Khawi emaw laiah ' Stem Cells ' tih thumal hi i hre tawh ngei ang. Movie-ah emaw, chanchinbuah emaw, internet-ah emaw pawh a ni thei. Ṭhenkhat chuan hei hian natna eng pawh a tidam thei niin an sawi. Midang chuan a hlauhawm deuh an ti bawk. Chuti a nih chuan heng stem cell te hi eng nge ni tak tak? Hei hi damdawi hmalam hun tidanglam thei tur thil a ni tak tak em? Vawiin hian chiang takin, awlsam takin sawi ila.
A awlsam zawngin, heng stem cells te hi engte nge ni?
Leilung ball pakhat hi han ngaihtuah teh. Chu leilung ball atang chuan eng thil pawh kan siam thei a, chu chu doll, pot, rannung ang chi te hi a ni. Chutiang chu stem cells te hi a ni. Hengte hi kan taksaa ‘master cells’ emaw ‘master cells’ emaw an ni. Heng cell te hian theihna mak tak tak pahnih an nei a.
1. Stem cell tam zawk siam (Self-renewal): Stem cell pakhat hian a inthen darh thei a, chi khat stem cell tam zawk a siam thei bawk.
2. Differentiation: Hei hi theihna mak ber a ni. Heng stem cells te hi kan taksa mamawh specialized cell type eng pawhah an inthlak thei a ni. Entirnan, thisen cell , thluak cell ( neurons ), heart muscle cell, vun cell , ruh cell , etc. an lo ni thei.
Kan taksaa cell dang reng reng hian hetiang theihna hi an nei lo. Chuvang chuan doctor leh scientist ten heng stem cell te hi an ngaihven em em a ni.
Engvangin nge stem cell hi a pawimawh em em?
Scientist-te chuan heng cell-te thiltihtheihna hian nakin lawka damdawi hmannaah danglamna nasa tak a thlen thei niin an ngai. Chhan lian pathum vangin an pawimawh a ni.
| Pawimawhna | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Cell hmanga enkawlna (cell-based therapies) te | Mi thinlung pêng pakhat chu natna nei niin han mitthla teh. Stem cell hmanga heart muscle cell thar siam a, natna hmunah kan dah lut thei a nih chuan engtiang chiahin nge a ropui ang? Hei hi regenerative medicine an ti a . Tissue emaw organ chhia siamthat emaw siam thar emaw tihna a ni. |
| Natna lo awm dan hriatthiamna | Laboratory-a stem cell pakhat chu cancer cell emaw, natna vei cell dang emaw-a a lo than chhoh dan kan en hian, chu natnate lo awm tak tak dan chu hriatthiamna thuk zawk kan nei thei a ni. He hriatna hian enkawlna thar zawn kawngah nasa takin a pui dawn a ni. |
| Damdawi thar test | Damdawi thar mi hnena pek a nih hma chuan a him leh tangkai em tih finfiah a ngai a ni. Stem cells hmang hian natna kaihhnawih cell (e.g., liver cells) te chu laboratory-ah tihpun theih a ni a, chu damdawi thar chu chu cell-ah chuan test theih a ni bawk. Hei hian mi chunga test hmain hriatthiamna tha zawk a pe thei a ni. |
Stem cell chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Stem cell chi hnih kan sawi ber a ni.
1. Embryonic Stem Cells te chu a awm a
Hengte hi engkim ti thei ‘super’ cell te an ni. A hming ang bawkin embryo atanga lak chhuah an ni. A bik takin, in vitro fertilization ( IVF ) hnua hman loh embryo atanga zirchianna atan lak a ni a, chu chu hman a ni (nu leh pa remtihna famkim nen).
Heng cell hming dang chu ``pluripotent`` cells tih a ni. Chumi awmzia chu taksaa cell chi hrang hrang an lo ni thei tihna a ni. Hetiang theihna tlemte avang hian natnain a tihchhiat tissue te siamthat theihna nasa tak an nei a ni. Mahse, embryo atanga lak chhuah an nih avangin khawvelah hian he thil chungchangah hian ethical debate engemaw zat a awm a.
2. Puitling Stem Cells te
"Puitling" tih hming pu mah se, heng cell te hi naute, naupang leh puitling zawng zawng taksaah hian an awm vek a ni. Mahse embryonic stem cell angin an chak lo. A tlangpuiin taksa peng hrang hrang, ruhro, vun, thluak leh thin (liver)-ah te hian a tlem hle.
Puitling stem cell hian an awmna tissue bik atan chauh cell an siam tlangpui a, entirnan, vunah stem cell hian vun cell thar a siam thei a, mahse heart cell erawh a siam thei lo.
Science lama hmasawnna thar ber: iPS cells
Tunah chuan Scientist ten thil mak tak an hmuchhuak ta a ni. Kan vun ang bawka cell pangngai, thang lian tak chu an la thei a, laboratory-ah embryonic stem cell ang maia awm turin ‘reprogram’ thei an ni. Chungte chu induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) an ti a. Hei hian embryo nena inzawm ethical issues awm lovin research neih theihna hun remchang tha tak a hawng a ni.
Tunah hian stem cell hmanga enkawlna eng nge hman mek?
Hei hi mi tam takin an hriat duh chu a ni. Hetah hian tuna hlawhtling taka hman mek leh nakin lawka enkawlna beisei turte inthlauhna dik tak kan hriatthiam a ngai a ni
Tunah hian enkawlna pawm leh hman tawhte
Tunlai khawvela stem cell enkawlna hman tlanglawn leh hlawhtling ber chu thisen siamtu stem cell transplant hi a ni . Hei hi ‘bone marrow transplant’ tiin i hre tawh mai thei.
He enkawlna hi a bik takin:
- Thisen cancer (e.g. Leukemia, Lymphoma) tan chuan .
- Thisen natna thenkhat (e.g. `Sickle cell anemia`) tan chuan .
- Cancer natna avanga chemotherapy hmanga tihchhiat bone marrow siam thar lehna tur
Chumi atan chuan stem cells hi donor hrisel tak ruhro atanga lak chhuah a ni a, naupang pian tirh atanga umbilical cord thisen atanga lak chhuah a ni bawk.
Nakin hun tur leh zirchianna lama hmasawnna
Scientist-te chuan stem cell therapies hi nakin lawkah natna tam tak tan hlawhtling taka hman a nih an beisei. Hengte hi research stage-ah an la awm tih hriat reng a pawimawh .
- Parkinson natna a ni
- Alzheimer natna a ni
- Zunthlum
- Lung natna
- Spinal cord hliam a awm
- Arthritis natna a ni
Pawimawh: Pawl pakhatin heng natnate hi "stem cell therapy a guarantee" a tih chuan ngaihtuah nawn leh rawh. Hengte hi routine treatment atan pawm a la ni lo. I doctor nen eng thil pawh sawipui rawh.
Heng enkawlnate hi a him em? Risk a awm em?
Medical technology thar dang ang bawkin stem cell therapy hian a hlauhawmna leh harsatna a nei a. Scientist te hian hengte hi an hre chiang hle a, a chinfel dan tur zawngin hma an la mek a ni.
- Cancer vei theihna: 1.1.Stem cell te hian rang taka inthen theihna an neih avangin a chang chuan thunun theih lohvin an inthen thei a, tumor an siam thei bawk.
- Genetic damage: Laboratory-a cell lo thang lian te hian genetic damage engemaw zat an tawk thei a ni.
- Immune system rejection: Kan immune system ngei hian taksa pawn lam atanga min pek cell te chu a bei thei a, ‘ram dang hmelma’ angin a en thei a ni.
- Enkawlna hman dan hlauhawmna: Cell (e.g., thluak, thinlunga injection) lak emaw, inject emaw tura surgery kalpui dan nena inzawm hlauhawmna.
Heng hlauhawmnate hi tih tlem tumin zirchianna kalpui mek a ni. Chuvangin, phalna nei lo, dinhmun tha lo atanga hetiang enkawlna dawng hi a hlauhawm hle thei a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Stem cell hi ‘master cell’ chi khat bik a ni a, taksa chhunga cell eng pawhah a chang thei a ni. Damdawi lamah pawh theihna nasa tak an nei a ni.
- Tunah hian stem cell therapy hi thisen cancer, leukemia leh thisen natna thenkhat tan chauh hman a ni ber a, a lar ber bawk.
- Diabetes, Parkinson’s, leh heart disease ang chi natna enkawlna hi research stage-ah a la awm a, general use atan pawh phalsak a la ni lo.
- Internet emaw hmun dangah emaw stem cell therapy chungchanga i hmuh apiang i rin hmain i doctor emaw, medical professional thiam tak emaw hnenah zawt hmasa phawt ang che.
- "Stem cell clinic" pawmpui loh, standard lo tak takah fimkhur hle ang che. I hriselna hi hlauhawmah dah suh.
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