Kei te pāngia hoki koe e ngā kōhatu waikawa uric i roto i ō whatukuhu? Kia tūpato tātou ki tēnei!

Kei te pāngia hoki koe e te mamae me te kore whakamarie ina mimi koe? Tērā pea kua kite koe i te toto iti i roto i tō mimi. He mea noa te mataku ina puta he mea pēnei. Engari kāore he take e whakama ai koe ki tēnei, e huna rānei i a koe anō. Nā te mea he tohu ēnei o tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko ngā "kōhatu waikawa uric" e puta mai ana i roto i ngā whatukuhu. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero taipitopito, me te tino māmā hoki mō te aha ēnei kōhatu waikawa uric, te āhua o te putanga mai, ngā tohu, me pēhea te rongoā, me pēhea hoki te ārai.

He aha ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

I roto i ngā kupu māmā, ko ngā kōhatu waikawa uric tētahi o ngā momo kōhatu whatukuhu e whā. Ko te kōhatu whatukuhu he puranga totoka o ngā kohuke me ngā tote i roto i tō tātou tinana ka puta i roto i te mimi. He rite ki te kirikiri iti. Ka taea te puta i roto i ō whatukuhu, i hea rānei i roto i tō pūnaha mimi – te wāhanga o tō tinana e puta ai te mimi i roto i tō tinana. Ka taea e ngā kōhatu waikawa uric te mamae ina mimi koe me te toto i roto i tō mimi (hematuria). Kaua e mataku mēnā kei a koe ēnei tohu. Engari he mea nui kia kite wawe koe i te tākuta kia kitea ai he aha te take, kia kore ai hoki he raruraru kē atu.

He aha te waikawa uric?

He para te waikawa uric i roto i ō tātou toto. Ka puta mai i te wā e pakaru ai ngā matū e kiia nei ko ngā "Purines" i roto i tō tātou tinana. He mea noa te kitea o ēnei purine i roto i te mīti, inā koa ngā mīti whero pērā i te mīti kau me te poaka, me ētahi inu waipiro pērā i te pia me te waipiro. I te nuinga o te wā, ka rewa te nuinga o tēnei waikawa uric i roto i te toto, ka haere mā roto i ngā whatukuhu, ā, ka puta mai i te tinana i roto i te mimi. Heoi, ka tīmata te hanga o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric ina:

• Mena he tino tiketike te taumata o te waikawa uric i roto i tō mimi .
• Mena he waikawa rawa tō mimi i ngā wā katoa .

Ka whai mana pea ēnei take e rua.

He pēhea te noa o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

E ai ki ngā kairangahau i ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, tata ki te kotahi i roto i te tekau tāngata ka pāngia e te kōhatu whatukuhu i roto i ō rātou oranga. O ēnei, 8% ki te 10% he kōhatu waikawa uric. He mea noa tēnei āhuatanga i Sri Lanka i ēnei rā.

He aha ngā tohu o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

He rite ngā tohu o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric ki ērā o ētahi atu momo kōhatu tākihi. Ko te tohu matua ko te mamae . Ka puta tēnei mamae i te pēhanga mai i ngā kōhatu, i roto i te tākihi, i te ara mimi rānei, ka noho pūmau, ka whara rānei. Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e te mamae:

• I roto i te puku o raro.
• Ngā taha.
• I roto i te puku.
• I te rohe i waenganui i ngā huha (`Groin`).

Ko ētahi atu tohu ka kitea pea ko:

• Te toto i roto i te mimi.
• Whakapairuaki , ruaki rānei .
• Te kirika.
• Te mātao (‘Chills’).
• He kakara kino kei roto i te mimi.
• Te mimi pouri.

Me pēhea te hanganga o ēnei kōhatu waikawa uric?

Mena he teitei ō taumata waikawa uric (e kiia ana e te rongoā he hyperuricemia), ka tīmata te hanga o ngā tioata waikawa uric. Ka honoa ēnei tioata waikawa uric ki ētahi atu matū o te tinana hei hanga i tētahi kōhatu totoka. Kātahi ka nui haere te kōhatu. Kei roto pea i te whatukuhu tonu, ka taea rānei te heke iho i te ara mimi ka piri ki roto i te ureter. Ka kiia e mātou he kōhatu ureter. Mena he tino iti ēnei kōhatu, ka taea e rātou te puta atu i te tinana me te mimi, i ētahi wā kāore he mamae, he iti rānei te mamae. Engari ki te kore, ka taea e rātou te piri ki roto i ngā whatukuhu, i ngā ureter, i te pūkahukahu, i te urethra rānei, ka aukati i te rere o te mimi. Ko te wā tēnā ka tīmata te puta mai o te mamae me ētahi atu tohu, nā te mea ka kino ēnei kōhatu ki ngā pakitara o ngā ngongo kua purua.

He aha ngā tino take o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

Ko ngā tino take ka nui ake te waikawa o tō mimi:

Te kore e taea e te tinana te whakahaere tika i te waikawa uric, te pūmua rānei i roto i te kai

Ina kore e taea e te tinana te whakahaere tika i te waikawa uric, i te pūmua rānei, ka waikawa te mimi. He mate tuku iho tēnei i ō mātua. Ko tētahi atu mate e pā ana ki tēnei ko te "Gout". Ka nui te waikawa uric i roto i te toto i te kauti, ā, ka puta he tioata mamae i roto i ngā hononga.

Te kai i ngā kai he nui te purines

He nui ngā purine i roto i ngā pūmua kararehe, pērā i te mīti kau, te heihei, te poaka, ngā hua manu, me te ika. He nui rawa ēnei i roto i ngā whekau kararehe pērā i te ate me ngā whatukuhu (ngā kuao kau, ngā whatukuhu). Ki te kai nui koe i tēnei momo pūmua kararehe, ka taea e te waikawa uric te hanga i roto i tō mimi. Ka taea e tēnei te hanga kohatu, ka hanga takitahi, ka honoa rānei ki te konupūmā. Heoi, ehara i te kai anake te take o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta mai i roto i te hunga e kai ana i ngā kai he nui te purines, ā, he tino pāngia hoki rātou e te ira tangata ki te hanga kōhatu.

Ētahi atu take o te nui o te waikawa uric

He maha atu anō ngā take ka piki ake ai ngā taumata o te waikawa uric:

• He nui ake i te 25 te taupū papatipu tinana (BMI) (arā, he taumaha rawa , he momona rānei).
• Ko ētahi rongoā me ngā tāpiringa, hei tauira, ngā diuretics me ngā immunosuppressants .
• Te rongoā chemotherapy mō te mate pukupuku.
• Mate huka momo 2.
• Te tāpiri nui rawa o te tote me te huka ki te kai.
• He hītori whānau kei a koe ngā kohatu tākihi.
• Kāore i te rawaka te korikori tinana.
• Kua oti te pokanga whakaiti taumaha ('Pokanga Bariatric').

Haunga ēnei mea katoa, ki te kore koe e inu wai nui , he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric, tae atu ki ētahi atu momo kōhatu tākihi.

Ko wai te mea tino tūpono ka pāngia e ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

He nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā tāne ki te pāngia e tētahi momo kōhatu whatukuhu. Ko te mōrearea mō te oranga katoa o te tāne he tata ki te 19%. Mō ngā wāhine, ko te mōrearea he tata ki te 9%. Ko te nuinga o te tangata kāore e pāngia e ngā kōhatu whatukuhu i mua i te 30 tau te pakeke. Engari ka taea e rātou te pāngia wawe, ā, i ētahi wā ka pāngia e ngā tamariki nohinohi.

He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i te kōhatu waikawa uric?

Mā tētahi momo kōhatu whatukuhu ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate whatukuhu mau tonu (CKD). Mēnā he kōhatu kotahi tōu, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te pāngia e tētahi atu i roto i ngā tau e rima ki te whitu e whai ake nei. Nō reira, he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

Ina haere koe ki te tākuta, ka pātai ia mō tō hītori hauora, ka pātai mō ō tohumate, ā, ka whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau tinana. Mēnā kei te whakapae ia he kōhatu waikawa uric tōu, ka whakahau ia i ētahi whakamātautau hei whakaū.

He aha ēnei whakamātautau?

Ka taea e te tākuta te tono i ngā whakamātautau penei:

• Ngā whakamātautau toto:Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau te kite i ngā taumata tiketike o te waikawa uric, te konupūmā rānei i roto i te toto, ā, ka taea hoki te āwhina ki te whakatau mēnā he āhuatanga kē atu kei te pūtake o ō tohumate.
• Te tātari mimi: Ka tonoa pea koe kia kohia he tauira mimi 24-hāora hei tirotiro i te nui o te waikawa uric me te konupūmā i roto i tō mimi.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Mā te matawai CT, te matawai ultrasound rānei ka āwhina i te tautuhi i te wāhi tika o ngā kōhatu i roto i te ara mimi. Ka taea e ēnei matawai te kimi i ngā kōhatu iti rawa. Kāore i te whakamahia ngā hihi-X o te puku mō tēnei kaupapa, nā te mea ka ngaro pea ngā kōhatu iti.
• Te tātaritanga kōhatu: Tērā pea ka hoatu he tātari motuhake ki a koe, ā, ka tonoa kia mimi koe mā roto. Ka mahia tēnei hei hopu i ngā kōhatu katoa e puta mai ana i roto i tō mimi. Kātahi ka tukuna ngā kōhatu ki tētahi taiwhanga hei tātaritanga hei whakatau i te momo kōhatu. Mā te tātaritanga i te kōhatu pēnei, ka taea e tō tākuta te whakatau he aha te take i puta ai te kōhatu, me te aha hoki ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i tōna hanganga anō.

Me pēhea te rongoā i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

Mena he iti iho i te 7 mirimita te rahi o te kōhatu, arā , he tino iti, tera pea ka puta ko ia anake. E toru wiki pea te roa o tēnei. Heoi, ahakoa ka puta ko ia anake taua kōhatu, he mea nui kia kōrero koe ki te tākuta kia mōhio ai koe ki te aha e taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te puta anō o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric. Anei ētahi mea ka puta ina inu nui koe i te wai:

• Ka heke te kukū o ngā kohuke i roto i tō mimi. Ka whakarewahia ngā kohuke e te wai, ā, ka māmā ake te puta atu me tō mimi.
• Ka akiaki i te mimi pinepine, ka panaia ai ngā matū ka puta ai ngā kōhatu.

E taunaki ana ngā tākuta kia nui te wai e inuhia ana hei whakaputa i te 2.5 rita o te mimi ia rā. Hei whakaputa i taua nui o te mimi, me inu e koe te 3 rita o te wai ia rā. Nā te mea ka ngaro ngā wai i roto i ō tātou tinana mā te werawera me te whakakori tinana. Ahakoa he mea nui te inu i tētahi momo wai, ko te inu wai te mea pai rawa atu .

He rongoā kei reira hei whakarewa i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

O ngā momo kōhatu whatukuhu katoa, ko ngā kōhatu waikawa uric anake te momo ka taea te whakarewa mā te rongoā . He maha ngā momo rongoā e whakamahia ana mō tēnei:

• Papa pāhare pākawa sitrate (hei tauira, Urocit-K®).
• Ngā papa konupūmā kāponāte (hei tauira, Tums®).
• `Allopurinol` (`Allopurinol`).

Ka mahi ngā papa pāhare pākawa waro, te papa konupūmā kāponāte rānei mā te whakapūmau i te kawakore o tō mimi. Ka whakaitihia e te Allopurinol ō taumata waikawa uric. Mena ka tohua ēnei rongoā e tō tākuta, he mea nui kia inumia he nui te wai me ēnei. Mā te inu i te nui o te wai ka āwhina i te whakarewa i te waikawa uric. Ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ngā rongoā e kiia nei ko ngā alpha-blockers, ka āwhina i ō whatukuhu kia tere ake te tuku i ngā kōhatu.

Me pokanga ahau?

Tērā pea me pokanga koe mēnā kei roto tō kōhatu waikawa uric i tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga:

• Mena he nui rawa te kohatu.
• Mena ka aukati i te rere o te mimi.
• Mena ka pā mai he mate urutā .
• Ki te kore koe e haere i muri i ngā wiki e whā, e ono rānei.

Ko ētahi atu huarahi hei whiriwhiri mā te pokanga ko ngā tikanga iti rawa te whakaekenga, ko ngā tikanga kore-whakaekenga rānei. Ko ētahi tauira ko:

• Te whakatōtōtanga ngaru ohorere o waho o te tinana (ESWL): Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā ngaru oro kaha-nui hei wawahi i ngā kōhatu. Kāore he tapahi, he mea rānei e whakanohoia ana ki roto i te tinana.
• ``Ureteroscopy``: I tēnei tikanga, ka whakaurua e te tākuta tētahi taputapu roa, angiangi (he ``endoscope``) mā roto i tō urethra ki roto i te ureter e pāngia ana. Kātahi ka whakamahia e te taote pokanga tētahi ``kete`` iti hei tango i te kōhatu. I ētahi wā ka whakamahia he ``reera`` hei wawahi i te kōhatu me te tango i ngā wahi.
• Te tango i te kōhatu i roto i te kiri (PCNL): Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga mō ngā kōhatu nunui. Ka tapahia e te taote pokanga he kōhatu iti ki tō tuara, ka whakaurua ki roto i te whatukuhu. Kātahi ka tangohia te kōhatu, ka pakaru rānei te kōhatu i te tuatahi, kātahi ka tangohia.

I muri i te pokanga, ka tukuna e te tākuta te kōhatu, ngā kongakonga rānei o te kōhatu ki te taiwhanga hei tātaritanga.

Me pēhea te inu wai e āwhina ai ki te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

Ko te inu i te nui o te wai e taunakitia ana i ia rā tētahi o ngā mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric me ētahi atu kōhatu tākihi. Ka whakaranua e ngā wai ngā hua para i roto i tō mimi, ka tukuna atu hoki ngā matū, ka ārai i te hanganga o ngā kōhatu.

Me pēhea atu te ārai i ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?

Anei ētahi atu mahi ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te hanganga o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric:

• Inuhia kia 91 hekere (2.7 rita) ki te 125 hekere (3.7 rita) o ngā wai i ia rā. Ko te wai te mea pai rawa atu .
• Kia mau ki te taumaha hauora e tika ana mōu.
• Whāia te mahere kai `DASH` (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te toto toto tiketike (hypertension) me te mōrearea o ngā kōhatu whatukuhu. (Ko te tikanga ko te whakaiti i te tote me te nui ake o ngā huawhenua, ngā hua, me ngā witi katoa).
• Whakamahia ngā rongoā i tohua e tō tākuta hei ārai i te hanganga tika o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric.

He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te tumanako mēnā he kōhatu waikawa uric tōku?

He pai te āhua o te mate mō ngā kōhatu waikawa uric me ētahi atu kōhatu tākihi. I te nuinga o te wā, ka memeha haere ngā kōhatu. Kāore pea koe e hiahia ki te rongoā. Ahakoa me rongoā, he whai hua ngā rongoā e wātea ana. Ka taea e koe te ora katoa. Heoi anō, tera pea ka hoki mai ngā kōhatu waikawa uric. Nō reira, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā huringa ki tāu e kai ana, e inu ana hoki, me ētahi atu mahi ka taea e koe te mahi hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?

Mena kua pāngia koe e ngā kōhatu waikawa uric i mua, kei te tino mōrearea rānei koe ki te whakawhanake i ngā kōhatu tākihi (ahakoa he aha te momo), mā te whai i ēnei mahi ka āwhina i a koe kia noho hauora:

• Inuhia he nui te wai.
• Whāia he kai hauora.
• Whakamahia ngā rongoā, ngā tāpiringa rānei kia rite ki te whakahaunga a tō tākuta.
• Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae nui, e ētahi atu tohu whakararuraru rānei, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu.

He aha ngā kai kāore e tika kia kainga mēnā he kōhatu waikawa uric tōu?

Āta karohia, whakawhāitihia rānei ngā kai he nui ngā purine. Ina nui rawa ngā purine e kainga ana e koe, ka nui ake te waikawa uric e whakaputaina ana e tō tinana. Ina teitei ngā taumata o te waikawa uric, ka nui ake te waikawa o tō mimi, ā, ka hua ake pea ngā kōhatu waikawa uric. Ko ētahi tauira o ngā kai he nui ngā purine ko:

• Mīti whero (pīhi, mīti koati, poaka).
• Ngā whekau o roto o te kararehe (whekau, ate, roro, whatukuhu).
• Pia me ētahi atu inu waipiro.
• Ngā ranu i hangaia mai i te mīti ('Gravies').
• Ngā ika ririki pērā i te sardine, te sprats, me te halibut, me ngā kai moana pērā i te tio, te kōura, me te pāpaka.

He mea pai hoki kia whakawhāitihia ngā kai me ngā inu he nui te huka, inā koa ko ērā kei roto ko te "High-fructose corn syrup". He mea pai kia nui ake te kai i ēnei kai:

• Ngā hua me ngā huawhenua.
• Ngā witi katoa.
• Ngā hua miraka iti-ngako.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Ki te whakaaro koe he kōhatu waikawa uric tōu, ā, kei a koe ēnei tohu, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu, me haere rānei ki te rūma whawhati tata:

• He kirika neke atu i te 38.6 nekehanga Celsius (101.5 Fahrenheit).
• Te werawera, te mamae nui rānei i te wā e mimi ana.
• Mamae kore e taea te whakamanawanui.
• Te toto i roto i te mimi.
• Te whakapairuaki me te ruaki tonu.
• Mena he mate tōu e nui ake ai te mōrearea o ngā raruraru mai i ngā kōhatu tākihi, pērā i te mate huka, te kotahi anake o ō tākihi, ētahi atu raruraru tākihi rānei.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki te tākuta?

• Ko tēhea tikanga maimoatanga te mea pai mōku?
• Me pokanga ahau?
• Me aha ahau hei ārai i te hanganga anō o ngā kōhatu waikawa uric?
• Me huri rānei e au aku kai me aku inu?
• Me tango e au ētahi tāpiringa, ētahi rongoā rānei?