He maha ngā wā ka pāngia koe e te maremare kī tonu i te hūpē? I ētahi wā ka whakaaro koe he makariri noa iho, engari ki te mau tonu, he tohu pea nō te mate pūkahukahu e kiia nei ko te bronchiectasis. Kaua e manukanuka, tera pea he nui te ahua o tēnei ingoa, engari ki te mōhio koe ki tēnei, ā, ki te whai koe i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta, ka taea te whakahaere pai. Me kōrero tātou mō ngā mea katoa i roto i ngā kupu māmā.
He aha te Bronchiectasis?
Whakaarohia pēnei: he pūnaha ngongo ririki tā tātou e kawe ana i te hau ki ō tātou pukahukahu. Ka karangatia ēnei ko ngā ara manawa, ko ngā pūkahukahu rānei . Ko te Bronchiectasis he āhuatanga e pakaru ai ēnei ara manawa, ā, ka whānui haere tonu, pērā i te poihau.
Ina pā mai tēnei kino, kāore e taea e ēnei ngongo te whakakore tika i te hūpē kei roto. I te nuinga o te wā, ka mau ngā iroriki me ngā puehu o ngā pukahukahu o te tangata hauora ki roto i te hūpē, ā, ka maremare. Engari i roto i te tangata he mate pūkahukahu, ka nui haere te hūpē i roto i ngā ara manawa kua pakaru. Ka tīmata te tipu o ngā huakita i roto i tēnei hūpē kua kohia. Ka hua ake tēnei i ngā mate maha, ā, ka nui ake te kino o ngā pukahukahu. Nō reira, ka maremare tonu te tinana i a ia e ngana ana ki te tango i tēnei hūpē kua kohia.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te bronchiectasis me te bronchitis?
He tokomaha te hunga e whakapoauau ana i ēnei ingoa e rua nā te mea he āhua ōrite te tangi. He āhua ōrite anō hoki ngā tohu, he huware me te mare i roto i ngā mea e rua. Engari he rerekētanga nui i waenganui i ngā mea e rua.
| Āhuatanga | Te mate pūkahukahu | Bronchitis |
|---|---|---|
| Te āhua o te kino | Ka puta he kino tuturu me te whānui haere o ngā ara manawa. | He mate rangitahi tēnei mō te ara manawa. Kāore e pā kino tuturu. |
| Roanga | He mate mau tonu tēnei. | He mate wā poto (whakapeka) ka memeha i roto i ētahi wiki. |
He aha ngā tohu o te bronchiectasis?
Kāore ēnei tohu e puta i te huarahi kotahi mō te katoa. Tērā pea he tino ngawari ngā tohu o ētahi tāngata, ko ētahi he tino kino ngā tohu. Waihoki, tērā pea he wā e marino ana, ā, muri iho ka "whakanuia" te mate, ka pā mai rānei.
| Ngā tohu noa | |
|---|---|
| Maremare pinepine me te huware | Koinei te tohu matua. I ētahi wā ka puta he wai pupuhi, he kōwhai, he kakariki rānei. |
| Te uaua ki te manawa (Dyspnea) | He uaua ki te manawa, ina koa ka ngenge koe. |
| Ngā makariri maha, ngā mate pūkahukahu rānei | Ka tere ake te puta o te kikī o te uma i ētahi atu. |
| Te wheehe (te whiowhio) i te wā e manawa ana | Ka rangona he oro mai i te korokoro, i te uma rānei i te wā e tukuna ana te manawa. |
| Te mare toto (Hemoptysis) | Tērā pea he iti, he nui rānei te toto e puta mai ana me te hūpē. |
| Te pupuhi o ngā maikuku (te pupuhi o ngā pito o ngā maikuku me te piko o ngā maikuku) | He tohu ka puta mai i te iti o ngā taumata hāora mō te wā roa. |
| Ngā tohu e puta ana ina kino haere te mate (whakanuia ake) | |
| Ngenge rawa (Te ngenge nui) | Tino ngenge te ngenge. |
| Te kirika me te makariri | He tohu kei te pāngia te tinana e te mate urutā. |
| Te uaua haere o te manawa | He uaua ake te manawa i tō te tikanga. |
| Te werawera o te pō | Ko tētahi atu tohu o te mate urutā. |
He aha i puta ai tēnei āhuatanga?
Ka puta te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu i roto i tētahi "porowhita kino". Ka tīmata i tētahi ara tino rerekē. E rua ngā "taahiraa" o tēnei mate.
1. Te Whakatoi Tuatahi: Tuatahi, ka kino ngā ara manawa o ngā pukahukahu i tētahi mate, i tētahi atu mate pāwera rānei.
2. Te Huringa Kino: Nā tēnei kino ka nui haere te hūpē, kaua e horoia tika. Ka tipu te huakita i roto i te hūpē kua kohia. Ka nui ake ngā mate i puta mai i ēnei huakita, ka ngoikore ake ngā pakitara o ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka nui ake te kino. Ka haere tonu tēnei huringa.
I ētahi wā, mō te 40% pea o ngā tūroro, kāore e taea te whakatau i te tino pūtake o tēnei kino tuatahi.
Ngā take matua o te bronchiectasis
- Te Pūkahukahu Kirikiri: He mate ira tēnei e pā ana ki ngā pukahukahu nā te nui haere o te hūpē i roto i te tinana.
- Ngā mate pūkahukahu kino: Ka taea e ngā mate pūkahukahu kino pērā i te niumōnia, te maremare, te mate kohi (TB) rānei i te wā tamarikitanga te whakararu tuturu i ngā pūkahukahu.
- Te ngoikore o te pūnaha ārai mate: Ka taea e ngā mate pēnei i te HIV me ētahi atu ngoikoretanga o te pūnaha ārai mate (pēnei i te hypogammaglobulinemia) te whakararu i ngā mate me te kino hoki i ngā pukahukahu.
- Ngā Mate Pūnaha Ārai Mate:I roto i ngā mate pērā i te Rūmatoid Arthritis (RA) me te Lupus (SLE) rānei, ka taea e ngā pūtau o te tinana te whakaeke me te kino i ngā pukahukahu.
- Te aukati i te ara manawa: Mena ka aukatihia te ara manawa e te pukupuku, te tinana ke, te puku lymph pupuhi rānei, ka kohia te hūpē ki taua rohe ka puta te bronchiectasis.
- Te Aspergillosis Pūkahukahu Mate Pāwera (ABPA): He tauhohenga mate pāwera tēnei ki tētahi momo harore.
- Te Tākirikiri Kiriri Tuatahi: He mate ira anō hoki tēnei. Ka pupū ake te hūpē nā te mea kāore e mahi tika ngā 'huruhuru iti' (cilia) e neke ana i te hūpē i waho o te kanohi, i kōrerohia e tātou i mua ake nei.
Me pēhea te tautuhi a te tākuta i tēnei mate?
Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka āta whakarongo ia ki ō tohu me ō hītori hauora o mua. Kātahi ka whakarongo ia ki tō uma me te stethoscope, ā, ka tūtohu i ētahi atu whakamātautau.
- Matawai CT o te uma: Koinei te huarahi pai ki te tautuhi i te mate bronchiectasis. Ka taea te kite mārama mēnā kua whānui ngā ara manawa o roto i ngā pukahukahu, ā, kua matotoru hoki ngā pakitara. Ahakoa ka taea te mahi i te hihi-X i te tuatahi, ko te matawai CT anake te huarahi hei whakaū i te tautuhi.
- Ahurea Huware: Ka tangohia he tauira o tō huware, ā, ka whakamatautauria te momo huakita e tupu ana i roto hei whakatau mēnā e hiahiatia ana he paturopi.
- Ngā Whakamātautau Mahi o ō Pūkahukahu: Ka tonoa koe kia manawa ki roto, ki waho hoki ki roto i tētahi mīhini hei ine i te pai o te mahi a ō pūkahukahu.
- Ngā whakamātautau toto: Mā ngā whakamātautau toto ka kitea mēnā he mate kei roto i te tinana, he raruraru rānei kei te pūnaha ārai mate.
- Pūnaha tirotiro manawa: I ētahi wā, me tirotiro tō tākuta i roto i ō ara manawa. Ka whakamahia he ngongo iti me te kāmera (pūnaha tirotiro manawa) hei tirotiro mēnā kei te piri tetahi mea ki roto, me te āhua o te hūpē.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?
Ko te mea tuatahi hei maumahara, ko te bronchiectasis he mate e kore e taea te whakaora katoa , nā te mea kāore e taea te whakakore i te kino o ngā pukahukahu. Heoi, mā te maimoatanga tika me ngā huringa momo noho, ka taea e te tini o te tangata te whakahaere i ō rātou tohu me te noho i te oranga noa.
E toru ngā whāinga matua o te maimoatanga:
1. Te tango i te hūpē e kohia ana i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
2. Te whakahaere me te ārai i te mate urutā.
3. Te whakaiti i te mumura i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
| Tikanga maimoatanga | Whakaahuatanga |
|---|---|
| Ngā Tikanga Whakawātea Ara Rere | |
| Ngā mahi manawa me te whakaora tinana | Mā te kaiwhakaora tinana koe e ako ki ngā tikanga maremare me te manawa hei āwhina i a koe ki te tango i te hūpē. Tērā pea kei roto i tēnei ngā tikanga pēnei i te patupatu o te uma. |
| Ngā taputapu hauora | Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā taputapu iti pēnei i ngā taputapu PEP wiri, i ngā koti patupatu rānei e mau ana ki te uma hei āwhina i te wetewete me te tuku i te hūpē. |
| Ngā rongoā | |
| Ngā rongoā paturopi | Ina pā mai ngā mate urutā, ka rongoātia ki ngā pire, ki ngā tirikara, ki ngā take kino rānei, ki ngā rongoā werohanga ā-uaua (IV). I ētahi wā, ka hoatu pea ki a rātou i roto i ngā horopeta iti mō te wā roa hei ārai i ngā mate urutā. |
| Ngā rongoā mucolytic | Ka āwhina ēnei ki te whakangawari i te hūpē matotoru, ā, ka māmā ake te maremare. Tērā anō hoki ētahi rongoā ka tangohia hei kohu mā roto i te nebulizer. |
| Ngā rongoā ārai-mumura | Ko ngā rongoā pēnei i ngā macrolides ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te pupuhi i ngā ara manawa me te whakahaere anō i ngā mate. |
Ina hiahia koe ki te kite i tētahi tākuta
Mena he maremare tonu tōu me te huware, he uaua rānei ki te manawa, me toro atu ki te tākuta. Mena kua kitea kētia tō mate bronchiectasis, waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu mena ka pāngia koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu e whai ake nei:
- Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te mate urutā, pērā i te kirika me te makariri.
- Mena ka uaua ake te manawa i te tikanga.
- Mena kua nui ake tō ngenge i tō te tikanga.
- Mena he nui rawa te hūpē e maremare ana koe, kua rerekē te tae o te hūpē (kakariki/kōwhai), he toto rānei kei roto i te hūpē.
- Ki te ngaro tō hiahia kai, ā, ka ngaro tō taumaha.
Engari i roto i tēnei āhuatanga, me haere tonu koe ki te ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit):
- Ki te nui tō toto e totohu ana.
- Ki te mamae tō uma.
- Mena he tino uaua ki te manawa.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mate roa te mate pūkahukahu e pakaru ai, e whānui ai hoki ngā ara manawa o roto i ngā pukahukahu mō te wā roa.
- Ko te tohu matua ko te maremare pumau e puta ai te nui o te hūpē.
- Ahakoa kāore e taea te rongoā katoa, ka taea e koe te whakahaere i ngā tohu, te ārai i ngā mate urutā, me te noho ora pai.
- He mea tino nui kia whakamahia tika ngā rongoā i tohua e te tākuta, me te mahi i ngā mahi tango hūpē i ia rā.
- Āta karohia te momi hikareti. Āta karohia te hongi i te paoa me ngā hau e kino ai ngā pukahukahu.
- Tiakina koe mai i ngā mate urutā mā te tiki i ngā werohanga e tika ana (hei tauira, te rewharewha, te mate pūkahukahu) i te wā tika.
- Ki te kino haere ngā tohu, ki te puta rānei ngā tohu whakatūpato ohorere, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
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