"Cancer" tih thumal hian min ti hlauhawm deuh vek a ni lawm ni? Mahse medical science a lo thang chho zel a, cancer dona kawng thar leh hlawhtling tak tak tam tak a lo chhuak ta a ni. Vawiin hian enkawl dan hlawhtling tak kan sawi dawn a, a bik takin hnute cancer tan chuan sawi hlawh tak a ni. Hei hi Targeted Therapy an ti a . Eng nge a nih, engtin nge a hnathawh tih leh a chungchanga hriat tur i neihte hi han thlir ila.
A awlsam zawngin, Targeted Therapy chu eng nge ni?
Ngaihtuah teh, chemotherapy hian kan hriat tlangpui angin cell inthen darh chak tak takte chu a tichhia a ni. Hei hian cancer cell chauh ni lovin kan taksaa cell hrisel tak takte pawh a tichhe thei a ni. Chuvangin chemotherapy hian sam tlakchham leh nausea ang chi side effect a thlen fo thin.
Mahse he enkawlna dan Targeted Therapy tih hi chu chu a danglam hle. A dik tak chuan hei hi enkawlna ‘smart’ tak a ni. Cancer cell chauh a target a , a bei bawk . He enkawl dan hian kan taksa ngeia immune system hmangin cancer cells te chu a tichhia a, a nih loh leh cancer cells te thanlenna atana an mamawh signal te chu a block bawk. Hei hian cell hrisel tak takte a tichhe tlem hle. Hei hi a thatna chu chemotherapy aiin a side effect a tlem zawk tlangpui.
He enkawlna hian kawng lian pahnih a thawk a:
1. Antibodies hman dan: Heng antibody te hi kan taksa immune system-a cell bik (special cells) atanga siam a ni. Heng antibody te hi laboratory-ah artificial-a siam a ni a, damdawi atan taksaah pek a ni. Chungte chu cancer cell-ah an inzawm a, an lo thang lian emaw, an tihchhiat emaw a titawp a ni.
2. Small molecule drugs: Heng damdawi hi pill anga ei theih a ni. Cancer cell chhunga signaling pathways te chu block-in hna an thawk a, chu chuan an inthen darh a, an lo thang lian ta a ni.
I doctor chuan i hnute cancer chi dik tak a zirin eng targeted therapy chi nge i tan a tha tih a rel ang.
HER2-Positive Breast Cancer leh a enkawl dan
Hnute cancer vei zinga 20% vel, a nih loh leh mi panga zinga pakhat vel hian `HER2` tih gene-ah chhiatna an nei a ni. He defect hian gene hian copy tam lutuk a siam thin. Cancer cell-a `HER2` protein a tam lutuk chuan chu cancer chu "HER2-positive breast cancer" kan ti thin.
I cancer hi `HER2-positive` a nih chuan a tan targeted therapy treatment bik, tangkai tak tak a awm a ni.
- Trastuzumab hmanga damdawi hman tur : .Hei hi `HER2-positive` cancer enkawlna atana targeted therapy ber a ni. He damdawi hi brand hming hrang hrang `Herceptin`, `Kanjinti`, `Ogivri` hmanga lei theih a ni. Vein chhunga injection pek a ni. Kawngpui pathum hmangin cancer a control thei nia rin a ni a, chungte chu:
- Cancer cells te hi a chung lamah an innghat a, an lo thang lian thei lo.
- Kan taksa hriselna (immune system) signal pein cancer cells te tihchhiat nan a pui thin.
- Chemotherapy nena pek a nih chuan chutiang enkawlna hlawhtlinna a tipung a ni.
- Pertuzumab: He damdawi hi `Perjeta` brand name hmanga siam a ni a, `HER2-positive` cancer dotu antibody dang pek a ni bawk. `Trastuzumab` leh chemotherapy damdawi `docetaxel` nen pek dun a ni fo. Amaherawhchu, naupai tan chuan a tha lo hle a, nausen piang lai chu a tichhe thei a ni.
- Damdawi dang: `Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla), `Margetuximab (Margenza), leh `Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (Enhertu)` te pawh hi tunlai damdawi chi hrang hrang tan hian pek an ni a, a bik takin cancer a darh (advanced) emaw, enkawlna dang a hlawhchhamna emaw a nih chuan.
- Pills: Lapatinib (Tykerb) leh Neratinib (Nerlynx) te hi HER2-positive cancer tan targeted drug a ni a, pill anga ei theih a ni. Hengte hi enkawlna dang zawhah pawh pek a ni fo bawk.
HER2-Negative Breast Cancer enkawl dan tur
I cancer cell-te hian a chunga kan sawi tak `HER2` gene defect, `HER2` protein a tam lutuk lo tihna a nih chuan chu cancer chu "HER2-negative breast cancer" an ti a ni. Tichuan enkawlna chi dang pek i ni ang.
Hetiang cancer chi hrang hrang tan pawh hian targeted therapy damdawi bik a awm bawk.
- Damdawi `Everolimus (Afinitor), `Palbociclib (Ibrance),` leh `Ribociclib (Kisqali)` te hi hormone therapy nen an ei dun thin. Hengte hi hmeichhia, a bik takin menopause hnua an cancer natna a darh tawhte enkawlna pek thin a ni.
- PARP Inhibitors: I cancer chu HER2-negative a nih a, BRCA gene mutation i neih chuan damdawi class bik PARP inhibitors an tih, Olaparib (Lynparza) leh Talazoparib (Talzenna) te pek i ni thei. Hengte hi cancer cells bik targeted therapies an ni bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu heng enkawlna zawng zawng hi i cancer genetic leh cellular level atanga teh a ni. Chuvangin he thu hi i doctor nen uluk taka sawiho a, i tana tha ber tur enkawl dan tur thlan a pawimawh.
Side effects awm fo chu engte nge ni?
Sawi tawh ang khan chemotherapy aiin side effect tlem zawk awm mahse targeted therapy hian side effect thenkhat a la nei thei tho. Chungte chu damdawi hrang hrangah a inang lo. Side effect i neih chuan doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh . A tam zawkah chuan thunun theih an ni.
| Side Effect awm tlangpui |
|---|
| Allergic reaction - vun natna, vun hring. |
| Nausea leh luak chhuak. |
| Khawsik leh khawsik. |
| Taksa na, hahna leh chak lohna. |
| Thâwk lak harsatna leh hliam. |
| Luak chhuak . |
Engtin nge emergency kan hriat theih ang?
A hnuaia chhinchhiahna pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan emergency a ni thei. Anmahni chu ngaihthah ngai suh. Doctor call nghal rawh. Amah i thlen theih loh chuan damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal la.
| Heng chhinchhiahnate hi ngun takin ngaihven rawh! | |
|---|---|
| Khawsik: Khawsik 100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius) aia sang. Chill hnua khawsik i neih chuan doctor hnenah hrilh nghal rawh. | Kawng lama harsatna: Ka chhunga hliam thar, hmul var, lei hring, emaw, hmui thisen chhuak. |
| Kawngkhar na: Kawngkhar a vawt, a na, a hrual, a nih loh leh "swollen" tih hriatna. | Khuh: Khuh thar emaw, khuh chhunzawm zel emaw. |
| Zun lama harsatna: Zun tam, zun kawng infection, zun chhunga thisen awm. | Pum lam harsatna: Lung natna nasa tak, luak chhuak, luak chhuak, chaw ei kham, emaw ni 2-3 aia rei riltam. |
| Thâwk harsa: Tlemte thawhrimna pawh nise thawk a tawi. | Thisen chhuak pangngai lo: Ekvah thisen a awm. |
| Swelling: Ke emaw, ke ruh emaw vel a hring. | Chauhna nasa tak: Engmah tih theih loh khawpa chau anga inhriatna. |
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Targeted Therapy hi tunlai enkawlna hmanraw tha tak a ni a, a bik takin hnute cancer cells te chu a target a, a bei a, chemotherapy pangngai nen a danglam hle.
- I enkawlna chi chu cancer i neih danah a innghat ang (e.g., `HER2-positive` emaw `HER2-negative` emaw a nih leh nih loh). Hei hi hriat chian nan hian test bik an nei thin.
- Heng enkawlnate hian side effect a nei thei bawk a, chuvangin i doctor hnenah inthlak danglamna emaw, i rilru hahna emaw i neih apiang chu inhawng takin sawi rawh.
- Emergency symptoms, khawsik sang, thawk harsa, leh natna danglam tak tak te chu fimkhur reng ang che. Chung zinga pakhat tal i hriat chuan doctor thurawn la nghal rawh.
- Cancer enkawlna hi kan zinkawng a ni. He zinkawngah hian i doctor leh healthcare team te hi i thawhpui tha ber an ni. Chuvangin anmahni ring la, thawk ho rawh.
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