Kan eizawnna tur hian hna eng emaw zat kan thawk vek a ni lawm ni? Kan ni tam zawk hi kan hnathawhna hmunah kan hmang thin. Mahse, i hnathawhna hmun hian i taksa leh rilru hriselna a nghawng dan hi i ngaihtuah ngai em? A châng chuan kan hnate hi kan ngaihtuah phak loh zawngin kan nunna atana hlauhawm a ni thei. Chuvangin vawiin hian he hnathawhna hmuna hriselna atana hlauhawm kan tawhte, chu chu ‘Occupational Hazards’ tih hi han sawi ila.
A awlsam zawngin, he hnathawhna hmunah hian eng hlauhawmna nge awm?
"Occupational hazard" chu hnathawk hriselna tichhe thei, hliam, natna thlen thei thil eng pawh a ni. Chûngte chu hlauhawm tak a ni thei a, a nih loh leh hun kal zelah taksa a nghawng thei a, natna a thlen thei bawk.
Khawvela institution hriat hlawh tak takte chuan heng risk te hi chi hrang hrangah an then a. Eng nge an nih i en ang u. Hengte hi hriatthiam awlsam zawk nan Sri Lanka rama kan hriat chian em em entîrna hmangin ka sawifiah ang.
| Risk chi hrang hrang | Hrilhfiahna leh entirnan awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Hriselna atana hlauhawm | Hengte hi kan hliam nghal theitu a ni. In sakna hmuna sang tak atanga hnathawk, machine rotating belt bula mi, leiah oil ang chi thil awmna hmun hnim, electric wire khuh tha lo, heng zawng zawng hi he category-ah hian a tel vek tih hi han ngaihtuah teh. |
| Chemical lama hlauhawmna | He risk hi chemical chi hrang hrang hmanga hnathawkte tan a awm a ni. Agriculture-a hman tur pesticide te, silfai nana hman tur tui te, acid te, kang thei thil te, lirthei atanga chhuak carbon monoxide te hian taksaah lutin natna khirh tak tak a thlen nghal thei a, hun kal zelah emaw natna khirh tak a thlen thei a ni. |
| Biological Hazards a awm thei | Chungte chu thil nung avanga lo awm a ni. Entirnan, damdawi ina hnathawk tu emaw chuan thisen emaw, taksa tui dang emaw a tawk thei a, lo lama thawk tu emaw chuan ran ek atanga natna hrik a kai thei a, ran enkawlna hmuna ran natna, mold/fungi, leh virus atanga natna a tawk thei bawk |
| Taksa lama hlauhawmna | Hengte hi kan chhehvela thil awmte, khawih lova min tichhe thei a ni. Entirnan, X-ray room-a thawk, factory ri nasa takah hnathawk, boruak lum leh vawt lutuka thawk, ni chhuahna hmuna thawkte tan ni ênga rei tak awm theihna tur radiation . |
| Ergonomic lama hlauhawmna a awm | Hei hi mi tam takin harsatna an neih a ni. Hei hian kan taksa hian hun kal zelah stress leh strain a khawlkhawm thin. Hun rei tak chhung hmun khata ṭhut (office-a thawkte ang bawkin), chetna inang tih nawn fo (thawmhnaw siamna hmuna awm ang chi), leh thil rit chawi laia dinhmun dik lo hman hian hun rei lote chhung natna a thlen thei a, hun rei tak chhung chu hnungzang, kawr leh kutphah a tichhe thei a ni. |
| Hnathawh Pawl Hnathawh Hlauhawmna | Hei hi kan rilru hriselna tichhe thei direct a ni. Hnathawhna hmuna lungkhamna te, mi tihduhdahna te, mipat hmeichhiatna lama tihduhdahna te, inthliarna te, zah lohna te hian kan rilru leh taksaah nghawng tha lo tak a nei thei a ni. |
Kan himna tur hian tute nge mawhphurtu?
Okay, tunah chuan risk tam tak a awm chuan min humhimtu tur an awm lo tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Dik tak chuan a awm. Ram tin deuhthaw hian hnathawkte himna tur dan, thupek leh institution an nei vek a.
Sri Lanka ramah chuan he thila dan kalphung ber chu Factories Ordinance . Tin, he thil hi a bik taka buaipuitu sorkar agency a awm bawk a, chu chu National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH Sri Lanka ) a ni.
Heng dan leh institution-te hian hnathawk pakhatinHnathawh hmun him leh hrisel neih theihna tur dikna neih tihna a ni. Chutiang chuan a hnuaia diknate hi i nei bawk a ni.
- Hnathawhna hmuna himna leh hriselna lama zirtirna i hriatthiam theih tur.
- Machinery him, quality tha tak hmanga hnathawh tur.
- Hriselna atana hmanraw mamawh (e.g. gloves, helmet, safety belt) hmuh theih nan.
- Chemical tha lo tak tak laka inven nan .
- I hnathawh avanga hliam emaw, natna emaw i neih apiang report tur leh i medical record copy lak tur.
A pawimawh ber chu i hnathawhna hmun hi him lo nia i hriat chuan phunnawi theihna i nei a ni. Chutiang complaint i siam avangin tumahin dik lohna an ti thei lo che.
Engtin nge i himna chu i enkawl?
I inven dan tur chu i hnathawh dan azirin a inang lo thei a, mahse eng hna pawha thil awm tlangpui tlemte a awm.
- I hnathawhna hmun chu tifai takin vawng reng ang che. Thilte chu accident thlen theihna hmunah dah suh.
- Hnathawh tur atana inchei dan tur dik tak inbel rawh. A tul chuan Personal Protective Equipment ( PPE ) hi uluk takin hmang ang che.
- Lifting, bending emaw stretching emaw hian form dik tak hmang rawh. Heng thilte dik lo taka tih hian mahni inhliam suh.
- Machine emaw hmanrua emaw i training loh chu hman tum suh.
- Hnathawh laiin zu emaw ruihhlo emaw hman loh vek tur a ni.
- A tul hunah chawlh la rawh. Thawhrimna chhunzawm zel hian accident a thlen thei bawk.
- Emergency-ah eng nge tih tur tih hre reng ang che. Emergency exit, first aid kit, leh kangmei titawpna hmun te hriat chian.
Accident i neih emaw, hnathawhna avanga natna lanchhuahna (e.g., thawk harsatna, vun allergy, hnungzang na ) i neih chuan, doctor pan nghal vat rawh. Tin, i hnathawhna hmun hi a him lo nia i hriat chuan i hnathawhna hmun, i.e. i boss emaw manager emaw hnenah hrilh hmasa phawt ang che. A tul anga hma an lak loh chuan sorkar agency kaihhnawih (e.g., NIOSH Sri Lanka) hnenah i complain thei ang. I himna tur ngaihtuah nawn leh suh!
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- I hnathawhna hmuna hlauhawm awm thei (Safety, Chemical, Biological, Physical, Ergonomic, Work organization) chungchang hi inzirtir rawh.
- Pawl-in mimal invenna hmanrua (PPE) a pekte hi ngaihthah ngai suh. Dik takin ha rawh.
- Hnathawh atanga taksa natna tenau te pawh ngaihthah suh. Hun rei tak chhunga inhliam tanna a ni thei. I dinhmun (posture) kha ngaihtuah reng ang che.
- Hnathawh hmun him takah dan anga dikna i nei tih hre reng ang che.
- I hnathawhna hmun hi a him lo a nih chuan thu sawi hlau suh. Pakhatnaah chuan management hnenah hriattir la, chu chu a hlawhtlin loh chuan a kaihhnawih thuneitute hnenah hriattir rawh. I hriselna hi thil dang zawng aiin a pawimawh zawk.
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