Kua rongo kē koe i tētahi harore e uru puku ana ki roto i tō tinana? Me ako tātou mō te Cryptococcosis!

Kua rongo kē koe i tētahi mate e kiia nei ko te Cryptococcosis? Tērā pea he ahua rerekē te ingoa, ā, he ahua whakamataku anō hoki. Kaua e manukanuka. He mate tēnei nā te harore. He maha ngā mea e pāngia ana e tātou katoa i roto i tō tātou taiao, me ēnei harore anō hoki. Nō reira, i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tēnei mate e kiia nei ko te Cryptococcosis i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā e mārama ai koe.

He aha rawa te Cryptococcosis?

I te whakarapopototanga, ko te cryptococcosis te wā e uru ai tētahi momo harore e kiia nei ko Cryptococcus ki roto i tō tinana, ā, ka puta he mate, inā koa ki roto i tō roro, i ō pukahukahu rānei. I ētahi wā ka horapa ki ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana, e kiia nei e tātou ko te cryptococcosis horapa .

Whakaarohia, ki te pangia tō roro e tēnei harore Cryptococcus, ka kiia te mate ko te meningitis cryptococcal . Kātahi ka pāngia koe e ngā mate pēnei i te kirika, te ānini nui, me te mamae o te kaki. Waihoki, ki te pā ki ō pukahukahu, ka kiia ko te niumōnia cryptococcal , ko te cryptococcosis pūkahukahu rānei. Kātahi ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu pēnei i te maremare me te uaua ki te manawa.

He rerekē anō hoki ngā momo harore Cryptococcus.

• Cryptococcus neoformans: Ko te tikanga ka pāngia te hunga ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate e tēnei momo. Arā, ko te hunga he iti te kaha o te tinana ki te ātete i te mate ko rātou te hunga e tino pāngia ana e tēnei mate.
• Cryptococcus gattii: Engari ka taea e tēnei momo te whakamāuiui i a koe ahakoa he kaha tō pūnaha ārai mate.

He aha ngā tohu o tēnei? Me pēhea te mōhio ki tēnei?

Ko ngā tohu o te cryptococcosis ka whakawhirinaki ki te wāhi o tō tinana e pangia ai e te harore. Mena ka pā ki ngā pukahukahu, ka pāngia pea koe e ngā tohu rite ki te niumōnia, ā, ki te pā ki te pūnaha io matua (roro me te taurakira), ka pāngia pea koe e ngā tohu rite ki te meningitis. I roto i te cryptococcosis horapa, ka puta ngā tohu ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana.

Ngā tohu o te mate pūkahukahu (Cryptococcal pneumonia):

• Maremare
• He uaua ki te manawa, me te mea kei te whakamomori koe
• Mamae o te uma
• Kirika

Ngā tohu o te mate pāwera o te pūnaha io matua (Cryptococcal Meningitis):

• Kirika
• Te ānini nui
• Te mamae o te kaki, te pakari rānei (nā te nui rawa o te mamae, kāore e taea te whakatakoto i tō kauae ki runga i tō uma)
• Whakapairuaki
• Ruaki
• Te aro ki te mārama (he uaua ki te kite i roto i te mārama kanapa)

Ko ngā tohu o te cryptococcosis horapa ko:

Mena kei a koe te mate cryptococcosis horapa, tera pea ka kite koe i ngā huringa kiri me ngā tohu e pā ana ki ngā pukahukahu, ki te pūnaha io matua rānei. Hei tauira:

• Ngā papa matotoru, mārō rānei (ngā papaki)
• Ngā ponana
• Ngā mate pukupuku
• Ngā Pupuhi
• Ngā mirumiru

He aha i puta ai te Cryptococcosis?

Ko te tino take o tēnei mate ko ngā momo harore e rua , ko Cryptococcus gattii (C. gattii) me Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) . Ka noho ēnei harore ki te taiao - inā koa ki te oneone, ki te kiri rākau, me ngā paru manu, inā koa ki te paru kūkupa.

Whakaarohia, ina mahi tātou i ngā wāhi puehu, e tata ana ki ngā whare tawhito, i ngā māra rānei, ka uru mai ēnei pua harore ki roto i ō tātou tinana.

Ko enei harore, `C. gattii` me `C. neoformans`, ka kitea i nga waahi maha o te ao. `C. he tino noa te gattii` i Ahitereiria, British Columbia, Kanata, Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa ki te Hauauru-uru o te United States, me te tonga-tonga o Ahia.

Me pēhea te whiwhi i tēnei?

Ka puta te mate cryptococcosis i te manawa i ngā pua o te harore Cryptococcus e rere ana i te rangi. Kāore ēnei e kitea e te kanohi tahanga, ā, he uaua ki te karo mēnā kei te noho koe i tētahi rohe e kitea whānuitia ana tēnei harore.

Ko te mea nui, ko te nuinga o te hunga e hongi ana i tēnei harore kāore e puta he tohu. Engari mō ētahi tāngata, ka tīmata te harore ki te tipu i roto i ō rātou pukahukahu, ka haere rānei mā te tinana ki te roro, ka pāngia ai rātou. I ētahi wā ka noho roa te harore ki roto i ō pukahukahu, engari ka tipu noa, ka puta ngā tohu ina ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate mō tētahi take (hei tauira, nā tētahi atu mate, nā tētahi atu rongoā rānei e tangohia ana e koe).

Ka horapa tēnei mai i tētahi tangata ki tētahi atu?

Kāo. Ehara te mate cryptococcosis i te mate e taea te horapa mai i tētahi tangata ki tētahi atu. Kāore e taea te hopu mai i tētahi kua pangia.

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i tēnei?

E ai ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i mua, ko te momo C. neoformans te mea e tino mate ai te hunga he ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate. Kei roto i tēnei ko:

• Ngā tāngata whai HIV/AIDS .
• Ngā tāngata whai momo mate pukupuku, hei tauira, ngā lymphoma me ngā leukemia .
• Ko te hunga kua whakatōkia ki te pūtau take, ki te okana, ki te hinu wheua rānei.
• Te nui o ngā horopeta corticosteroids mō te wā roaNgā tāngata whai mate e hiahia ana ki te tango rongoā (hei tauira, ētahi mate pūkahukahu mau tonu, ngā mate pūnaha ārai mate).

Heoi, ka taea e te momo `C. gattii` te whakararu i te hunga hauora me te hunga ngoikore hoki ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?

Ka pā mai pea ngā raruraru kino i te mate cryptococcosis, inā koa mēnā he mate kei roto i tō roro. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko:

• Te pikinga o te pēhanga o roto o te angaanga: Ka puta tēnei i te pikinga o te nui o te wai e karapoti ana i te roro, ka nui rawa te pēhanga e pā ana ki te roro. Ki te kore e rongoatia tika, ka pā he kino ki te roro.
• Te ngaronga o te tirohanga ā-wāhanga, ā-katoa rānei.
• Ngā mate kanohi, ngā mate mumura rānei.
• Te ngoikore o ngā uaua e whakahaere ana i ngā kanohi ( paresis uaua o waho o te kanohi ).
• Te hokinga mai: I ētahi wā, ka hoki mai anō ngā tohu o te cryptococcosis i muri i te maimoatanga.
• Te Mate Mumura Whakaora Ārai Mate (IRIS): Ko te IRIS he āhuatanga e nui rawa ai te tauhohenga o tō pūnaha ārai mate i muri i te maimoatanga, ka kino ake ai ngā tohu. He mea noa tēnei i roto i te hunga whai HIV, engari ka taea hoki te pā ki te hunga kāore he HIV.

Me pēhea te tautuhi tika i tēnei mate?

Mā te tirotiro i ō kiko, i ō wai tinana rānei, ka kitea ngā tohu o te harore Cryptococcus e ngā tākuta. Tērā pea ka mahia e rātou ēnei whakamātautau e whai ake nei:

• Tō toto.
• Wai Cerebrospinal (CSF ). Ka riro mai tēnei mā te tango tauira wai mai i te tuaiwi (puku lumbar).
• Huware (he huware e puta mai ana i ngā pukahukahu me te mare).

Haunga ēnei whakamātautau, ka taea hoki e ō tohumate, ō hītori hauora, ō hītori haerenga, me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua te āwhina i te tautuhi i te mate. I runga i ō tohumate, ka hiahia pea koe ki ngā hihi-X o te uma , ngā matawai CT (ngā matawai tomography rorohiko) , ngā MRI rānei (te whakaahua aukume) hei rapu i ngā huringa i roto i ō pukahukahu, i tō roro rānei.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō tēnei?

Ka whakamahia e ngā tākuta ngā rongoā harore hei rongoā i te cryptococcosis.Ko te maimoatanga motuhake ka whakawhiwhia ki a koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te wāhi kei reira te harore Cryptococcus i roto i tō tinana me te hauora o tō pūnaha ārai mate. Hei tauira, ko te tangata he mate pukupuku cryptococcosis ngawari, me kotahi noa te rongoā harore e hiahiatia ana e ia. Heoi, ko te hunga he mate kino ake, he mate kiriuhi cryptococcal rānei, me nui ake te maimoatanga, arā, me tango i ētahi rongoā harore mō te wā roa.

Ngā rongoā me ngā maimoatanga motuhake e whakamahia ana mō te Cryptococcosis:

• Fluconazole
• Amphotericin B (AmB)
• Flucytosine
• Ngā corticosteroids (ka hoatu ēnei hei whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te pupuhi o te roro)
• He pokanga hei tango i ngā pukupuku harore nui (cryptococcomas).
• Te pokanga hope whakaora , te whakamahi rānei i ngā ngongo motuhake hei whakaiti i te pēhanga ki te roro.

He aha ngā mea ka tumanakohia e koe mēnā ka pāngia koe e tēnei mate?

I runga i te wāhi i pangia ai koe me te nui o tō mate, me rongoā pea koe e tō tākuta ki ngā rongoā harore mō ngā wiki, ngā marama rānei hei whakakore i te cryptococcosis. Mena he HIV tōu, me whakarerekē pea e tō tākuta ō maimoatanga antiretroviral . Mena he mate kē atu tōu e ngoikore ai tō pūnaha ārai mate, mā te rongoā i taua mate taketake ka āwhina pea i a koe ki te whawhai ki te cryptococcosis.

Ka taea te whakaora katoa i tēnei?

Ko te hunga he pūnaha ārai mate hauora ka taea te whakaora mā te whakamahi i ngā maimoatanga harore. Heoi, ko te hunga he ngoikore ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate, tera pea ka uaua ake te whakaora i a rātou. I ētahi wā, ka hoki mai anō ō tohu i muri i te maimoatanga.

He aha te mōrearea o te mate mai i tēnei?

Ko te reiti mate mō ngā tūroro cryptococcosis e rongoatia ana i Amerika Te Raki (tae atu ki te Hononga o Amerika me Kanata) e kiia ana he tata ki te 20% . Heoi, i ētahi wāhi o Āwherika, ka eke pea tēnei tatauranga ki te 70% . I runga i te wāhi e noho ana koe i te ao, he nui te pānga o ngā ratonga hauora e whiwhi ana koe. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, he nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga i ngā wāhi rawakore o te ao ki te mate i ngā mate maha. He āhuatanga pouri tēnei.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau i tēnei? Ka taea rānei?

Mena kei te noho koe i tētahi rohe e horapa ana te Cryptococcus, he uaua ki te karo i te hongi i roto. Heoi, ki te mea he nui te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te Cryptococcus, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ēnei e whai ake nei:

• Te tirotiro whai take: I mua i te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga HIV, ka whakamātautau pea te tākuta i a koe mō ngā antigens Cryptococcus (ngā wāhanga e mōhiotia ana o te harore) ahakoa kāore he tohu o te cryptococcosis i a koe. Mena he pai ngā hua o tō whakamātautau, ka taea e rātou te rongoā i a koe mō te cryptococcosis hei ārai i a koe kei pāngia e te harore kua noho kē i roto i tō tinana.
• Ārai mate: Mena he nui te mōrearea o te mate cryptococcosis ki a koe, ka rongoā pea tō tākuta i a koe ki ngā rongoā harore. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe kia kore e pāngia e te mate mena ka pāngia koe e te Cryptococcus.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i tōku hauora?

Ko te mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe ko te whiwhi maimoatanga tika mō ngā mate hauora katoa e ngoikore ana tō pūnaha ārai mate. Me whakarite kia tae atu ki ō tākuta i ia wā. Pātai atu ki a rātou me pēhea te kite i ngā tohu o te mate. Kōrero ki a rātou mō ngā huarahi hei ārai i ngā mate me te aha me mahi mēnā kei te whakaaro koe he mate tōu.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena he mate tōu e ngoikore ai tō pūnaha ārai mate, pērā i te HIV, pātai atu ki tō tākuta me pēhea te ārai i te mate. Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate, ā, kei a koe ngā tohu o te cryptococcosis, o tētahi atu mate rānei, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o tētahi mate kino, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata. Tērā pea kei roto i ēnei tohu:

• Te kirika nui (neke atu i te 40 nekehanga Celsius).
• Te uaua ki te manawa.
• Ngā panonitanga o te tirohanga.
• Mamae o te uma.
• Te tae kikorangi o te kiri, o ngā ngutu, o ngā maikuku rānei.
• Pōhēhētanga.
• Ngā hopukanga.

He mea nui: Mena he ngoikore tō pūnaha ārai mate, pātai atu ki tō tākuta he aha ngā tohu e tika ana kia haere koe ki te rūma whawhati tata. Tērā pea me tere te maimoatanga whawhati tata, ahakoa he iti ake te kaha o ō tohu i ērā kua whakarārangihia i konei.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?

He pai pea te pātai atu ki tō tākuta i ēnei pātai:

• He pēhea te kino o tēnei mate?
• Me pēhea taku tango i taku rongoā?
• Kia pēhea te roa e hiahiatia ana e au kia whiwhi maimoatanga?
• He aha taku e taea ai te ārai i te mate urutā ā muri ake nei?

Ko te karere tino nui hei kawe ki te kāinga

He mate harore te Cryptococcosis ka pā kino ki te hunga ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate. Heoi, ki te mea he nui tō mōrearea, ka hiahia pea tō tākuta ki te whakamātautau i a koe me te tohu rongoā ārai. Ā, nā te whanaketanga o te maimoatanga, he iti ake te mōrearea o te hunga e ora ana me te HIV ki te pāngia e ngā mate kino. Mā te mahi tahi me tō tākuta, ka taea e koe te waihanga i tētahi mahere hei pupuri i a koe kia ora tonu. Nō reira, kaua e mataku, kaua hoki e wareware ki te rapu tohutohu hauora mēnā he āwangawanga āu.

` Mate kiripaka, mate harore, kirika roro, mate pūkahukahu, ārai mate, HIV, rongoā harore