Zinthu zomwe mukufuna kudziwa zokhudza chamba!

Muyenera kuti mwamvapo za chamba, sichoncho? Anthu ena amachitcha hemp , ganja, udzu, ndi pot. Ndi chinthu chomwe chingayambitse kusintha maganizo athu tikachigwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za chamba mwatsatanetsatane komanso mosavuta.

Kodi chamba ndi chamba ndi chinthu chimodzi?

Ngakhale anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "chamba" ndi "chamba" mosinthana, pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa awiriwa. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

• Chamba: Mwachidule, izi zikutanthauza chinthu chilichonse chochokera ku chomera cha Cannabis sativa. Izi zikutanthauza maluwa ouma, masamba, tsinde, ndi mbewu za chomera. Chomera ichi chili ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana oposa 500. Mwina munamvapo za cannabidiol (CBD). Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka mu chomera ichi.

• Chamba: Izi zikutanthauza gawo lililonse la chomera cha Cannabis sativa kapena zinthu zopangidwa kuchokera pamenepo, koma makamaka zomwe zili ndi mankhwala ambiri a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) . Ndi THC iyi yomwe imakhudza kwambiri malingaliro ndipo imayambitsa kumva ngati "wamwa mowa kwambiri."

Kodi mukumvetsa? Chamba ndi mtundu wa chamba. Komabe, si mitundu yonse ya chamba yomwe ndi chamba. Chifukwa si mitundu yonse ya chamba yomwe ili ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo otchedwa THC .

M'mayiko ngati United States, kugwiritsa ntchito chamba n'kofala, makamaka pakati pa achinyamata. Komabe, malinga ndi sayansi, pali zambiri zomwe sitikudziwa zokhudza chamba. Ofufuza akuphunzirabe zotsatira zake kwa kanthawi kochepa komanso kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi chamba ndi mankhwala osokoneza maganizo?

Kale, asayansi ankaika mankhwalawa mu chamba, THC, ngati chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa hallucinogen. Komabe, si kugwiritsa ntchito chamba konse komwe kumabweretsa zotsatirazi.

Anthu ena amatha kuona zinthu molakwika akagwiritsa ntchito chamba. Komabe, izi ndi zosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zina zosokoneza maganizo monga LSD, psilocybin (yomwe imapezeka mu bowa wamatsenga), kapena ecstasy. Izi zikusonyeza kuti zotsatira za chamba zosokoneza maganizo zingagwire ntchito mosiyana ndi mankhwala ena.

Kodi Chamba Chachipatala N'chiyani?

Mwina munamvapo mawu akuti "chamba chamankhwala." Mayiko ena ku United States ali ndi malamulo omwe amalola kugwiritsa ntchito chamba pazifukwa zachipatala. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pothandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro, osati kuchiza matenda. Nazi zina mwa ntchito za chamba chamankhwala:

• Kuchepetsa ululu wa nthawi yayitali , makamaka ululu wa mitsempha. Izi zingathandizenso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito opioids , mtundu wa mankhwala opweteka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa ululu.
• Kuchepetsa nseru ndi kusanza (monga mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba).
• Kuwongolera zizindikiro za matenda monga ' Multiple Sclerosis (MS),' mwachitsanzo, zinthu monga kuuma kwa minofu (Spasticity).
• Kuonjezera chilakolako cha chakudya .

Bungwe la U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) laika chamba m'gulu la mankhwala a Schedule I, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sichinagwiritsidwe ntchito pachipatala ndipo chimakonda kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito chamba. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madokotala sangalembe chamba. Komabe, m'maiko omwe malamulo ake ndi ovomerezeka, madokotala amatha kutsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito chamba ngati mankhwala a matenda enaake.

Bungwe la FDA silinavomereze chamba kuti chichiritse matenda aliwonse. Komabe, lavomereza mankhwala ena oyeretsedwa (analogs) ochokera ku chamba. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Cannabidiol (Epidiolex®): Izi zimathandiza kupewa ndi kuletsa khunyu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu iwiri yosowa ya khunyu yotchedwa Lennox-Gastaut syndrome ndi Dravet syndrome. Iyi ndi mankhwala ochokera kwa dokotala, mosiyana ndi mankhwala a CBD omwe mungagule ku pharmacy.
• Dronabinol (Marinol®) ndi Nabilone (Cesamet®): Mankhwalawa amathandiza kupewa ndi kuchiza nseru ndi kusanza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala a chemotherapy kwa odwala khansa. Dronabinol imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza matenda monga anorexia ndi kuchepa thupi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena Edzi.

Komabe, chifukwa chakuti kafukufuku watsatanetsatane ndi mayesero azachipatala akusowa pakugwiritsa ntchito chamba m'chipatala, si zipatala zonse ndi madokotala omwe amavomereza chamba chamankhwala, ngakhale ngati chambacho chaloledwa mwalamulo.

Kodi zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito chamba ndi ziti?

Chamba chimakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa izi. Taganizirani izi motere:

• Majini anu.
• zaka zanu.
• Jenda lanu.
• Kuchuluka ndi mphamvu ya chamba chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
• Momwe mumamwa chamba/THC (kusuta, kusuta, kapena kudya).
• Kodi mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito chamba kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso kangati mumagwiritsa ntchito chambacho?
• Kaya mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala.

Choncho, zomwe mumamva chifukwa cha chamba zingakhale zosiyana ndi zomwe wina amamva. Sikuti zokhazo, komanso zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito chamba nthawi zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kwa munthu yemweyo, zingakhale zosiyana.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kuli ndi zotsatirapo zingapo za nthawi yochepa komanso yayitali. Komabe, ofufuza akuphunzirabe za izi, makamaka zotsatira zake za nthawi yayitali.

Zotsatira za kanthawi kochepa

Mukasuta chamba, mankhwala a THC amalowa mwachangu m'magazi kudzera m'mapapo. Kenako magazi amanyamula THC kupita ku ubongo ndi ziwalo zina. Koma mukamadya kapena kumwa chamba, THC imalowa pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga theka la ola kapena ola kuti zotsatira zake ziyambe.

Mankhwala a `THC` ndi ofanana ndi mankhwala a `Anandamide` omwe amapangidwa mwachilengedwe m'matupi athu. Chifukwa chake, `THC` imatha kugwira ntchito ngati `Anandamide` ndikulumikizana ndi ma `Anandamide` receptors m'magawo ena a ubongo. Mwanjira imeneyi, `THC` yomwe ili mu chamba imayambitsa magawo a ubongo omwe ali ndi ma receptor ambiri awa, zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira zosiyanasiyana.

Nazi zotsatira zina za kanthawi kochepa zokhudzana ndi ntchito ya ubongo:

• Kusintha kwa kuzindikira kwa zinthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitundu ingawoneke yowala kuposa masiku onse, ndipo fungo lingakhale lamphamvu kwambiri.
• Kusintha kwa kaonedwe ka nthawi ndi malo.
• Chimwemwe chosazolowereka (Euphoria) ndi kusintha kwa malingaliro.
• Kuvuta kuganiza ndi kuthetsa mavuto.
• Kulephera kukumbukira.
• Kusokonezeka ndi kusokonezeka maganizo.
• Kumva mutu wopepuka komanso/kapena kugona (kugona movutikira).
• Chizungulire.
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kulinganiza bwino thupi (Kugwirizana).
• Liwiro loyankha pang'onopang'ono.
• Nthawi zina, mantha amatha kuchitika .

Ngati mutenga chamba chochuluka, zinthu zotsatirazi zingachitike:

• Kuona zinthu m'maganizo ndi kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo.
• Chikhulupiriro champhamvu pa zinthu zomwe si zoona (Delusions).
• Matenda amisala. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito chamba nthawi zonse.

Zotsatira zina zodziwika bwino za nthawi yochepa:

• Pakamwa pouma.
• Kusanza.
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (mpaka maola atatu mutasuta).
• Kuwonjezeka kwa njala.

Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali

Ofufuza akuphunzirabe za zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za kugwiritsa ntchito chamba. Nazi zina mwa zomwe zapezeka mpaka pano:

• Chamba, makamaka chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ali mwana, ubongo usanakule bwino , chingakhudze momwe maubwenzi ena amagwirira ntchito muubongo. Chingakhudze zinthu monga chidwi, kukumbukira, ndi kuphunzira. Zotsatirazi zimatha kukhala zokhalitsa komanso zosatha .
• Kusuta chilichonse, kuphatikizapo chamba, kungawononge mapapo, kuonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a bronchitis, komanso kuyambitsa zipsera m'mitsempha yaying'ono yamagazi.
• Kusuta chamba kungapangitse kuti munthu adwale sitiroko, matenda a mtima, ndi matenda ena a mitsempha yamagazi .
• Zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito utsi wa ndudu zomwe zili ndi THC zalumikizidwa ndi mavuto a m'mapapo, komanso mwina imfa.
• Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chamba pafupipafupi komanso omwe ali ndi chibadwa choyambitsa matenda amisala, monga schizophrenia , ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.
• Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito THC yambiri kwa nthawi yayitali ali pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda otchedwa Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome, omwe amachititsa kusanza pafupipafupi komanso kwakukulu.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kwa nthawi yayitali kumakhudzana ndi:

• Matenda a periodontal.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle cell nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mavuto opweteka.
• Kusokonekera kwa njira yopangira umuna (spermatogenesis) kungakhudze kubereka.

Kodi pali ubwino uliwonse wogwiritsa ntchito chamba?

Kunena zoona, asayansi ndi madokotala sanganene motsimikiza kuti chamba chili ndi ubwino woterewu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa palibe kafukufuku wokwanira wokhudza ubwino wa mankhwala, makamaka zotsatira zake kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndipo momwe chamba chimakhudzira munthu aliyense ndi zosiyana kwambiri.

Ngakhale munthu aliyense anganene kuti walandira maubwino enaake, n'kovuta kufika pa mfundo zomveka chifukwa cha zinthu zonsezi.

Kodi kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito chamba ndi kotani?

Kuwonjezera pa zotsatira zachangu komanso za nthawi yayitali za kugwiritsa ntchito chamba pa thanzi, palinso zoopsa zina zingapo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha ngozi zamagalimoto.
• Pakati pa akuluakulu azaka zopitirira 65, kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha ngozi.
• Zinthu zina za chamba/chamba zitha kukhala ndi majeremusi, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kapena zinthu zina zoopsa.
• Zinthu zina za chamba/chamba zingakhale ndi kuchuluka kosiyana kwambiri kwa ma cannabinoids kuposa zomwe zalembedwa pa chizindikirocho.

Kodi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito chamba ndi chiyani?

Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa akuluakulu 10 omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chamba amakhala ndi vuto lotchedwa Cannabis Use Disorder . Ilinso ndi mtundu wa vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUD) . Mwachidule, ndi vuto la thanzi la maganizo. Vutoli limachitika pamene njira ya munthu yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo imakhala yovuta ndipo imayambitsa kuvutika maganizo kapena kusokonezeka m'miyoyo yawo. Izi zikafika poipa kwambiri, timatcha kuti chizolowezi .

Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti, ana aang’ono omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chamba ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito chamba nthawi zinayi kapena zisanu ndi ziwiri kuposa akuluakulu.

Matendawa akhoza kukhudza kwambiri thanzi lanu, maubwenzi anu, komanso moyo wanu wonse. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna thandizo zizindikiro za matendawa zikayamba kuonekera.

Chamba ndi mimba

Nkhani imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri. Mabungwe azachipatala monga FDA amalangiza mwamphamvu kuti asagwiritse ntchito chilichonse chomwe chili ndi `CBD` kapena `THC`, kuphatikizapo chamba, panthawi ya mimba kapena poyamwitsa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chamba panthawi ya mimba kungayambitse zotsatirazi:

• Zingakhudze kukula kwa ubongo wa mwana m'mimba. THC imatha kulowa mu ubongo wa mwana wosabadwayo kuchokera m'magazi a mayi. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kukhudzidwa kumeneku kungakhudze chidwi cha mwana, kukumbukira, komanso luso lake lothana ndi mavuto.
• Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi mwana wobadwa ndi thupi lochepa chikhoza kuwonjezeka.
• Chiwopsezo cha kubadwa msanga komanso mwina kubadwa kwa mwana wakufa chingawonjezeke.

Mkaka wa m'mawere ukhoza kukhala ndi THC kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi mutagwiritsa ntchito chamba. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito chamba mukamayamwitsa . THC ingakhudze kukula kwa ubongo wa mwana wanu.

Utsi wa chamba uli ndi zinthu zambiri zoopsa zomwezo monga utsi wa fodya. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kupewa kusuta chamba pamaso pa makanda kapena ana aang'ono.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Monga mukuonera, chamba chili ndi zotsatirapo zingapo kwa kanthawi kochepa komanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Zambiri mwa izi zikuphunziridwabe ndi asayansi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito chamba ndi zinthu zina za chamba.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito chamba m'chipatala, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito chamba, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu . Iwo alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Kumbukirani, thanzi lanu ndiye chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufufuza bwino chilichonse musanagwiritse ntchito chilichonse, makamaka kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

` Chamba, hemp, THC, CBD, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, zotsatira pa thanzi, kuledzera