Cov neeg tiv thaiv peb lub cev no yog leej twg? Cia peb kawm txog cov tswv cuab ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob!
Xav txog nws, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis yog ib yam xwb, nws zoo li ib pab pawg loj. Txhua tus tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg no, uas yog, ntau hom hlwb thiab cov kab mob hauv peb lub cev, ua haujlwm ua ke los ua tiav txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv no. Txhua tus muaj lawv lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb.Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb (Leukocytes) - Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas Peb Lub Cev
Cov phab ej tseem ceeb ntawm pab tub rog tiv thaiv no hu ua cov qe ntshav dawb (Leukocytes) . Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov tias cov ntshav muaj cov qe ntshav dawb thiab cov qe ntshav liab. Cov qe ntshav dawb ntawd yog cov tub rog ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Muaj ntau hom qe ntshav dawb (Leukocytes), ib yam li muaj cov tub rog sib txawv hauv ib pab tub rog.Phagocytes - cov tub rog ua haujlwm hnyav uas nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob
Cov phagocytes yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes). Lo lus "phagocyte" txhais tau tias "tus noj hlwb." Koj tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm lub npe nws tus kheej txog yam lawv ua. Yog lawm, cov phagocytes no ua haujlwm heev. Yam lawv ua yog nrhiav cov khoom xws li cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, nyob ib puag ncig lawv, thiab, kom meej meej , 'rhuav lawv ua tej daim thiab nqos lawv.' Ib yam li thaum peb niam pom qee yam khib nyiab hauv peb lub tsev, nws txhuam nws nrog txhuam, cov hlwb no kuj tshem tawm cov khoom tsis tsim nyog thiab cov kab mob ntawm lub cev thiab ntxuav nws.Neutrophil - kws tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv cov kab mob
Lwm tus tswv cuab tseem ceeb ntawm pawg hu ua phagocytes yog hom cell hu ua neutrophil . Lawv tshwj xeeb tawm tsam cov kab mob bacterial.Tawm tsam. Xav txog, qee zaum thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob nrog mob caj pas, tus kws kho mob hais tias, "Qhov no yuav tsum yog kab mob bacterial, cia peb kuaj ntshav." Ib qho ntawm cov khoom uas lawv saib yog tus lej ntawm cov hlwb neutrophil. Thaum muaj kab mob bacterial kis thoob plaws hauv lub cev, peb lub cev tsim cov hlwb neutrophil no ntau heev los tawm tsam cov neeg nkag mus. Yog li ntawd, yog tias qhov kev kuaj ntshav qhia tias tus lej tau nce ntxiv, tus kws kho mob nkag siab tias muaj qee yam kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Tsis yog cov neutrophils no xwb, kuj muaj ntau hom phagocytes sib txawv, txhua tus ua nws txoj haujlwm los tiv thaiv lub cev.Lymphocytes - cov tub rog ntse uas nco ntsoov cov yeeb ncuab thiab sib ntaus
Ib pawg tseem ceeb heev, ntse me ntsis ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (Leukocytes) hu ua Lymphocytes . Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv tsis tsuas yog paub cov yeeb ncuab (kab mob) uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, tab sis kuj nco qab cov yeeb ncuab ntawd . Ib yam li cov tub ceev xwm khaws cov ntsiab lus thiab cov duab ntawm cov neeg ua txhaum cai kom lawv paub lawv yog tias lawv pom lawv dua. Qhov ntawd yog li cas cov Lymphocytes no ua haujlwm. Muaj ob hom Lymphocytes no tseem ceeb. Lawv yog B Lymphocytes thiab T Lymphocytes . Ob qho no pib tsim hauv peb cov pob txha. Thaum B lymphocytes loj hlob nyob ntawd, T lymphocytes mus rau lwm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, lub qog thymus (nyob rau sab saud ntawm peb lub hauv siab), qhov chaw uas lawv tau kawm zoo thiab npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua.B Lymphocytes - zoo li cov tub ceev xwm tub rog
Xav txog B Lymphocytes ua cov tub ceev xwm txawj ntse hauv peb lub cev pab tub rog. Lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txheeb xyuas cov yeeb ncuab, uas yog, cov kab mob, uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab qhia rau lwm tus paub, "Nov yog tus yeeb ncuab!" Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, tab sis cov B cell no yog cov uas tsim ib hom 'riam phom' tshwj xeeb, uas peb hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob . Peb yuav tham txog qhov ntawd me ntsis.T Lymphocytes - Cov commandos uas mus ncaj qha rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua
Tam sim no, cov T lymphocytes yog leej twg? Lawv yog cov tub rog pem hauv ntej ntawm peb cov tub rog, zoo li cov tub rog commandos . Tom qab cov B cell hu tawm, "Nov yog ib tug yeeb ncuab, qhov no yog nws!", cov T cell mus ncaj qha mus rhuav tshem cov cell uas nkag los, txawm tias nws yog peb cov cell uas tau kis tus kab mob lossis cov cell mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv yog cov uas ua qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag.Yog li koj pom, puas yog? Cov qe ntshav B thiab cov qe ntshav T ua haujlwm ua ke ua ib pab pawg los tiv thaiv peb lub cev zoo heev!
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm li cas? Nws yog ib qho zoo kawg nkaus!
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb lub kaw lus tiv thaiv zoo kawg no ua haujlwm li cas. Nws yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj heev, thiab zoo kawg nkaus.Txheeb Xyuas Cov Antigens - Koj yuav tsum paub tus yeeb ncuab kom meej!
Txhua yam uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev los ntawm sab nraud thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj, piv txwv li, cov kab mob (kab mob, cov kab mob), cov tshuaj lom, paj ntoos, thiab lwm yam, muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb ntawm lawv qhov chaw. Hauv kev kho mob, cov cim no hu ua antigens . Cov no zoo li lub cim ntawm cov khaub ncaws ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo heev ntawm kev lees paub cov antigens no. Lawv paub sai sai tias, "Auj, qhov no tsis yog ib tus ntawm peb, qhov no yog lwm tus neeg!"Yuav ua li cas ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab sib ntaus - tawm tsam nrog cov riam phom tshwj xeeb
Koj puas nco qab cov B Lymphocytes uas peb tau hais ua ntej lawm? Lawv yog cov uas, thaum lawv paub txog cov antigens no, tau txais lub cim los ua ib hom protein tshwj xeeb. Cov protein tshwj xeeb no yog yam peb hu ua antibodies . Qee zaum lawv kuj hu ua immunoglobulins . Cov antibodies no yog tshwj xeeb heev. Txhawm rau kom phim txhua antigen, cov antibodies uas tshwj xeeb rau antigen ntawd raug tsim tawm. Yog hais kom meej, lawv zoo li tus yuam sij tshwj xeeb uas haum rau txhua lub xauv. Thaum lawv pom cov antigen cuam tshuam, cov antibodies no mus thiab 'xauv' nrog nws, uas yog, lawv khi. Thaum lawv khi zoo li no, tus neeg nkag teb chaws, uas yog, tus kab mob, tsis tuaj yeem ua nws txoj haujlwm. Nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm, lossis nws yuav 'cim' hauv txoj kev uas cov hlwb zoo li phagocytes tuaj yeem ntes thiab rhuav tshem nws tau yooj yim.Kev nco thiab kev ruaj ntseg mus sij hawm ntev - yog tias tus yeeb ncuab qub rov qab los dua ...
Nov yog lwm yam zoo kawg nkaus txog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau tsim ib zaug feem ntau nyob hauv peb lub cev, lossis cov qe ntshav B uas ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawd tseem nyob ua "cov qe ntshav nco qab." Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias yog tias tib yam kab mob sim nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev dua, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav nco qab nws zoo! "Auj, qhov no yog tus yeeb ncuab qub!" Nws paub sai sai thiab pib ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb sai dua thiab ntau dua li yav dhau los. Tom qab ntawd, ua ntej tus kab mob ntawd muaj lub sijhawm ua rau muaj kab mob, peb txoj kev tiv thaiv yuav rhuav tshem nws.Yog vim li ntawd thaum koj muaj tus kab mob zoo li mob qaib ntxhw , koj yuav tsis rov qab mob dua yooj yim. Peb lub cev tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov hlwb nco qab tiv thaiv nws, yog li ntawd yog tias tus kab mob qaib ntxhw rov qab los, peb lub cev npaj txhij los tawm tsam nws. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua kev tiv thaiv kab mob .Hais yooj yim xwb, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mobQhov no yog yam uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua. Ua ntej tus kab mob tshwm sim, ib qho kab mob uas tsis muaj zog lossis tuag lawm (lossis ib feem ntawm nws) raug muab rau lub cev, thiab peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob raug qhia kom paub txog nws, tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam nws, thiab khaws cia qhov kev nco ntawd. Tom qab ntawd, yog tias tus kab mob ntawd tuaj tiag tiag, peb lub cev yuav tawm tsam nws yam tsis muaj mob.
Me ntsis ntxiv txog peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib lub cev uas nyuaj heev, thiab nws sib npaug zoo. Qee zaum lub cev no yuav ntxhov siab me ntsis. Piv txwv li:- Yog tias peb tsis tsaug zog zoo
- Yog tias cov khoom noj uas peb noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv qis
- Yog tias peb pheej ntxhov siab tas li
Hauv kev xaus lus, cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)
Tam sim no koj nkag siab tias pab tub rog no hu ua lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lub cev zoo kawg nkaus, muaj peev xwm, thiab tseem ceeb npaum li cas.- Nws yog peb lub cev txoj kev tiv thaiv ntuj: nws yog lub kaw lus no uas tiv thaiv peb ntawm cov kab mob uas tsis pom.
- Ib pawg ntawm cov hlwb tshwj xeeb: Ntau hom hlwb dawb (xws li phagocytes thiab lymphocytes ) ua haujlwm ua ke los ua txoj haujlwm no.
- Paub thiab nco qab cov yeeb ncuab: Nws paub cov antigens , ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam lawv, nco qab qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawd, thiab ua haujlwm sai sai yog tias tus yeeb ncuab ntawd rov qab los dua.
- Peb kuj yuav tsum tau pab thiab: Peb kuj tuaj yeem ua kom lub kaw lus no muaj zog nrog kev ua neej noj qab haus huv.
Yog li ntawd, lub sijhawm tom ntej koj mob khaub thuas, tsis txhob ntshai. Nco ntsoov tias, hauv koj lub cev muaj ib pab tub rog me me uas muaj peev xwm heev uas tawm tsam loj los tiv thaiv koj! Cia lawv ua lawv txoj haujlwm, thiab txhawb nqa lawv los ntawm kev so kom txaus thiab noj zaub mov zoo. PebLub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog ib qho khoom plig muaj nqis tshaj plaws rau peb!
Lub Cev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob, Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb, Cov Leukocytes, Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob, Cov Antigens, Cov Kab Mob, Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv , Kev Tiv Thaiv Lub Cev
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus