He aha te autism (Autism Spectrum Disorder - ASD)? Kaua e wehi, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei mea

Kei te takaro takitahi tāu tamaiti , kāore e uru atu ki ētahi atu tamariki? Kāore rānei ia e titiro tika ana ki ō kanohi ina kōrero koe? Kei te whakahoki anō ia i taua mea anō i ētahi wā? He mea noa ki a koe hei mātua te mataku me te manukanuka ina kite koe i ngā mea pēnei. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te autism, e whakaatu ana i ēnei tohu, ā, e kōrerohia ana e te tini o te tangata. Kāore he take e mataku ai. Kia mārama tātou ki ngā mea katoa mō tēnei mea, kia māmā noa, kia mārama hoki.

He kupu ngāwari noa iho, he aha te autism?

Ko te autism, e mōhiotia ana i roto i te rongoā ko te Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), he āhuatanga uaua e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o te roro. Ehara i te mate, engari he panoni i te mahi a te roro. Ka pā pea tēnei ki te āhua o te taunekeneke a te tangata whai autism ki ētahi atu, ki te kōrero, ki te ako, me te whanonga.

Ko ngā tohumate o te autism ka tīmata te puta i mua i te 3 tau te pakeke . Ka roa te wā e pāngia ai te tangata e te mate autism. Ka kiia tēnei he "spectrum" nā te mea he rerekē te āhua o tōna pānga ki ia tangata me tōna kaha. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore he rite o ngā tāngata e rua e pāngia ana e te autism.

He rerekē ngā taumata o te autism?

Āe. Kāore te autism e pā ki te katoa i te huarahi kotahi. I mua, i whakamahia e te tangata ngā kupu pēnei i te "tino mahi" me te "tino mahi". Engari kua tawhito ēnei kupu , ā, ka pā kino pea. Koia te take kāore ngā tākuta e whakamahi ana i ēnei kupu i ēnei rā.

Engari, e toru ngā taumata kua whakaurua mai i runga i te nui o te tautoko e hiahiatia ana e te tangata autism.

Ko te mea pai rawa atu hei mahi māu ina kōrero ana mō te tangata he autism tō te pātai atu ki te tangata tonu, ki tōna kaitiaki rānei, me pēhea te whakaahuatanga e pai ana kia whakaahuatia ai ia.

He aha ngā tohu noa o te autism?

Tērā pea he rerekē ngā tohu o te autism i waenga i ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke.

Ngā tohu ka kitea i roto i ngā tamariki

• Te kore o te titiro kanohi.
• Kāore e aro ki te ingoa ahakoa e 9 marama te pakeke o te pēpi.
• Kaua e tākaro i ngā kēmu ngāwari pēnei i te pakipaki i te 12 marama te pakeke.
• Ka tākaihia ā rātou taonga takaro ki te raupapa kotahi, ā, ka tino riri rātou mēnā ka whakarerekētia taua raupapa.
• Te whakahoki i te mea kotahi anō, anō, anō. Hei tauira, te kī i ngā kupu kotahi, te rūrū haere whakamua, te ruru rānei i ō ringaringa.
• Kāore e titiro ki ngā mea e whakaaturia ana e ētahi atu.
• Te kore hiahia ki te tākaro me ētahi atu tamariki.
• Whakaroa i ngā mea pēnei i te kōrero me te hikoi.
• Te tairongo nui ki ngā oro noa, ki ngā kakara, me te pā.
• Kāore e hiahia kia awhiawhihia, kia puritia rānei e tetahi.

Ngā tohu e kitea ana i roto i ngā pakeke

• Te uaua ki te mārama ki ngā whakaaro me ngā kare ā-roto o ētahi atu.
• He pai ake te noho ko ia anake, he uaua rānei te kimi hoa.
• Te manukanuka i roto i ngā huihuinga pāpori (hei tauira, ngā hakari, ngā pāti).
• He pai ake ki te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā i te ara kotahi, i te raupapa kotahi, ā, kāore e hiahia kia kite i te huringa.
• He rite tonu ngā mea e kōrerotia ana (rita)KATOA y) Te mārama. (hei tauira, te uaua ki te mārama ki ngā kupu whakarite pēnei i te "whati i te waewae").
• He uaua ki te titiro kanohi me te kōrero.
• He mea kino te koretake o te whai kaupapa, te whanoke, te kore aro rānei.

He aha ngā "Stimming" me ngā "Meltdowns"?

Ko te whakaohooho he whanonga whakaohooho i a rātou anō. Hei tauira, ko ētahi tāngata whai autism ka poipoi i ō rātou ringa, ka whakakorikori i ō rātou maihao, ka ruru hoki ki mua, ki muri. Ka mahi rātou i tēnei hei whakangahau, hei whakahaere i te ahotea, i te manukanuka rānei. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a rātou kia marino.

Ehara te ngākau pōuri i te mea he ngangau noa iho a te tamaiti. He tauhohenga kore e taea te whakahaere o tōna pūnaha io ina nui rawa te āhuatanga mō te tangata autism, pērā i te hongi, te tangi, te mārama rānei. I tēnei wā, ka tangi pea rātou, ka hamama, ka whana, ka wahangu rawa rānei. Tukua he wāhi mō rātou, waihangahia he taiao haumaru, ā, me whakaute ki a rātou.

He aha te take o te autism? Nā ngā kano kano rānei i puta ai?

Kāore anō kia mōhiotia te tino pūtake o te autism , engari e whakaponohia ana nā ētahi huringa i roto i ngā wāhanga o te roro e tukatuka ana i ngā mōhiohio tairongo me te reo.

He maha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e pā ana ki tēnei:

• Ngā āhuatanga ira: Mena he autism tō tetahi o te whānau, he nui ake te mōrearea o te tamaiti ki te pāngia anō hoki e te autism.
• Tau o ngā mātua: Ko te tau o ngā mātua i te wā e hapu ai.
• Ngā uauatanga i te wā whānau: Ngā mea pēnei i te whānautanga me te taumaha tino iti i te whānautanga.
• Ira Tangata: He nui ake te kitea o te autism i waenga i ngā tama i ngā kōtiro.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te autism? (Tautuhinga)

Kāore he whakamātautau toto, mimi rānei e taea ai te tautuhi tika i te autism. Ka tautuhia e ngā tākuta mā te āta tirotiro i te whanonga me te whanaketanga o te tamaiti.

E rua ngā taahiraa o tēnei tukanga:

1. Te Tirotiro Whanaketanga:Ina haria e koe tāu tamaiti ki te whare hauora, ka tirohia e te tākuta te whanaketanga o te tamaiti. Ka tirohia e rātou mēnā kei te tupu ngā mea pēnei i te kōrero, te hikoi, me te ako i te wā tika mō tō rātou tau. I te nuinga o te wā, ka aro nui rātou ki te autism i ngā whare hauora 18 me te 24 marama. Ki te whakaaro rātou he whakaroa, he raruraru rānei, ka tukuna koe e rātou ki te taahiraa e whai ake nei.

2. Aromatawai Whānui: Mō tēnei, ka tukuna he tohutoro ki tētahi tohunga pēnei i te tohunga hinengaro tamariki, i te tohunga tamariki whanaketanga-whanonga rānei. Ka tirotirohia e rātou te whanonga, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ngā pūkenga whakaaro o te tamaiti. Ka pātai atu rātou ki ngā mātua. I ētahi wā, ka rapu āwhina hoki rātou i tētahi tohunga reo kōrero me tētahi kaiwhakaora mahi.

He aha ngā maimoatanga mō te autism?

Tuatahi, kia maumahara kāore he 'pire makutu' e taea te whakaora katoa i te autism. Engari mā te tīmata wawe i te maimoatanga ka āwhina i tāu tamaiti ki te whakawhanake i ōna pūkenga me te whakahaere i ōna wero. He rerekē te maimoatanga i ia tangata, i ia tangata.

Ko ētahi o ngā tikanga maimoatanga matua ko:

• Ngā Whakaora Whanoke: Ka āwhina i te whakatenatena i ngā whanonga pai me te whakahaere i ngā whanonga kāore e hiahiatia. Ko te Tātari Whanoke Whaihua (ABA) he tikanga maimoatanga rongonui kei roto i tēnei kāwai.
• Ngā Whakaora Whanaketanga: Ka whakapai ake te Whakaora Kōrero i ngā pūkenga kōrero. Ka whakapai ake te Whakaora Mahi i ngā pūkenga o ia rā pēnei i te kakahu me te kai.
• Ngā Whakaora Mātauranga: Te whakarite i ngā tikanga mātauranga kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te tamaiti.
• Ngā Rongoā: Ahakoa kāore he rongoā mō te autism, i ētahi wā ka tohua e ngā tākuta he rongoā hei whakahaere i ētahi atu raruraru e pā ana (hei tauira, te hihiko rawa, te manukanuka, te kore moe).

Me pēhea koe e āwhina ai hei mātua?

Mena he autism tāu tamaiti, ko tō aroha me tō tautoko tōna kaha nui.

• Āwhina mō te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero: Ina kōrero koe ki tāu tamaiti, whakahuatia tōna ingoa. Kōrero āta, mā te whakamahi i ngā kupu māmā, mārama hoki. Whakamahia ngā pikitia me ngā tohu.
• Waihangahia he mahinga auau:Kāore ngā tamariki autism e pai ki te panoni, nō reira kia ōrite ngā wā kai, ngā wā tākaro, me ngā wā moe.
• Āwhina mō ngā raruraru moe: Ngāna kia moe i te wā kotahi i ia rā. Me whakapōuri, me ata noho tō rūma.
• Āwhina ki te whakawhanake i ngā pūkenga pāpori: Kaua e akiaki i tāu tamaiti. Whakauruhia rātou ki ngā mahi a te rōpū iti. Hoatu he wā ki a rātou ki te ako i ngā pūkenga pāpori.