Kodi mwana wanu sangathe kukhala pamalo amodzi? Kapena mumavutika kwambiri kuganizira zinazake? Mukaona zizindikirozi, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti izi zitha kukhala ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ). Zoona, izi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za ADHD. Koma chifukwa chake sichili chofanana nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina, pakhoza kukhala mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe amasonyeza zizindikiro zofanana kwambiri ndi ADHD, kapena zomwe zimachitika limodzi ndi ADHD. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyesedwa kwathunthu kwachipatala kuti mudziwe zomwe zikuchitika. Lero, tikambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Ndi matenda ena ati omwe amatipangitsa kuganiza kuti ndi ADHD?
Munthu akamaganiza kuti ali ndi zizindikiro za ADHD, ndikofunikira kuti akafufuzidwe mokwanira ndi dokotala, kuphatikizapo kuyezetsa thupi, kuti adziwe ngati chomwe chikuyambitsa ADHD kapena china chake. Pali matenda ena ambiri omwe angayambitse makhalidwe ofanana ndi ADHD.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake, osati kuyesa kudzifufuza nokha pofufuza pa intaneti.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti tiwone zomwe zimawoneka ngati ADHD koma sizikuwoneka ngati.
| Mkhalidwe / Chifukwa | Kodi zimenezo zimawoneka bwanji ngati ADHD? |
|---|---|
| Kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa moyo (monga chochitika chomvetsa chisoni, chisudzulo, imfa m'banja) | Kupsinjika maganizo kwakukulu ndi chisoni chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha zinthuzi zingayambitse kusakhazikika maganizo, kusakhazikika, komanso kusakhazikika maganizo. Izi zikufanana ndi zizindikiro za ADHD. |
| Khunyu losadziwika | Mu mitundu ina ya khunyu (monga khunyu losapezeka), munthu amaoneka ngati ali mu chizungulire kwa masekondi angapo. Amaoneka ngati sakuganizira bwino ndipo ali m'dziko la maloto. |
| Mavuto a chithokomiro | Pamene chithokomiro chikugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso (Hyperthyroidism), kugunda kwa mtima kumawonjezeka, mumakhala osakhazikika, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kukhala pamalo amodzi. Izi zikufanana ndi zizindikiro za ADHD zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu la kusowa mphamvu. |
| Kuopsa kwa lead | Lead, makamaka mwa ana, ingakhudze kukula kwa ubongo ndi kuyambitsa mavuto a kuphunzira, kulephera kuyang'ana, komanso mavuto a khalidwe. |
| Mavuto ogona | Taganizirani, mungamve bwanji ngati simunagone bwino kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu? Simungathe kuganizira bwino, mumakwiya, mumatopa kwambiri. Kusagona mokwanira kungayambitse kusaganizira, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha ADHD. |
| Nkhawa ndi Kuvutika Maganizo | Mukakhala ndi mantha nthawi zonse komanso mantha (nkhawa), zimakhala zovuta kuyika maganizo anu pa chinthu chimodzi. Mofananamo, mukakhala osasangalala ndipo mulibe chidwi ndi chilichonse (kuvutika maganizo), zimakhalanso zovuta kuyang'ana pa ntchito. Zonsezi zingasokonezedwe ndi zizindikiro za ADHD. |
| Zovuta pakuphunzira | Mwana amene ali ndi vuto lowerenga kapena kulemba (monga dyslexia) angakhumudwe ndikuchita zinthu zosokoneza mkalasi chifukwa sangathe kuchita ntchito yake ya kusukulu. Izi zitha kusokonezedwa ndi ADHD. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa | Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa kumakhudza mwachindunji ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira chidwi ndi zilakolako, ndipo zizindikiro zake zimatha kufanana kwambiri ndi ADHD. |
Matenda Omwe Alipo ndi ADHD
Tsopano takambirana za matenda omwe angasokonezedwe ndi ADHD. Koma nthawi zina, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi ADHD ndipo amakhala ndi vuto limodzi kapena angapo nthawi imodzi. Matendawa timawatcha kuti matenda omwe alipo nthawi imodzi. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wapeza kuti pafupifupi 75% ya akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi vuto lina lomwe limavuta kuzindikira ndi kusamalira ADHD.
Matendawa amatha kusiyana pakati pa ana ndi akuluakulu.
| Kudwala | Momwe zimakhalira zofala kwambiri |
|---|---|
| Pakati pa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD | |
| Matenda a maganizo | Matenda monga kuvutika maganizo ndi matenda a bipolar amakhudza pakati pa 19% ndi 37% ya akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD. |
| Nkhawa | Pakati pa 25% ndi 50% ya akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD amavutika ndi nkhawa. |
| Kuledzera mowa | Zapezeka kuti pakati pa 32% ndi 53% ya akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ADHD amamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena | Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga chamba ndi cocaine kuli pakati pa 8% ndi 32%. |
| Pakati pa ana omwe ali ndi ADHD | |
| Zovuta pakuphunzira | Mavuto kusukulu ndi ofala kwambiri. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti mwana mmodzi pa ana asanu aliwonse ali ndi vuto losaphunzira. |
| Mavuto a khalidwe (Khalidwe/Vuto la Kusamvera Malamulo Otsutsana) | Izi zikutanthauza khalidwe loswa malamulo, lozunza ena, lankhanza, kapena lachifwamba. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi ADHD. |
| Kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa | Matendawa ndi ofala pakati pa akuluakulu ndi ana omwe. Amatha kukulirakulira chifukwa cha mavuto a kusukulu komanso mabwenzi. |
| Mavuto ndi anzanu | Zapezeka kuti 21% ya ana omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi khalidwe lomwe limasokoneza ubwenzi (poyerekeza ndi 2% yokha ya ana omwe alibe ADHD). Izi zimawaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kusamvera malamulo akamakula. |
Ndiye tiyenera kuchita chiyani?
Mukawerenga zonsezi, mwina mwamvetsa kuti kungonena kuti wina akunena kuti, "Ndilibe chidwi, ndine wopusa," sizikutanthauza kuti ndi ADHD. Komanso, ngati muli ndi ADHD, tsopano mukudziwa kuti pakhoza kukhala mavuto ena pamodzi ndi vutoli.
Choncho, ngati mukukayikira kuti inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi ADHD, chonde musapange zisankho nokha. Chinthu chabwino komanso chotetezeka kuchita ndikuwona dokotala woyenerera, makamaka dokotala wa ana kapena wamisala , kuti akafufuzidwe mokwanira. Pokhapokha mutadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa zizindikirozi, kaya ndi ADHD yokha kapena ndi vuto lina, ndikuyamba njira yoyenera kwambiri yothandizira inu kapena mwana wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Zizindikiro zofanana ndi ADHD zimathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi mavuto ena ambiri azaumoyo, monga mavuto ogona, matenda a chithokomiro, ndi nkhawa.
- Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ADHD (ana ndi akuluakulu) ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi vuto lina, monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo , kapena vuto la kuphunzira.
- Musadziyese nokha potengera zomwe mwawerenga pa intaneti kapena zomwe mwamva. Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro za ADHD, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala.
- Kuzindikira matenda molondola ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira njira yoyenera komanso yoyenera yothandizira inu kapena mwana wanu.
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