neeg uas muaj Noonan syndrome kuj tseem yuav muaj optic disc drusen.

Hauv kev xaus lus, tej yam uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Zoo, yog li peb tau tham ntau txog Optic Disc Drusen. Xaus lus, ntawm no yog qee yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Cov pob zeb optic disc drusen yog cov calcium thiab cov protein rog uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hlab ntsha optic hauv lub qhov muag.
• Muaj coob tus neeg tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li.
• Feem ntau tus mob no tsis txaus ntshai , tab sis qee zaum, qee qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag lossis teeb meem yuav tshwm sim.
• Tam sim no tsis muaj kev kho lossis kev kho mob tshwj xeeb rau qhov no.
• Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus kuaj koj ob lub qhov muag tsis tu ncua thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv hauv koj qhov muag.

Nco ntsoov tias, koj ob lub qhov muag yog qhov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws uas koj muaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog koj lub luag haujlwm los saib xyuas lawv kom zoo. Tsis txhob saib qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov muag tsis tseem ceeb rau txhua qhov laj thawj.

Yog koj xav paub ntxiv txog qhov no, nrog koj tus kws kho qhov muag tham. Nws tuaj yeem qhia koj ntxiv.