I fa hian ADHD a nei em? School-a a tanpui theih dan tur chu hetiang hi a ni! (ADHD leh School) 1.1.

I fa hian sikul hna a ngaihven lo em ni? Hmun khata awm a harsat hmel em? Tlem a fidgety lutuk pawh a ni mai thei? Chutiang a nih chuan hei hi ADHD an tih natna a ni thei. He thu i hriat hian hlauthawng suh, a chhan chu a pawimawh ber chu fimkhur hi a ni. Sikulah hian hetiang hian naupang tanpui thei tur thil tam tak a awm a. Kan sawi dawn em ni?

Engtin nge ADHD hian naupang chu sikulah a nghawng?

Naupang ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ) vei chuan ngaihsak, ngaihsak, leh sikula thawhrim a harsa thei hle. Chûng naupangte chu an rilru a buai a, an rilru a buai a, an thusawi nasa lutuk a, a nih loh leh class-a mi dangte hnathawh pawh an tibuai tih i hre tawh mai thei.

Ngaihtuah teh, zirtirtuin class-a zirlai a zirtir lai hian ADHD nei naupang tan chuan ngaihtuahna seng reng leh sawi tumte ngaihtuah reng chu a harsa hle thei a ni. An rilru chu a intlansiak a, tukverh atanga thlir an duh emaw, an bula naupangin eng nge a tih tih en an duh emaw pawh a ni thei. A nih loh leh an ṭhu ngawih ngawih thei lo va, an kut leh ke hmangin thawm te te an siam thei lo. Hei hi tumruh taka an tih a ni lo va, condition-a tel ve a ni. Chuvang chuan naupang hau hian a pui dawn lo.

Chu bâkah, ADHD nei naupang ṭhenkhat chuan zirlai harsatna an tih ang chi dang an hmachhawn thei a, chu chuan sikul hnathawh chu a ti harsa zual thei a ni. Entîr nân, lehkha chhiar, ziak, a nih loh leh math-ah harsatna bik an nei thei a.

Zirtirtuten ADHD symptoms hi engtin nge an hriat?

Vawi tam tak chu ADHD nei naupangte hian an natna an hriat chian hma pawhin sikul an tan thin. Nu leh pate chuan an fa chu mi nalh emaw, a rilru hah deuh emaw niin an ngai mai thei. So, at times like these , zirtirtuten an fateah ADHD chhinchhiahna an hmu hmasa ber fo thin. An fate nena hun tam zawk hmangtu an ni.

Hemi chungchang hi naupang nu leh pate hnenah an sawipui thei a ni. "I fapa/fanu hi class-ah hian a che danglam deuh a, a ngaihven lo deuh niin a lang a, a chang chuan naupang dangte pawh a tibuai thin," an ti mai thei. Zirtirtuin hetiang thil a sawi hian thinrim suh, ngun takin ngaithla zawk ang che. Chumi hnuah chuan nu leh pate chuan naupang chu doctor thiam tak, naupang enkawltu emaw, naupang leh tleirawl rilru lam doctor emaw hnenah an refer thei a, hei hi ADHD a ni tak tak tih hriat chian nan, chutiang a nih chuan a nihna chu eng nge ni tih an hriat chian theih nan.

Engtin nge zirtirtuten ADHD nei naupang chu an puih theih ang?

Doctor-in i fain ADHD a nei tih a finfiah hnuah, i fa zirtirtu zirtirtu zawng zawngte hriattir a pawimawh hle. Hei hi class zirtirtu chauh ni lovin, subject dang zirtirtu zirtirtute hnenah pawh hrilh rawh. Chu chuan i fate mamawh an hriatthiam theih nan a pui ang a, chu mi ang chuan a pui ang a, classroom-ah pawh ngaihven bik a pe bawk ang.

Special education plan (IEP leh 504 plan) te chu engte nge ni?

Zirtirtuten i fain IEP (Individualized Education Program), a nih loh leh 504 plan a mamawh leh mamawh loh hriat theih nan an pui thei che a ni.

Hengte hi American education system-a hmuh theih dan ni mah se, Sri Lanka-ah pawh hian school level-ah naupang mamawh bikte tanpui nan hmanraw hrang hrang a awm bawk. A pawimawh ber chu naupang mamawh puihna bik hriatchhuah a, sikul nena sawiho a, naupang nena inmil tura siam hi a ni.

A awlsam zawngin:

• IEP (Individualized Education Program): Hei hi i fate tana ziaka ruahmanna siam a ni. I fate tana ruahman special education service leh a kaihhnawih service (speech therapy ang chi) a pe a ni. I fa zirtirtu chuan i fain IEP a hlawkpui dawn em tih enfiah turin evaluation neih a rawt thei ang.
• 504 plan: He plan hian naupang mamawh phuhruk nan zirlai boruak siam\hatna tur service leh siam\hatna a pe bawk. Entîr nân, hei hian naupang chu test ziak tûrin hun tam zâwk pêk emaw, classroom-a buaina awm lo zâwkna hmuna ṭhuttîr emaw, assignment-a hun tam zâwk pêk emaw pawh a huam thei a ni.

Sri Lanka-ah hian hetiang naupangte chhawmdawlna tur hian school level leh Ministry of Education level-ah programme hrang hrang leh counselling service hrang hrang a awm a. A pawimawh ber chu i fate zirtirtu leh principal nen inhawng taka sawi dun hi a ni.

Zirtirtu te nena inbiakpawhna mumal tak neih a pawimawhzia

Zirtirtuten i fa hmasawnna chungchang an sawipui thei che a ni. I fate sikula a awm dan te, eng nge an tih that dan te, eng nge an harsatna tawh tih te chu zirtirtu hnenah zawt fo thin ang che. A châng chuan inbiakpawhna lehkhabu, nang leh zirtîrtuin i fate hmasâwnna chungchânga note in insem theih chu note insem dân ṭha tak a ni.

I fain tûn laia class-a zirlai pakhat chu ngun takin a ngaihven a nih chuan, zirtîrtu chuan chu lehkhabuah chuan a ziak thei ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. Tichuan, in lamah i fa chu i fak thei a, ‘Vawiin khan zirtirtu chuan i zir tha hle tih a sawi a, ka lawm hle mai, fapa/fanu,’ i ti thei ang. Tin, i fain in lama tih harsa a tih i hriat chuan emaw, i fate nungchang a inthlak danglam emaw i hriat chuan zirtirtu hnenah pawh i hriattir thei bawk. He kawng hnih a thu inthlengna hi a hlu hle.

Naupang mamawh bikte i hmuchhuak ang u, i \anpui ang u.

Zirtirtuten i fa mamawh bikte chu an ngaihtuah thei a ni. A chhan chu ADHD nei naupang zawng zawng hi an inang vek lo. Mi tinin harsatna kan neih dan a inang lo.

• Naupang ṭhenkhat chuan ngaihven leh thil tihbuaite enkawl tûra ṭanpuina an mamawh a ni.
• Mi dangte chuan inrual taka awm theihna tura ṭanpuina an mamawh a ni – lehkhabu, desk, leh a hun taka awm ang chi thilte.
• Naupang thenkhat chuan hna thawh tan an hreh a, hna an thawh tan tawh chu tihfel harsa an ti bawk.
• ADHD nei naupang thenkhat pawh hian thut reng emaw, ngawi renga hnathawh emaw an harsat thin.

Zirtirtu hnenah, ‘Ka fa ADHD hian classroom-ah engtin nge a nghawng? A sikul hna thawhpui turin in lamah eng nge ka tih theih ang?’ a ti a. He inbiakna zau tak hi i fa thlawpna tha ber a ni.

An fate hlawhtlinna tura zirtirtuten eng nge an tih theih

Naupang mamawh dan azirin zirtirtu chuan classroom-ah thil tam tak a ti thei a ni. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• I fa chu thil tibuaitu tlem zawkna hmunah thuttir rawh: Entîr nân, i fa chu thil tihbuai tlem zâwkna hmunah, tukverh emaw, kawngkhâr emaw bulah, classroom hma lamah, zirtîrtu hnaihah, leh tukverh aṭanga hla takah thuttîr rawh. Chu chuan i fa chu pâwn lama thil thleng leh mi dangte thil tih avânga a ngaihtuahna a tibuai lo tûrin a ṭanpui ang.
• Thupek chiang tak leh thui tak pek: ADHD vei naupangte chuan thupek tawi, chiang tak, step by step-a siam, sawifiahna thui tak aiin, ‘hei hi ti hmasa la, chu chu ti rawh,’ tih ang chite chu awlsam takin an hrethiam thei a ni.
• Classroom-a tih dan awlsam leh dan pangngai vawng rawh: Naupangte tan nitin tih dan chiang leh mumal tak neih a awlsam zawk. ‘Class i lo kal hunah i bag kha hetah hian dah la, i lehkhabu te chu hetiang hian dah rawh’ tih ang chi te. Tichuan eng nge lo thleng dawn tih an hre ta.
• I fate nêna inhmangaih tak, fuih tak, leh ṭha takin awm rawh: I fate thawhrimna chu eng ang pawhin tê tê pawh ni se, fak fo ang che. "Vawiin khan i thawkrim tak zet a, chu chu a ropui hle mai," emaw, "Chhan i tum hi a ropui hle mai," tih ang chi thu sawi hian i fa chu a fuih ang. Hrem aiin fuihna hi a hlawk zawk.
• Inbuatsaihna: I fate chu an lehkhabu leh an dawhkan inrual taka a awm theih nâna ṭanpui te, thil tih tûr list siam tûra ṭanpui te, leh calendar hman thiamtîr te ang chi thilte.
• Zawi zawiin leh hmanhmawh lovin hna thawk turin kaihruai rawh: ADHD nei naupangte hian hna an thawk nghal vat a, an tisual fo thin. ‘Lungngai suh, hun hmang la, zawhna chu ngun takin chhiar rawh’ tih hriattir hi a pawimawh hle.
• I kalna tur kawng zawh tura fuihna pek: Zirna i tih laiin i ngaihtuahna a buai a nih chuan , "Tun dinhmunah khan eng nge kan tih kha, fapa?" emaw, i fate chu an ngaihven theih nân a kekawr ipteah kut pe rawh.
• Classroom chhunga inher kual theihna tur chawlh tlemte pek: Zirlaite tan hmun khata rei tak awm a harsat avangin hna tlemte (e.g., duster lak, lehkhabu rawn ken, zirtirtu dawhkanah thil rawn ken) pek leh che vel theihna hun pek hian tlem a inher kual theihna hun a pe a, an chakna pawh a chhuah tir thei a ni.
• Hna thawh zawh nâna hun tam zâwk pêk: Naupang ṭhenkhat chuan hna thawh zawh nân mi dangte aiin hun rei vak lo an hmang thei a ni. Chutianga tih phalsak chu a pawimawh hle a, a bik takin exam laiin.
• Naupangte chu an hnathawh ennawn leh fimkhur loh taka tihsual hriat thiam zirtir:‘I chhânna kha en leh la, khawi emaw laiah tihsual tlem a awm em, number a inthlak em, lehkha a bo em?’ tih ang chi zirtirna.

Naupang kum upa zawk (A-level, O-level ang chi) engtin nge i tanpui?

Naupang kum upa deuh, chu chu O/L leh A/L ang chi class-a ADHD nei naupangte tan pawh zirtirtuten hetiang thil hi an ti thei bawk:

• Zirna thiamna zirtir: Entirnan, note lak dan hrang hrang zirtir te, mind map siam dan te, aw ring taka chhiar dan te, test leh hun hman dan tur atana inbuatsaih dan te.
• Project lian tak tak, step tam tak nei project leh assignment te chu a tenau zawk, enkawl theih zawkah then rawh: Vawi khata hna lian tak an hmachhawn hian naupangte chuan an buai hle thei a, tan pawh an hreh thei bawk. A tlem zawka then a awlsam zawk a, "A hmasa berin tun kar chhung hian he part hi ti zo la, chutah he part hi ti zo rawh," tih hi a awlsam zawk. Project lian tak ngaihtuah la, "information zawng," "organizing it," "draft ziah," leh "finishing it" tih ang chi chunk-ah then la, chunk tinte chu hun bituk bik pe rawh.

Zirtirtu rilru tha tak neih theihna thiltihtheihna

Heng zawng zawng aiin a pawimawh zawk chu zirtirtu rilru put hmang hi a ni. Zirtirtuten i fate zingah a tha ber berte an rawn pholang thei a ni. Zirtirtuten an zirlai zingah thil tha ber an hmuh hian zirlaiten anmahniah thil tha ber an hmu tan thin. Zirtirtuten naupangte chu ‘naupang tin, ADHD nei emaw nei lo emaw pawh ni se, an thang lian thei a, an zir thei a, an hlawhtling thei bawk’ tih thuchah an pe thei a ni. Hei hi naupang inngaihhlutna leh chêttîrna atân a pawimawh hle. Zirtirtu pakhatin, ‘Hei hi i ti thei a,’ ‘I tha e’ a tih chuan, ‘I tum chuan thil theih loh a ni lo’ a tih chuan naupang chuan tih a tum ang. Naupang tlin lohna aiin a chakna hmutu zirtirtu chu ADHD vei naupangin a neih theih thil hlu ber a ni.

Hriat reng tur pawimawh ber berte (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, i fain ADHD a neih chuan hlauthawng suh. Khawvel tawp a ni lo. Naupang sualna a ni lova, nangma sualna pawh a ni hek lo. A pawimawh ber chu naupang hriatthiam a, a mamawh thlawpna, hmangaihna leh kaihhruaina pek hi a ni.

• A hmasa berin, ADHD dik tak chu doctor thiam tak hnen atangin la rawh. Mahni inhriatthiamna (self-diagnosis) pumpelh rawh.
• Hemi chungchang hi i fa zirtirtute nen inhawng tak leh dik takin sawipui rawh. Sikul-a i fate tanpui tur pawimawh berte an ni. Partnership tha tak siam rawh.
• I fa chaknate hmuchhuak la, fuih rawh. Naupang zawng zawng hi thil engemaw ti thiam vek an ni. Chu chu zawng la, an tihhmasawn theih nan pui rawh.
• In lamah chuan i fa chu fel taka hnathawh dân zirtîr la, tih dân pangngai zawm la, ngaihsak dân zir rawh. Inchhung hna tenau te a tih thiam pawh a tha.
• Zirtirtu te nen thawk hovin naupang tan a inmil tur zirlai kalphung leh sikul chhunga tanpuina siam rawh.
• I fa lakah dawhthei tak leh hmangaihna nei takin awm rawh. Ni engemaw zat chu a harsa ang a, mahse i thlawpna chu i fa tan chakna nasa tak a ni ang. I fa thawhrimna chu fak rawh.
• A tul chuan counseling emaw behavioral therapy emaw ang chi thilte ngaihtuah rawh.

ADHD hi naupang theihna tikhawtlai thei thil a ni lo. Kan enkawl thei a, naupang theihna danglam bikte chu kan hmang tangkai thei a, naupang chu nun hlawhtling leh hlim taka nung turin kan pui thei bawk. He zinkawngah hian nangmah chauh i ni lo va, he zinkawngah hian doctor, zirtirtu leh counselor tam tak an awm a, an pui thei che a, kaihruai thei bawk che a ni.

` ADHD, sikul, zirna, zirtirtu, naupang, ngaihven, hyperactivity, zirlai