E mōhio ana koe ki tēnei hanganga whakamiharo i roto i tō kaki? (Tuaiwi) Me kōrero tāua!

Kua whakaaro koe ki te hiranga o tō kaki, ki tōna hanganga whakamiharo? Whakaarohia, me te pupuri i tō mahunga kia tika, me te titiro haere, me te titiro ake, me te titiro ki raro, me te pōkaikaha i tō mahunga hei kī "āe", me te ruru i tō mahunga mai i tētahi taha ki tētahi taha hei kī "kāo"... ka āwhinahia ēnei katoa e tēnei hanganga matatini o tō kaki. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te wāhanga o runga o tō tuaiwi, e mōhiotia ana i roto i te rongoā ko te tuaiwi kaki . He rite ki tētahi mahi whakamiharo o tō tātou tinana!

He aha te tuaiwi kaki?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te wāhanga o tō tuaiwi i roto i tō kaki e kiia ana ko te tuaiwi waha. E whitu ngā wheua iti e whakatakotoria ana tetahi ki runga i a rātou. E kiia ana ēnei wheua he vertebrae . Ko ngā tau C1 ki C7.

Whakaarohia he pourewa o ngā poraka taonga takaro, tetahi i runga i tetahi. Engari he tino uaua ake, he kaha ake hoki.

He āhua motuhake ngā tuaiwi tuatahi e rua o ēnei tuaiwi e whitu (C1 me C2).

• C1 vertebra: Ka kiia hoki tēnei ko Atlas . Kia mahara ki a Atlas i roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho Kariki, nāna i pupuri te ao i runga i ōna pakihiwi? Pērā i a ia, ka āwhina tēnei wheua ki te tautoko i tō mahunga. He rite tōna āhua ki te mowhiti, he rite ki te tautoko i te raro o tō angaanga.
• Tuarā C2: Koinei te tuaka e kiia nei ko te tuaka . Koinei te wāhi e huri ai te matāra C1. Ina ruru koe i tō mahunga mai i tētahi taha ki tētahi taha hei kī "kāo," te āhua nei ka takahuri te matāra i runga i tēnei tuaka. He mea whakamiharo?

Ko ēnei tuaiwi, mai i te C1 ki te C7, e honoa ana tetahi ki tetahi i te tuara e ngā hononga motuhake e kiia nei ko ngā hononga āwhata . Mā ēnei hononga ka taea e koe te piko i tō kaki ki mua, ki muri, me te huri i tētahi taha ki tētahi taha.

He maha ngā uaua, ngā io, ngā uaua, me ngā hononga e karapoti ana i tēnei tuaiwi o te kaki. Waihoki, ina tū tetahi tuaiwi ki runga i tētahi, kei waenganui i a rātou tētahi mea e kiia nei ko ngā kōpae intervertebral . He rite ēnei ki ngā mea ārai ru i roto i te motuka. Arā, ka mimiti i ngā wiri e tae mai ana ki te kaki, ā, ka ārai i ngā tuaiwi kei pā tetahi ki tetahi.

Ko tētahi atu mea nui ko te taurakira i waenganui i tō tuaiwi katoa, mai i tō kaki ki raro. Ko tēnei taurakira te mea e kawe ana i ngā karere mai i te roro ki te toenga o te tinana, me ngā karere mai i te tinana ki te roro. He rite ki te ara mōhiohio matua i roto i tō tātou tinana.

He aha ngā mahi matua a ngā tuaiwi o te kaki?

Ahakoa te āhua iti, he nui rawa te mahi a ngā tuaiwi o te kaki.

1. Te tiaki i te taurakira: E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, ka rere te taurakira mā roto i te tuaiwi. He kōhao nui kei waenganui o ia tuaiwi, e kiia nei ko te foramen o te tuaiwi.Ina huihui ēnei kōhao katoa, ka hangaia he ngongo. Ka rere te taurakira mā roto i taua ngongo. Nō reira, ka whakaratohia e ngā tuaiwi kaki he tiaki pai mō te wāhanga o te taurakira i roto i te kaki.

2. Tautoko i te upoko, ā, ka taea te neke: Ko te taumaha toharite o te upoko kei waenga i te 10 me te 13 pauna (tata ki te 4.5 me te 6 kg). Ka tautokona tēnei taumaha e ngā tuaiwi kaki. Ehara i te mea koinā anake, engari ka taea hoki e koe te piko i tō kaki ki mua (piko) , ki muri (toro) , ki te huri mai i tetahi taha ki tetahi taha (hurihuri) , ki te taha rānei kia pā tō taringa ki tō pakihiwi (piko taha) . Ka āwhina tēnei wāhanga i ēnei mea katoa.

3. Te whakarato i tētahi ara haumaru mō ngā uaua e kawe ana i te toto ki te roro: He kōhao iti kei roto i ngā tuaiwi kaki mai i te C1 ki te C6. Mā roto i ēnei kōhao, ka kawehia te toto ki te roro e ngā uaua toto e kiia nei ko ngā uaua toto . Koinei anake te wāhanga o te tuaiwi katoa he kōhao kei roto i te wheua hei haere mā roto e ngā uaua toto.

Whakaarohia tō kaki he hononga pukumahi. I tētahi taha, e tū teitei ana tō mahunga, ā, i tētahi taha, e kawe ana i ngā karere nui me te toto ki te roro, me te tiaki anō hoki i a ia!

He aha atu ngā kiko ngohengohe nui e karapoti ana i te tuaiwi kaki?

Ehara i te mea ko ngā tuaiwi anake, engari he maha atu anō ngā mea e pā ana ki tēnei pūnaha.

Ngā uaua

He maha ngā uaua matua hei āwhina i te nekehanga me te pumau o te kaki:

• Sternocleidomastoid: He uaua tēnei e rere ana mai i muri o te taringa ki mua o te kaki i ia taha o te kaki. Koinei te mahi ina tahuri tō mahunga i tetahi taha ki tetahi taha, ka hiki ake tō kauae.
• Trapezius: He uaua tapatoru ēnei e rua. Ka rere mai i te pūtake o te angaanga, ka heke ki raro i te kaki, i te tuarā uma, ka piri ki ngā pakihiwi. Ka āwhina i te hiki i te upoko ki runga, te piko i te kaki ki muri, te huri i te upoko ki matau me te maui, ā, ka hiki paku i ngā pakihiwi.
• Levator scapulae: E piri ana tēnei uaua ki ngā tuaiwi tuatahi e whā o te kaki me te tihi o te pakihiwi. Ka āwhina i te hiki i te pakihiwi, te whakatītaha i te upoko ki te taha, me te huri i te upoko.
• Erector spinae: He rōpū uaua tēnei e āwhina ana ki te pupuri i te tū tika, te huri i te kaki, me te piko whakamuri.
• Ngā uaua piko hōhonu o te kaki: Ka rere ēnei ki raro i te taha mua o te tuaiwi kaki. Ka āwhina i te piko o te kaki ki mua, me te whakau i te tuaiwi kaki.
• Ngā uaua o raro i te pito o te hope: E whā ngā takirua uaua o ēnei. Ka hono i te tihi o ngā tuaiwi kaki ki te turanga o te angaanga. Ka āwhina i te whakatītaha me te huri i te upoko ki muri.

Ngā hononga

He rite ngā hononga ki ngā here e hono ana i ngā wheua, e āwhina ana hoki ki te pupuri i te pumau o te tuaiwi kaki. E toru ngā hononga matua:

• Te hononga roa o mua: Ka rere mai i te pūtake o te angaanga ki raro ki mua o ngā tuaiwi kaki. Ka totoro ina piko whakamuri te kaki.
• Te hononga roa o muri: Ka tīmata tēnei i te tuaiwi C2 ka heke ki muri o ngā tuaiwi kaki. Ka totoro ina piko te kaki ki mua.
• Ligamentum flava: Ka hipokina e tēnei hononga te tuara o roto o ia tuaiwi, i te ara o te taurakira. Ka tiaki i te taurakira mai i te tuara.

Ngā Kōpae Intervertebral

E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei, koinei ngā "urunga ārai ru" i waenganui i ngā tuaiwi. E ono o ēnei kōpae i waenganui i ngā tuaiwi e whitu o te kaki. Ka mimiti i te pēhanga me te ru ki te kaki, ā, ka āwhina hoki i a koe ki te piko me te huri i tō kaki i a koe e mahi ana i ngā mahi.

Ngā io

E waru ngā takirua io e puta mai ana i waenganui i ia takirua o ngā tuaiwi o te kaki mā roto i ngā pūaha iti (foramen). Ko ēnei e tapaina ana ko C1 ki C8. Mā ēnei io e whakahaere te nekehanga o ngā uaua i te kaki, te pakihiwi, te ringa, me te ringaringa, me te whakarato hoki i ngā kare ā-roto ki aua wāhi.

• Ngā io C1, C2, C3: Whakahaere i te nekehanga whakamua, whakamuri, me te taha ki te taha o te upoko me te kaki. Mā te io C2 ka rongo i te tihi o te upoko, ā, mā te io C3 ka rongo i ngā taha o te mata me te tuara o te upoko.
• Io C4: Ka whakahaere i te nekehanga whakarunga o te pakihiwi. Ko tētahi hoki o ngā io e whakahaere ana i te diaphragm, e āwhina ana i a koe ki te manawa. Ka whakaratohia e te C4 he kare ā-roto ki ngā wāhanga o te kaki, o ngā pakihiwi, me ngā ringaringa o runga.
• Io C5: Whakahaere i ngā uaua deltoid me ngā biceps o te pakihiwi. Ka homai he kare ā-roto mai i te tihi o te ringa o runga ki te tuke.
• Io C6: E whakahaere ana i ngā uaua toro o te ringaringa, ā, e whai wāhi ana hoki ki te whakahaere i ngā uaua biceps. E whakarato ana i te kare ā-roto ki te ringa me te taha o te koromatua o te ringa.
• Io C7: Whakahaere i ngā uaua piko o te ringa me te triceps. Ka hoatu he kare ā-roto i te tuara o te ringa ki te maihao waenga.
• Io C8: Whakahaere i te nikau. Ka rongo i te taha o te maihao iti o te ringa me te pakihiwi.

Taura Tuaiwi

He paihere io tēnei e rere ana mai i te pito o raro o te roro ki raro i te tinana. Mā roto i tēnei taurakira ka whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenganui i te roro me ngā uaua i kōrerohia e tātou i mua ake nei.

He aha ngā mate ka taea te puta i roto i te tuaiwi kaki?

Ka puta pea ngā raruraru i roto i tētahi hanganga uaua pēnei? Ae, ka puta pea ngā mate maha i roto i te tuaiwi kaki, i ngā kiko ngohengohe e karapoti ana, me ngā io. Kaua e mataku, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki ēnei.

• Te Radiculopathy o te Cervical: He āhuatanga e puta mai ana i te pēhanga o te pakiaka io e te vertebra o te cervical. Tērā pea ka pāngia te ngenge, te ngaronga o te rongo, te ngoikore, me te mamae. Tērā pea ka pāngia te kaki e ēnei tohu, ka horapa rānei ki te ringa katoa, ki te ringaringa, me ngā maihao. Ka taea tēneiE kiia ana hoki he io kua kopikopiko.
• Mamae kaki: He raruraru noa tēnei mō te tini o te tangata. Ka taea te mamae kaki te puta mai i ngā momo mate me ngā āhuatanga. Ka taea e ngā mate whakahekenga (hei tauira, te osteoarthritis , te spinal stenosis , te herniated disc , te pinched nerve), te whiplash, te ahotea, te mahi tinana, te tū tika, ngā pukupuku, ngā cysts, ngā wheua spurs, te meningitis , te rheumatoid arthritis , me te mate pukupuku te take o te mamae kaki.
• Mate Kōpae Hē o te Uha: Ko te hē o ngā kōpae "ārai ohorere" i roto i ngā tuaiwi o te kaki.
• Kōpae Herniated: He pakaru, he turuturu rānei i roto i te kōpae i waenganui i ngā tuaiwi.
• Ngā Osteophytes o te kaki wheua / Ngā tahei wheua: He tupu wheua tāpiri i runga i tētahi o ngā tuaiwi e whitu o te kaki wheua.
• Te Spondylosis o te kaki: E kiia ana hoki ko te "mate rumatiki kaki," koinei te hekenga haere o ngā tuaiwi me ngā hononga i roto i te tuaiwi kaki i te pakeketanga.
• Te Whara o te Taura Tuaiwi o te Whare: Te pakaru o ngā tuaiwi o te whare. He maha ngā wā ka puta tēnei whara i te pānga ohorere, kaha hoki.
• Te Whati o te Tuaiwi o te Kākano: He whati o te tuaiwi. Ka pāngia pea te tangata whai osteoporosis e te whati-kokonga i tētahi whara iti, pērā i te whati kōpeketanga, te whati pakū, te aituā motuka, te hinga rānei i te teitei.
• Te Myelopathy Spondylotic Cervical: Te pēhanga ki te taurakira i te rohe o te kaki. Ko te tino take o tēnei ko te pirau o ngā wheua o te tuaiwi, arā, ko te osteoarthritis.
• Te Stenosis o te Cervical: Te whaiti o te awa tuaiwi i te rohe o te kaki. Ina whakaitihia te āputa, ka pēhia, ka kōpiritia rānei te taura tuaiwi, ngā io rānei e puta atu ana i reira.
• Ngā Puku me te Matepukupuku o te Tuaiwi: Ngā tipu kiko rerekē i roto i te taurakira. Ka taea e ēnei te kore-matepukupuku (pai) te matepukupuku rānei (kino).
• Te mate kiriuhi roro: He mate pāwera o ngā kiriuhi roro, te taupoki tiaki e karapoti ana i te roro me te taurakira.
• Osteomyelitis: He mate kitakita, he mate harore rānei o ngā wheua, arā, ko ngā tuaiwi o te tuaiwi. Mēnā kāore e rongoatia, ka mate pea ngā tuaiwi.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i ēnei mate?

Mena he raruraru kaki tōu, ka pātai tuatahi tō tākuta mō tō hītori hauora, ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e koe, ka pātai mō ō tohumate, ka whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau tinana, kātahi ka whakahau i ngā whakamātautau me ngā rangahau whakaahua e tika ana.

Kei roto pea i tēnei:

• Matawai CT (Matawai Tomography Rorohiko (CT)): Ka whakamahia ngā hihi-X me te rorohiko hei tango i ngā "poro" angiangi rawa o te wāhi e tirohia ana. Ka taea te tirotiro i te āhua, te rahi, ngā ihirangi o te awa tuaiwi, me ngā wheua e karapoti ana. Ka taea te āwhina ki te kite i ngā mea pēnei i te whēkau wheua, te osteophytes, te hanumi wheua, me te whakangaromanga wheua i puta mai i te mate, i ngā pukupuku rānei.
• Matawai MRI (Whakaahua Āhua Aukume (MRI): Ka whakamahia he aukume nui, he ngaru reo irirangi, me te rorohiko hei whakaputa whakaahua taipitopito. Ka taea e ia te kite i ngā raruraru o te taurakira me ngā io e puta ana i te tuaiwi, pērā i te pirau o te tuaiwi, te paheke o te kōpae (herniation kōpae), ngā mate, me ngā pukupuku.
• Ngā hihi-X: Ka whakamahia he iti noa te hihi hei tango pikitia o ngā wheua me ngā kiko ngohengohe. Ka taea e rātou te tirotiro mō ngā whati, ngā raruraru hononga, te hē o te tūhono o te tuaiwi, me te rumatiki.
• Te Irahiko-mīrokaramu (EMG) me ngā Rangahau Arataki Io: Ka aromatawaihia e te EMG te hauora me te mahi a ngā io me ngā uaua. Ka inehia e te rangahau arataki io ​​te tere o te haere o te irahiko mā roto i te io. Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā he kino te io me te wāhi e pēhia ana te io.
• Myelogram: Ka tirohia e tēnei whakamātautau whakaahua te whanaungatanga i waenga i ngā tuaiwi me ngā tuaiwi, te taurakira, me te āhua o ngā io e puta ana i te taurakira. Ka taea e ia te whakaatu mēnā he mea, pērā i te pukupuku, te whēkau wheua, te kōpae hernia rānei, kei te pēhi i te taurakira, i ngā io, i ngā pakiaka io rānei, ka mamae, ka ngoikore rānei.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō ngā mate o te tuaiwi kaki?

He maha ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga, me ngā maimoatanga pokanga hoki mō te nuinga o ngā mate o te tuaiwi kaki. Ko te tikanga maimoatanga e whiriwhiria e koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te pūtake o te mate me tōna kaha.

He aha ngā maimoatanga kore-pokanga?

Mō te mamae o te kaki ehara i te mea nā te aituā, nā te pukupuku rānei i puta mai, ka tūtohu tuatahi pea tō tākuta i ngā maimoatanga iti ake te whakaekenga.

• Okioki.
• He kōpeke hukapapa, he kōpeke wera rānei.
• Kara ngohengohe o te kaki: Ka tautoko te kara i te kaki, ka whakawhāiti hoki i te nekehanga.
• Te karo i ngā mahi ā-tinana e whakauaua ana, e whakanui ana rānei i te mate.
• Te whakaora tinana.
• Ngā Rongoā: Ngā rongoā whakangāwari uaua, ngā rongoā whakamamae mamae (hei tauira, te paracetamol), me ngā rongoā ārai-mumura (hei tauira, te ibuprofen, te naproxen).
• Ngā werohanga steroid:E rua ngā momo werohanga steroid ka taea te whakaaro mō te mamae o te kaki me te ringa rānei. Ko te aukati epidural o te kaki he werohanga e werohia ai te steroid ki roto i te wāhi huri noa i te taurakira (te wāhi epidural). Ko te aukati hononga taha o te kaki he werohanga e werohia ai te steroid ki roto i te capsule o te hononga taha iti e taea ai e ngā tuaiwi te neke.
• Te aukati peka hauora me te tango i te aho irirangi: Ka whakaarohia tēnei maimoatanga i roto i ētahi wā o te mamae kaki mau tonu. Tuatahi, ka werohia he rongoā whakamoe ā-rohe ki roto i te io e hono ana ki te hononga taha o te tuaiwi. Mena ka heke tō mamae, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te whakaū i te mamae. Ka mahia tēnei mā te whara i te io mā te whakamahi i tētahi tikanga e kiia nei ko te tango i te aho irirangi. Ka roa te whakamamae mamae mō ngā marama. Mena ka tipu anō te io, ka hoki anō te mamae.

Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā he pai ahau mō te pokanga o te tuaiwi kaki?

Tērā pea ka āhei koe ki te pokanga mēnā:

• Mena kāore ētahi atu maimoatanga e whakaora.
• Mena ka kino haere ō tohumate ki tō tuaiwi, ki ō ringaringa me/ngā waewae rānei.
• Mena kei te hauora koe kia taea ai te pokanga.

He aha ngā kōwhiringa pokanga mō ngā mate o te tuaiwi kaki?

He maha ngā tikanga pokanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana:

Pokanga Whakaiti i te Korepa o te Tuaiwi

He kupu whānui tēnei. Kei roto ko ngā tikanga maha e whakamahia ana hei whakaora i ngā tohu i puta mai i te pēhanga (pehitanga) ki te taurakira, ki ngā pakiaka io rānei.

• Te tango i te kōpae o te kaki: Ka tangohia e te taote pokanga tetahi wahi o te kōpae hei whakamama i te pēhanga ki ngā pakiaka io tata.
• Te laminotomy o te kaki, te laminectomy rānei: I roto i ēnei tikanga, ka tangohia e te taote pokanga tētahi wāhanga iti o te āwhata wheua (lamina) o te awa tuaiwi. I roto i te laminotomy, he wāhanga iti noa iho o te lamina ka tangohia. I roto i te laminectomy, ka tangohia te lamina katoa, me ngā tipu wheua katoa, ngā kongakonga kōpae, me ngā hononga matotoru, mēnā e tika ana. Mā te tango i te lamina ka nui ake te wāhi i roto i te awa tuaiwi, ā, ka whakamama i te pēhanga.
• Te foraminotomy o te kaki, te foraminectomy rānei: Ka mahia ēnei tikanga e rua hei whakanui i ngā pūaha e puta ai ngā pakiaka io i te taurakira. Ka tangohia tetahi wheua i taua wāhi. I roto i te foraminectomy, ka tangohia he nui o te wheua.
• Te tango i te wheua o te kaki: I tēnei pokanga, ka tangohia e te taote te tinana tuaiwi (te wāhanga nui o mua o te tuaiwi) me te kōpae hei whakamama i te pēhanga ki te taurakira. I ētahi wā, ka honoa ngā tuaiwi kia pumau ai ngā tuaiwi o te kaki.

Pokanga Whakakapinga Kōpae Uha

Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tētahi kōpae kaki kua mate, ka whakakapia ki tētahi kōpae horihori. He maha ngā wā ka mahia tēnei hei rongoā i te pirau o te kōpae kaki.

Te Hononga Tuaiwi o te Uha

He tikanga pokanga tēnei e hono pūmau ana i tētahi, i ētahi rānei o ngā tuaiwi o te kaki. Mā tēnei ka kore e nekenekehia ngā tuaiwi i waenga i ngā tuaiwi.

Te Whakaoho Hiko Mahi mō te Whara o te Taura Tuaiwi

Ka whakamahia e tēnei tikanga ngā hiko iti hei whakahohe i ngā uaua me ngā io motuhake, hei whakaora i te mahi a ngā uaua o runga o te tinana e whakahaerehia ana e ngā io o te kaki.

Ka taea te mahi pokanga iti rawa te whakaekenga o te tuaiwi kaki?

Kōrero ki tō taote pokanga. I ngā wā maha, ka taea te mahi pokanga tuaiwi iti rawa te whakaeke. Engari i te hanga i tētahi tapahi nui ki te kiri pērā i te pokanga tuwhera tuku iho, ka mahia te pokanga iti rawa te whakaeke mā te kotahi, neke atu rānei ngā tapahi iti. Nā te mea ka mahia te tikanga mā roto i ngā tapahi iti, he iti ake te kino ki ngā uaua me ngā kiko ngohengohe i te tapahi roa kotahi.

Hei whakamutunga, ngā mea hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

Nā, kua mōhio kē koe ki tēnei mea whakamiharo o te tuaiwi kaki.

Ki te kī māmā noa, ko tō tuaiwi kaki te rohe kaki o tō tuaiwi. He mea hanga mai i ngā tuaiwi tuatahi e whitu (C1-C7). Kei roto ko ō kōpae intervertebral, te taurakira, me ngā io, ngā uaua, ngā uaua me ngā hononga.

Ka tautoko tēnei i te taumaha o tō mahunga, ka āwhina i a koe ki te neke i tō mahunga ki ngā ahunga rerekē, ā, ka tiaki i tō taurakira. Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga ka pā ki tēnei, he waimarie, he maha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kore-pokanga me te pokanga e wātea ana hei rongoā i ēnei āhuatanga.

Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae, te kore rānei e pai ki tō kaki, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu, kaua e warewarehia. Kia ora tonu!

` Tuaiwi o te kaki, Mamae kaki, Tuaiwi, Taura Tuaiwi, Neurology, Tuaiwi