Ngati munthu amene ali pafupi nanu kapena wokondedwa wanu ali ndi ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), nthawi zina mungaone kuti makhalidwe ena a munthuyo amakuvutitsani, inuyo, kapena ena. Ndipotu, makhalidwe amenewa akhoza kukhala okhudzana ndi vuto la ADHD. Si akuluakulu onse omwe ali ndi ADHD omwe ali ndi makhalidwe oopsa, koma ambiri amachita zimenezo.
Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?
Kuti timvetse chifukwa chake, tiyenera kupita mozama pang'ono muubongo. Mwachidule, ubongo wathu uli ndi mankhwala apadera omwe amanyamula mauthenga mobwerezabwereza. Timawatcha ma neurotransmitters. Dopamine ndi neurotransmitter yofunika kwambiri yomwe imayang'anira zinthu monga chisangalalo chathu, kukhutira, ndi chidwi chathu.
Kafukufuku wapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa dopamine mu ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsika pang'ono.
"Mukayesedwa kuchita zinthu zoopsa, kuchuluka kwa dopamine muubongo kumawonjezeka mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD amalandira dopamine 'kick' yomwe alibe kuchokera ku zinthu ngati izi, amatha kukopeka ndi zinthu zoopsazi osazindikira," akutero Stephanie Sarkis, PhD, mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo .
Izi zikutanthauza kuti amamva kukhutitsidwa pang'ono ndi chisangalalo akamayendetsa galimoto mwachangu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mosasamala. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nthawi imeneyo amapeza dopamine yochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa majini zingapangitsenso anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD kukhala opupuluma komanso opupuluma.
Kwa anthu ena, mavutowa akhoza kukhala ang'onoang'ono monga kufika mochedwa pamisonkhano. Koma kwa ena, akhoza kukhala aakulu ngati kuthamanga mofulumira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Choncho, kumvetsetsa kugwirizana pakati pa ADHD ndi makhalidwe oopsawa n'kofunika kwa inu ndi wokondedwa wanu amene ali ndi ADHD.
Mavuto wamba ndi machitidwe oopsa okhudzana ndi ADHD
Tiyeni tione mavuto ena omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo komanso makhalidwe oopsa omwe amabwera chifukwa cha ADHD.
| Khalidwe/vuto loopsa | Kufotokozera pang'ono |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kuyamba kapena kumaliza ntchito | Kungakhale ntchito ya kusukulu kapena ntchito. Ngakhale mutayamba, zimakhala zovuta kukhalabe okhazikika ndikumaliza. |
| Kuswa malonjezo ndi kuchedwa | N’zachilendo kuona anthu osasunga nthawi komanso akuchedwa pa nthawi yokumana ndi anthu komanso maudindo. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mosasamala | Popanda dongosolo, timawononga ndalama zambiri chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe sitikuziyembekezera. Timamva chisoni pambuyo pake. |
| Mikangano yapafupipafupi | Kukwiya msanga ndi kukangana kungasokoneze ubale ndi anthu. |
| Kuvuta kusunga ubale | Zimakhala zovuta kusunga ubwenzi ndi ubale wachikondi. |
| Kuyendetsa galimoto moopsa | Kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kupitirira malire mosasamala ndizomwe zimayambitsa ngozi. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa | Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa nthawi zisanu ndi chimodzi. |
| Khalidwe logonana loopsa | Zingayambitse zinthu monga kugonana mosadziteteza. |
Kuwonjezera pa zinthu izi, malo okhala m'banja, abwenzi, mavuto ena amisala monga kuvutika maganizo, kapena kuvulala mutu kungathandizenso kuti makhalidwe oipawa achuluke.
Ndingakuthandizeni bwanji?
Ngati munthu amene mumamudziwa yemwe ali ndi ADHD akuchita zinthu zoopsa ngati zimenezi, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize.
1. Osamuneneza, yesani kumvetsetsa.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukumbukira kuti ADHD ndi vuto lachilengedwe, la mitsempha , komanso la majini . Si chinthu chomwe aliyense angachipange mwadala. Ndi chenicheni, ndipo chingakhale ndi zotsatira zenizeni.
Ngati mulankhula naye mokoma mtima komanso momvetsetsa m'malo mokwiya kapena kudzudzula, nthawi zambiri angakukhulupirireni ndikukuuzani za vuto lake akakhala nalo.
2. Konzani ndikugwirizana nazo.
Magawo akutsogolo a ubongo wathu ndi omwe amachititsa kuti zinthu ziyende bwino komanso kukonzekera tsogolo. Gawo ili la ubongo limagwira ntchito mosiyana pang'ono mukakhala ndi ADHD.
Choncho, muthandizeni kukonzekera tsiku lake ndi kukhazikitsa chizolowezi. Mwachitsanzo, nonse mungapange kalendala pamodzi ndikukhala ndi chizolowezi chochita zinthu zina nthawi imodzi tsiku lililonse. Izi zimuthandiza kuti asamachedwe komanso asaphwanye malonjezo.
3. Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pamodzi
Kafukufuku watsopano akusonyeza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD. Chifukwa chimodzi ndichakuti ngakhale mphindi zochepa chabe zochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala muubongo monga dopamine. Ngati mungathe kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa dopamine kudzera munjira zabwino monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, simungakhale ndi mwayi wochita zinthu zoopsa monga kumwa mowa kapena kuyendetsa galimoto mofulumira kwambiri.
4. Tumizani chithandizo ndipo chilimbikitseni
Mankhwala a ADHD angathandize kwambiri anthu ena. Kafukufuku wina adapeza kuti amuna omwe ali ndi ADHD akamwa mankhwala awo moyenera, amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chawo chochita ngozi yagalimoto ndi oposa 50%.
Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT) chimagwiranso ntchito kwambiri pochepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD. Chimaphatikizapo kuzindikira malingaliro athu oipa, kuwasintha, ndikuwongolera khalidwe lathu.
"Zotsatira zake zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri ngati mankhwala ndi uphungu zonse zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi. Choncho ngati wokondedwa wanu sakuonana ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala kapena mlangizi, mutumizeni kwa dokotala wina," akulangiza Ms. Sarkis.
Ndikofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala yemwe ndi katswiri wa ADHD kuti adziwe ngati wokondedwa wanu akufunikira mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti ADHD singathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu, chithandizo choyenera chingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikukweza moyo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si chinthu chomwe munthu amachita dala, ndi matenda enieni.
- Makhalidwe oipa nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa dopamine muubongo.
- Ndi bwino kwambiri kukhala womvetsetsa ndi wothandiza m'malo mokwiya.
- Kuwathandiza kukonzekera tsiku lawo ndi kukhazikitsa ndondomeko kungathandize kwambiri.
- Mwa kuchita zinthu zabwino monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi limodzi, mutha kuchepetsa makhalidwe oopsa.
- Chofunika kwambiri ndi kulimbikitsa anthu kuti akapeze upangiri wa zachipatala ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala yemwe ali ndi luso pankhaniyi.
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