Kodi mwana wanu wapatsidwa mankhwala a ADHD ndi dokotala chifukwa chakuti akuvutika kumvetsera? Kapena mwamvapo za mwana wa mnzanu akumwa? Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri akamwedwa monga momwe dokotala wanenera. Komabe, kafukufuku watsopano wavumbula chizolowezi choopsa cha ana ena azaka zopita kusukulu kuwagwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Monga makolo, ndikofunikira kuti tonse tidziwe izi.
Choyamba, kodi ADHD ndi chiyani?
ADHD, kapena Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ndi vuto lomwe likukambidwa kwambiri m'dziko lathu pakali pano. Mwachidule, ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi kukula kwa mitsempha. Mwana amene ali ndi vutoli akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto atatu akuluakulu:
1. Kuvuta kusunga chidwi (Kusasamala): Kuvuta kusunga chidwi pa ntchito imodzi panthawi. Kusokonezeka mosavuta.
2. Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso : Kuvutika kukhala pamalo amodzi. Kuthamanga nthawi zonse, kulumpha, komanso kusakhazikika.
3. Kusaganiza bwino: Kuchita zinthu ndi kulankhula mwadzidzidzi popanda kuganiza.
Makhalidwe amenewa akhoza kukhudza kwambiri zinthu monga ntchito yawo yophunzitsa komanso ubale wawo ndi anzawo.
Nchifukwa chiyani mankhwala olimbikitsa amaperekedwa kwa ADHD?
Dokotala angapereke mankhwala opatsa mphamvu, monga Ritalin, kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi ADHD. Tsopano mungaganize kuti, "Kupatsa mwana wochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso mankhwala ena opatsa mphamvu kumangomupangitsa kukhala wovuta kwambiri, eti?" Koma zosiyana ndi zimenezi ndi zoona.
Taganizirani izi ngati kuvala magalasi pa munthu wosaona. Monga momwe galasi limathandizira kuyang'ana maso, mankhwala awa amawongolera mankhwala (ma neurotransmitters) omwe amalamulira chidwi muubongo, kuchotsa zinthu zosafunikira, ndikuthandizira kuyang'ana pamalo amodzi.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti mwana azitha kuphunzira mofatsa, kutsatira malangizo, komanso kumaliza bwino ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi "kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika" kumatanthauza chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani ana amachita zimenezo?
"Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika" kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala popanda chilolezo cha dokotala. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti mwana m'modzi mwa ana anayi m'masukulu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika a ADHD . Uwu ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake ana amachita zinthu izi.
| Mtundu wa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Molakwika | Chifukwa Chogwiritsira Ntchito Molakwika |
|---|---|
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a wina popanda chilolezo cha dokotala. (monga kupempha mnzanu chakumwa) | Phunzirani nthawi ya mayeso pogona, kukulitsa chidwi chanu. Izi zimatchedwanso "Mankhwala Ophunzirira". |
| Kutenga mlingo woposa womwe waperekedwa. | 'Kumwa mowa kwambiri' pofuna kusangalala, kapena kuledzera. |
| Kuphwanya mapiritsi ndi kuwameza kudzera m'mphuno (kupumira) kapena njira zina. | Kuti mankhwala agwire ntchito mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri. |
Kodi zoopsa zazikulu za izi ndi ziti pa thanzi?
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu otere popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kuli ngati kuyendetsa galimoto pa liwiro lalikulu popanda kudziwa malamulo apamsewu. Ngozi yaikulu ingachitike nthawi iliyonse.
- Matenda a Mtima: Kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi zimatha kukwera mosazolowereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mavuto monga matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko.
- Mavuto a m'maganizo: Kusokonezeka maganizo (kusokoneza zenizeni ndi chinyengo), Paranoia (kukayikira ena popanda chifukwa, kuganiza kuti aliyense akukutsutsani), ndipo mkwiyo waukulu ungachitike.
- Kuledzera: Mankhwalawa akagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, ubongo umazolowera. Pakapita nthawi, mankhwalawa amatha kukhala ovuta kuwagwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zingayambitse kuledzera kwambiri.
- Imfa chifukwa cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso : Ngati mumwa mopitirira muyeso womwe walembedwa, thupi silingathe kupirira ndipo imfa ikhoza kuchitika.
Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti anzanu azikuvutitsani ndicho kukakamiza anzawo!
Chofunika kwambiri chomwe kafukufukuyu wavumbulutsa ndi ichi. Pamene chiwerengero cha ana omwe amamwa mankhwala a ADHD mwalamulo kusukulu chikuwonjezeka, chiwerengero cha ana omwe amamwa mankhwalawo molakwika chikuwonjezekanso. Chifukwa, mwayi woti ana apeze ndikupempha mankhwalawa ukuwonjezeka. Anzawo akamanena zinthu monga, "N'zovuta kuphunzira, yesani," ana ena amayesedwa kuchita chimodzimodzi.
Kodi tingatani ngati makolo?
Ndikoyenera kuchita mantha mukamva izi. Koma kuwonjezera pa mantha, ndikofunikira kuti tichitepo kanthu.
1. Kambiranani momasuka ndi mwana wanu: Kambiranani ndi mwana wanu za "kuphunzira mankhwala osokoneza bongo" ndi kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala molakwika m'njira yosawopseza komanso yochezeka. Muphunzitseni momwe angathanirane ndi kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo.
2. Sungani mankhwala a mwana wanu mosamala: Ngati mwana wanu wapatsidwa mankhwala awa, onetsetsani kuti mwawasunga pamalo otsekedwa. Musawasunge m'kabati ya kukhitchini kapena m'kabati ya mankhwala yomwe ingatsegulidwe mosavuta.
3. Samalani ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala: Onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu akumwa mlingo woyenera panthawi yoyenera. Yang'anirani kuchuluka kwa mapiritsi. Ngati mankhwala omwe ali m'botolo akutha mofulumira kuposa momwe mukuganizira, fufuzani.
4. Khalani tcheru ndi zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni mavuto:
- Kusintha kwa tulo (kusowa tulo usiku ndi kutopa masana)
- Matenda a kudya (anorexia)
- Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa khalidwe (kukwiya kwambiri, kubisa zinsinsi)
- Kutsika mwadzidzidzi kwa ntchito ya kusukulu kapena kuchita bwino kwambiri.
- Mwanayo ali ndi mapiritsi omwe si ake.
Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse kotere, musachite mantha, koma kambiranani ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kaye. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite si kungomuimba mlandu mwanayo, koma kumvetsetsa vutolo ndikupempha upangiri kwa dokotala. Mwachitsanzo, pakagwa ngozi, ngati mwana wamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo ndipo akuchita zinthu molakwika, nthawi yomweyo mupite naye ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala olimbikitsa ADHD ndi othandiza kwambiri komanso otetezeka akagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.
- Komabe, kumwa mankhwalawa popanda upangiri wa dokotala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kungayambitse mavuto aakulu pa thanzi, kuledzera, komanso imfa.
- Kafukufuku waposachedwapa watsimikizira kuti kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo m'masukulu ndi chifukwa chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala awa.
- Monga makolo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana momasuka ndi ana za kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusunga mankhwala kunyumba otetezeka, komanso kukhala maso pa kusintha kwa khalidwe la mwana wanu.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena nkhawa zilizonse, musamazinyalanyaze. Funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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