Ka pāngia tātou katoa e te āwangawanga ina rongo tātou i te kupu " irahiko ", kāore? He māmā noa te whakaaro he mea whakamataku tēnei. Heoi, i tēnei rā, kāore tātou e kōrero ana mō te irahiko o ia rā. Kei te arotahi tātou ki tētahi mate hauora nui ka puta mai mēnā ka pāngia tō tinana e te horopeta nui rawa o te irahiko. Ka kiia tēnei e ngā tākuta ko te "Mate Irahiko", e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te ( Acute Radiation Syndrome – ARS). He mate morearea pea tēnei, nō reira me wehewehe ngātahi tātou, he mea nui kia mōhio pai.
He aha rawa te mate pāwera irahiko? He māmā noa iho…
I roto i ngā kupu māmā noa iho, he mate kino tēnei e puta mai ana ina pāngia tō tinana e te nui o te irahiko whakakoi i te wā kotahi, i roto rānei i te wā poto. Kua rongo pea koe e whakamahia ana te irahiko whakakoi i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, ngā tipu hiko, me ngā mahi hōia hei whakaputa pūngao. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā maimoatanga hauora motuhake; hei tauira, ko te rongoā irahiko ( rongoā irahiko ) mō ngā tūroro mate pukupuku e whakamahi ana i ngā horopeta iti rawa, he tino āta whakahaeretia.
Heoi, ko te mate irahiko e hono ana ki te pānga ohorere me te kino - pērā i te aituā nui i tētahi whare hiko karihi. Ko te kaha o tēnei mate e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga nui:
- Te nui o te irahiko e mimitihia ana e tō tinana: Ka inehia tēnei i roto i ngā waeine e kiia nei ko "Grays (Gy)." Ka nui ake te horopeta, ka nui ake te kino.
- Te roa o te pānga: He nui ake te mōrearea o te whiwhi i tētahi horopeta nui i roto i te wā poto i te whiwhi i ngā horopeta iti ake, kua kohia i roto i ngā wiki (pērā i te wā e rongoatia ana te mate pukupuku ).
- Ahakoa i pāngia te tinana katoa, i tētahi wāhanga motuhake rānei: Mēnā ka pāngia te tinana katoa e te horopeta nui, ka mate pea i roto i ngā hāora, ki ngā marama rānei.
Whakaarohia ngā pūtau o tō tinana he rite ki ngā whare iti. Tērā pea he rite te horopeta iti o te irahiko ki ngā kino iti ka taea e te tinana te whakatika. Heoi, ko te pānga nui, ohorere o te irahiko he rite ki te whakangaro katoa i aua whare—koinā te mea ka pā ki ō pūtau.
He aha ngā momo matua o te mate irahiko (ARS)?
I muri i te pānga ohorere ki te horopeta nui o te irahiko, e toru ngā mate matua (he kohinga tohu) ka puta:
1. Te mate roro: Ka pā tēnei ki te rere o te toto ki tō roro . Ka puta ina whiwhi te tinana katoa i te horopeta irahiko tino teitei (neke atu i te 30 Gy). He mate kino, he mate kino hoki tēnei.
2.Te mate puku (GI): Ka pā kino tēnei ki tō pūnaha nakunaku . Ka puta pea mēnā ka whiwhi te tinana katoa i tētahi horopeta i waenga i te 6 me te 30 Gy.
3. Te mate toto: Ka pā tēnei ki te kaha o tō tinana ki te whakaputa i ngā pūtau toto . Ka puta pea tēnei mēnā he 1 ki te 6 Gy te horopeta mō te tinana katoa.
He morearea ia momo, engari ko te kaha o te irahiko ka whakawhirinaki ki te horopeta o te irahiko ka ngongohia.
He pēhea te noa o tēnei, ā, me āwangawanga koe?
Ko te mea pono, he tino onge ngā āhuatanga ohorere irahiko, ira-karihi rānei (e hiahia ana kia awhina hauora tonu mā te 911, mā ngā ratonga ohorere ā-rohe rānei). Heoi, ki te puta he āhuatanga pēnei, ka pā ki te tini o te tangata i te wā kotahi. Ko ngā āhuatanga tino kino o te hītori ko ngā poma atomika i tukuna ki Hapani i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao me te aituā tipu Chernobyl i te tau 1986. Haunga ngā mate i pā mai i taua wā tonu, i mate ngā mano i muri mai i te mate pukupuku i puta mai i te ira-karihi . Nō reira, ahakoa ehara i te mea noa, he āhuatanga kino rawa atu mēnā ka puta.
He aha ngā tohu, ā, me pēhea te mōhio ki a rātou?
Ka puta tonu mai ngā tohu o te pānga o te irahiko, ā, ka puta pea i roto i ngā rā, i ngā wiki, i ngā marama rānei i muri mai. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā tohu i runga i te mate, anei ngā tohu tuatahi e kitea whānuitia ana :
- Te ngenge nui me te ngoikore
- Te whakapairuaki me te ruaki (i ētahi wā ka ruaki toto )
- Te toto toto i roto i te rectum (ngā tūtae toto)
- Korere
- Kirika
- Te pōhēhē, te kore aro rānei
- Te ngaro o te makawe
- Te riri o te kiri, te whero, te pupuhi, te werawera rānei
Koinei ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe. Whai muri i ēnei, ka tīmata te puta haere o ngā tohu me ngā raruraru e pā ana ki ngā mate kua kōrerotia i mua ake nei.
He aha ngā wāhanga o te mate irahiko?
Ka ahu whakamua te Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) i roto i ētahi wāhanga rerekē, tae atu ki:
1. Wāhanga tīmatanga: Ko ngā tohu tuatahi (pēnei i te whakapairuaki me te ruaki) ka tīmata i waenga i ētahi meneti ki ngā rā e rua i muri i tō pānga ki te irahiko.
2. Wāhanga ngaro kāore he tohu:He wāhanga tinihanga pea tēnei. Kia memeha haere ngā tohu tuatahi, tērā pea ka rite koe ki te mea kua ora koe, engari ka roa pea tēnei wā kore tohu mai i ētahi haora ki te 21 rā.
3. Wāhanga mate pūnaha: Koinei te wā e puta ai ngā tohu kino me ngā huringa nui o te tinana. I runga i te momo mate, ka tīmata pea tēnei wāhanga mai i ētahi haora ki te 60 rā i muri i te pānga o te irahiko.
He aha te take o te mate irahiko whakapeka?
E whakamahara atu ana a Nirogi Lanka ki a koutou ko te Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) te take matua o te pānga tika ki ngā horopeta nui o te irahiko, ki te poke rānei o waho/o roto o ngā rauemi irahiko. Ahakoa ka whakararuraru pea ngā horopeta iti o te irahiko i te kaha o ō pūtau ki te whakatika, ki te wehewehe rānei, ka mate ngā pūtau i ngā horopeta nui .
Ka pāngia koe e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i ngā pahūtanga karihi, ngā aituā irahiko, ngā hua irahiko rānei mai i ngā whakamātautau patu karihi. Hei tāpiri, ka pangia pea koe e te kai, e te wai rānei kei roto ngā matū irahiko, mā te pa atu rānei o te kiri ki ngā rauemi irahiko.
He mate hopuhopu te ARS?
He āwangawanga noa tēnei. Mēnā kua pāngia tetahi e te nui o te irahiko, ā, kua horoia pai tōna kiri – arā, kua tangohia ōna kākahu, ā, kua horoia pai tōna kiri – kāore ia e tū hei mōrearea mō te irahiko ki a koe, nā te mea kua uru te irahiko ki roto i tōna tinana.
Heoi, mā te noho tata ki tētahi kāore anō kia horoia, ka tūpono koe ki te paihana irahiko . Hei tauira, he nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā kaiwhakaora tuatahi ohorere i roto i ēnei āhuatanga.
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te ARS?
Ka tātaritatia e ngā tākuta te ARS mā te whai whakaaro ki ētahi āhuatanga:
- Hītori Whakaaturanga: Ngā taipitopito mō te āhua me te wā i puta ai te aituā.
- Ngā Tohu me ngā Āhuatanga: Ō amuamu motuhake, te wā i tīmata ai, me tōna kaha.
- Ngā Whakamātautau Taiwhanga: Tērā pea he Tatau Toto Katoa (CBC) , ka aroturukitia i roto i te wā hei whakatau i te horopeta o tō irahiko me te matapae i tō matapae.
Mena ka whakapaetia he poke, ka whakamahia e ngā kaimahi hauora he kaute Geiger-Muller hei matawai i tō tinana katoa mō te irahiko whakakoi. Hei tirotiro i te poke o roto, ka whakamahia pea e rātou he ūkui mai i ō taringa, waha, patunga rānei, ā, ka whakamātautau pea i tō mimi me tō tūtae mō te irahiko.
He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga?
Ko te maimoatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaha o te pānga. I ngā āhuatanga ohorere, ka whakatairangahia e ngā tīma hauora te tiaki i runga i te tūponotanga o te mate.
Ko ngā maimoatanga paerewa ko:
- Te whakakorenga poke:Te tango i ngā kākahu me te horoi pai i te kiri hei ārai i te horapa o te irahiko ki ētahi atu.
- Ngā tikanga pokanga: Ka mahia mēnā he whara e morearea ana ki te ora.
- Manaaki tautoko: Kei roto ko ngā wai ā-uaua, ngā electrolytes, te whakahaere mamae mō ngā weranga me ngā whara, me ngā paturopi hei ārai, hei rongoā rānei i ngā mate.
- Te ārai i te mate pukupuku tairoi: Ko te tikanga ka tohua e ngā tākuta ngā papa pāhare pākawa iodide ki ngā tamariki me ngā wāhine hapu hei ārai i te mimiti o te repe tairoi i te iodine irirangi.
- Te whakahaere i te mamae hinengaro: Ka pāngia pea koe e te pānga o te irahiko. Ka whakaratohia e mātou he rongoā hinengaro , ā, ki te tika, hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatau i tō mamae.
Ka taea te ārai i te mate pāwera irahiko?
Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i ngā wā katoa i te pānga ohorere o te irahiko, e kī ana a Nirogi Lanka kia mahi koe i ēnei mahi i roto i tētahi āhuatanga ohorere karihi:
- Whakarerea tonutia: Waiho atu i te wāhi e pāngia ana e te irahiko i te wā e taea ai, kaua hoki e hoki anō ki roto.
- Whakakore i te poke: Tangohia tonutia ngā kākahu kua poke, ka hiritia ki roto i tētahi ipu. Horoia pai tō tinana ki te hopi me te wai.
- Rapua he awhina hauora: Whakapā atu ki ngā ratonga ohorere (911) mō te āwhina tonu.
He aha te tirohanga mō te wā roa?
Ko tō matapae i muri i te mate irahiko ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga nui:
- Te nui katoa o te irahiko kua mimitihia e tō tinana.
- Te whānuitanga o tō tinana e pāngia ana e te pānga.
- Te tere o tō whiwhinga i te tiaki hauora ngaio.
He mate morearea te mate irahiko. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te nui ake o te horopeta irahiko e pāngia ana e koe, ka tere ake te whanaketanga o te mate, ā, ka iti ake te ōrau ora.
Ahakoa te hunga i ora i te wā tuatahi, kei reira tonu te mōrearea o ngā raruraru mō te wā roa . Tērā pea ka nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i ētahi mate pukupuku, pērā i te leukemia me te mate pukupuku tairoi , ā muri ake nei.
Āhea te wā e rapu ai i te tiaki hauora?
Ki te whakaaro koe kua pāngia koe e te nui o te irahiko, he āhuatanga hauora ohorere tēnei e hiahia ana kia tere te tiaki a te tohunga . Neke atu i te pūtake irahiko i te wā e taea ai, ka waea atu ki te 911, ki ō ratonga ohorere ā-rohe rānei, mō te āwhina wawe.
Ngā Kaupapa Matua: Ngā Mea Me Mahara Koe
Kua kōrerohia e mātou ngā āhuatanga nui o te mate irahiko. Anei ngā mea tino nui hei maumahara māu:
- He mate kino te mate irahiko , he mate morearea hoki e puta mai ana i te pānga ki ngā horopeta nui o te irahiko whakakoi.
- Ahakoa he tino onge ēnei tūmomo āhuatanga, he kino ngā pānga ki te hauora.
- Ko ngā tohu tīmatanga ko te ngenge nui, te whakapairuaki, te ruaki, te korere, te kirika, me te ngaro o te makawe.
- Ki te pāngia koe e te pānga o te irahiko, tangohia ō kākahu ka horoia tō kiri ki te hopi me te wai hei horoi i a koe anō i te wā e taea ai.
- Kātahi ka rapu awhina hauora tonu . He mea nui te wawaotanga wawe hei whakapai ake i ō tupono ki te ora.
Ko te tumanako ka whai hua ēnei kōrero mai i Nirogi Lanka. Ko te noho mōhio te taahiraa tuatahi ki te noho haumaru. Kia tiakina koe!
Kupumatua: Mate Pāwerawera, Mate Pāwerawera Ārai, ARS, Pāwerawera Āraiwera, Whakararuraru Āraiwera, Ngā Tohu o te Pāwerawera, Āhuatanga ohorere karihi
