I chhungkaw history-ah cholesterol sang a awm em? Hemi chungchang hi han sawi ila (Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia - HeFH) .

Lung natna laka inven nan i cholesterol i enkawl a ngai tih i hre tawh ngei ang. Mahse, a chang chuan i ei leh in leh exercise i control pawhin i cholesterol level chu a tlahniam lo mai mai. I chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan kum naupang takah heart attack a nei tawh pawh a ni mai thei. Hei hi chhungkaw hrang hranga kal thin genetic condition vang pawh a ni thei. Chu chu tunlaia kan sawi tum dinhmun chu a ni, Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia, a tawi zawngin HeFH . Doctor-in hetiang hi i nei tih a hrilh che chuan a rang thei ang bera enkawl a pawimawh.

HeFH hi eng nge ni tak tak?

HeFH hi pawn lam atanga kan kai natna a ni lo , khawsik ang mai a ni. Kan nu emaw, kan pa emaw atanga kan rochun genetic mutation avanga lo awm a ni. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he genetic mutation hian taksain thisen atanga cholesterol tha lo a paih chhuah theihna a ti tlem a ni.

Ngaihtuah teh, cholesterol hi kan taksa chhunga thisen kalna kawng hrang hrangah a kal a. Chungte chu chi hnih lian tak a ni.

HeFH chungchangah chuan i nu leh pa pakhat hnen atangin gene i rochun a, chu chuan bad cholesterol (LDL) tihbo dan a tichhe a ni . He gene hi i neih chuan i fa hian a neih theihna chance 50% a nei a ni.

A hming ang chiah, Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) tih natna dang i hre tawh mai thei. Hei hi nu leh pa pahnih atanga rochun gene defective vang a ni. HoFH hi HeFH aiin a na zawk hle a, mahse a tlem zawk hle.

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni?

Enkawl loh chuan HeFH hian i LDL cholesterol leh total cholesterol level a ti sang hle thei a ni. He LDL cholesterol tam zawk hi kan thisen kalna kawng bangah a awm khawm thei a, bawlhhlawhin pipe a tikhawlo thei a, thisen kalna tur kawng a ti tawi thei bawk. Hei hi "atherosclerosis" emaw "arteries hardening" emaw kan ti thin.

Chutiang a nih chuan thinlung hian taksa vel thisen pump turin a hma aia nasa zawkin hna a thawh a ngai a ni. Hun a kal zel a, thinlung hi a chhe thei a, thinlung natna a nei thei bawk. Hetiang natna lan chhuahna ber pakhat chu rilru natna a ni a, angina tia hriat a ni. Enkawl loh chuan hei hian heart attack emaw stroke emaw a thlen thei a ni.

Ngaihtuah vat ngai symptoms te

A hnuaia symptoms te hi i neih chuan damdawi in pakhat Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal tur a ni.

• Lung natna lan chhuah dan: 1.1.
• Chest tightness, tightness emaw, na emaw
• Upper back emaw neck emaw a na
• Natna chu kut hnuai lamah a darh chhuak
• Nausea emaw, luak chhuak emaw
• Thâwk harsa
• Stroke natna lan chhuah dan:
• Thusawi harsa
• Kut emaw ke emaw a natna (numbness) a awm
• Hmai sir khata sagging
• Taksa balance hloh

Taksa chunglam (superficial features) te

Cholesterol sang hian a chang chuan taksa chung lamah symptom a nei thei.

Engtin nge he natna hi i vei tih i hriat theih ang?

Test awlsam tlemte a awm a, chu chuan nangmah emaw i fain emaw HeFH an vei leh neih loh hriat theihna tur a ni. A pawimawh ber chu a rang thei ang bera hriatchhuah leh enkawl tir hi a ni. Naupang tê tête chu thinlung natna vei theihna hlauhawm tak ni lo mah se, heng cholesterol sang tak takte hian nakin lawkah lung natna vei theihna a tipung a ni.

Nangmah emaw, i chhungte zinga tu emaw hian a hnuaia mi hi i neih chuan doctor hmu la, sawipui ngei ang che.

• LDL cholesterol level sang tak, diet control ni mahse a tlahniam lo (puitlingah 190 mg/dL aia tam, naupang kum 16 hnuai lam 160 mg/dL aia tam).
• Chhungkaw chhungah cholesterol sang tak neih.
• Mipa chhungte zingah kum 60 an tlin hma emaw, hmeichhia chhungte zingah kum 70 an tlin hma emawa heart attack emaw heart disease emaw nei.
• A chunga kan sawi tak xanthomas ang chi vun hring (skin lumps) awmna.
• A rilru a na.

I doctor chuan heng symptoms te hi physical exam a ti ang. Tin, thisen test hian i cholesterol level a teh ang. HeFH-ah chuan LDL cholesterol level hi 200 mg/dL aia sang a ni tlangpui a, total cholesterol level chu 300 mg/dL aia sang a ni.

Thil engemaw takah chuan thinlung hnathawh enfiahna atana stress test emaw, genetic inthlak danglamna enfiahna atana genetic test bik emaw pawh a tha thei bawk.

Engtin nge enkawl a nih?

HeFH enkawlna tum ber chu i LDL "bad" cholesterol level tihhniam leh thinlung natna laka venhim hi a ni. Hei hian nunphung thlak danglam leh damdawi inkawp a ngai a ni.

Nunphung a inthlak danglam thin

• Ei leh in hrisel: Saturated leh trans fats tamna ei tur (bawngsa, vawk sa, coconut oil, egg yolks, skim milk) ei loh tur. Chu ai chuan thlai, thei, legumes, nut, sangha, leh vawk thau lo te chu i ei tur ah telh la.
• Exercise: I thinlung pumpelh thei thil, kea kal, tui chawi, cycle khalh ang chi, kar khatah ni 4 tal minute 30 tal ti rawh.
• Weight control: I thau lutuk a nih chuan diet leh exercise hmangin i taksa rihna tihtlem tur a ni.
• Meizial zuk loh tur: Meizial zuk hi thinlung natna thlentu a ni a, chuvangin tih dan i neih chuan titawp nghal rawh.

Ruihhlo hmanga enkawl

I doctor chuan damdawi class pakhat statins an tih chu a pe hmasa fo ang . Hengte hian taksain cholesterol a siam theih lohna turin hna a thawk a ni. HeFH-ah hian cholesterol level a sang hle a, chuvang chuan heng damdawi te hi a tam zawka ei a ngai mai thei.

Statin chauh hian a level control nan a tawk lo a nih chuan i doctor chuan damdawi dang a pe ang che.

• PCSK9 inhibitors: Heng damdawi hi injection anga pek thin a ni. Liver hian LDL cholesterol a paih chhuak thei a ni.
• Ezetimibe: He damdawi hian kan ei leh in atanga kan taksain cholesterol a lakluh a tihtlem avangin hna a thawk a ni.

A châng chuan heng damdawi pahnih pathum hi hman dun a ngai mai thei.

Enkawlna dang

Cholesterol level a sang lutuk a, damdawi leh nunphung tihdanglam theih loh chuan LDL apheresis tih damdawi an pe thei che a ni. Hei hi dialysis nen a inang a, i thisen chu machine hmangin a kalpui a, chu chuan LDL cholesterol tha lo chu a filter chhuak a, chu chu i taksaah a rawn luhtir leh a ni.