Kodi mwana wanu ndi wovuta kwambiri? Sangathe kukhala pamalo amodzi? Kapena nthawi zonse amadandaula kuti samvetsera m'kalasi? Masiku ano timamva za ADHD nthawi zonse. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti ndi 'fad' yatsopano. Koma kodi ADHD ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji? Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane komanso mochokera pansi pa mtima.
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Kodi ndi anthu angati omwe ali ndi ADHD?
N'kovuta pang'ono kupereka yankho lomveka bwino la funsoli chifukwa ofufuza agwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana pofufuza nkhaniyi, ndipo deta yomwe amapeza ndi yosiyana pang'ono.
Malipoti ambiri akusonyeza kuti pakati pa 5% ndi 8% ya ana a msinkhu wopita kusukulu ali ndi vutoli, koma mabungwe monga CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) amati chiwerengerochi ndi chokwera kufika pa 11%.
Tsopano, vuto limodzi ndi izi ndilakuti maphunziro ena amadalira zomwe makolo amanena. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngati makolo anena kuti, "Dokotala anati mwana wanga ali ndi ADHD," zimenezo zimatengedwa ngati deta. Koma kungoti anena zimenezo, sizikutanthauza kuti mwanayo akukwaniritsa zonse zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi ADHD.
Nthawi zina, madokotala amatcha mwana kuti ali ndi ADHD ngakhale ali ndi mavuto ena a maphunziro, khalidwe, kapena maganizo. Mbali inanso ndi yoona. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ana ena omwe ali ndi ADHD sapezeka ndi matendawa.
Mwachidule, ADHD ingasokonezedwe ndi mavuto ena ambiri, kotero nthawi zina madokotala amavutika kusankha matenda omwe akukumana nawo.
Komabe, chinthu chimodzi chomwe akatswiri amadziwa bwino ndichakuti ADHD ndi vuto lofala kwambiri la khalidwe lomwe limapezeka mwa ana .
Kodi uwu ndi 'matenda atsopano'? "Tinalibe matenda amenewa nthawi yathu, sichoncho?"
Anthu ambiri amanena kuti ili ndi vuto la anthu amakono, kuti makolo anu "sanali ndi vutoli" ali ana. Amanena kuti chiwerengero cha ana omwe adapezeka ndi ADHD chinawonjezeka ndi 42% kuyambira 2003 mpaka 2011. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu ambiri akuyamba matendawa tsopano kuposa kale? Apanso, zoona zake n'zovuta pang'ono.
Makolo nthawi zambiri amafunsa kuti, "O, dokotala, kodi pali vuto ndi madzi? Kodi pali vuto ndi chakudya chomwe ndikupatsa mwana wanga? Kapena izi ndi chifukwa cha zomwe ndidachita panthawi ya mimba?"
Yankho lathu ndi lakuti: "Ayi, sizili choncho. Chomwe chachitika tsopano ndi chakuti anthu ambiri akudziwa bwino za vutoli, kafukufuku wochuluka wachitika pa izi, ndipo tsopano tili ndi zambiri zotsogola."Zipangizo ndi njira zodziwira matenda.
Taganizirani ngati kamera yakale komanso kamera yapamwamba masiku ano. Ndi njira zamakono zamankhwala komanso chidziwitso chamakono, tsopano titha kuzindikira molondola ana omwe tidawasowa kale. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina panali anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi ADHD zaka zambiri zapitazo monga momwe alili masiku ano, koma mwina sanadziwikepo kapena kuchiritsidwa.
Anyamata? Atsikana? Ndani ali ndi ADHD kuposa ena?
Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira molakwika kuti ADHD ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza anyamata okha. Ndipotu, deta yomwe ilipo pano ikusonyeza kuti anyamata ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri kupezeka ndi ADHD kuposa atsikana. Komabe, ziwerengerozi zitha kusintha pamene ofufuza akuphunzira zambiri za momwe vutoli limaonekera mwa atsikana.
Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ADHD :
1. Mtundu wosasamalira
2. Mtundu wa hyperactive-impulsive
3. Kuphatikiza mitundu yonse iwiri (mtundu wa Co MBI ned)
Ngati atsikana ali ndi ADHD, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zosaganizira bwino kuposa zizindikiro zopitirira muyeso . Chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Mtundu wophatikizanawu ndi wofala kwambiri pakati pa anyamata.
Kusiyana kumeneku kungamveke bwino kuchokera pa tebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Khalidwe | Mu atsikana | Mu anyamata |
|---|---|---|
| Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri | Mtundu wosasamalira | Mtundu wosakanikirana (Wophatikizana) |
| Zizindikiro zazikulu | Kulota masana, kusokonezeka mosavuta, kuiwala, kuvutika kukonza zinthu | Kulephera kukhala pamalo amodzi, kusinthasintha nthawi zonse, kuthamanga, kusokoneza zokambirana, kusowa kuleza mtima |
| Zotsatira za kuzindikira | Popeza zizindikiro sizikuonekera bwino, n'zotheka kuti matendawa angasokonezedwe ndi mwana "wodekha" kapena "wamanyazi" ndipo akusowa. | Chifukwa chakuti zinthuzo ndi zoonekera kwambiri ndipo zimatha kusokoneza kalasi, mwayi wozizindikira ndi wokwera. |
Kodi ADHD ndi vuto laubwana chabe?
Ayi. Pafupifupi 60% ya anthu omwe anali ndi ADHD ali ana amapitirizabe kukhala ndi zizindikiro akakula. Kuti munthu wamkulu adziwike kuti ali ndi ADHD mwalamulo, zizindikiro ziyenera kuti zinayamba asanakwanitse zaka 12. Mwina sizinadziwike ali mwana, koma zizindikiro ziyenera kuti zinayamba panthawiyo.
Zizindikirozi zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi, kotero ADHD ya munthu wamkulu singawoneke ngati ya mwana.
Tangoganizirani mnyamata amene ankakonda kuthamanga m'kalasi ali mwana, koma akakula sangathamange choncho. M'malo mwake, akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu poika chidwi ndi kukonza ntchito yake . Kuthamanga kwambiri si vuto lalikulu nthawi zambiri akakula, koma mavuto osowa chidwi angapitirire.
Nanga n’chiyani chimachitika kwa ena 40%? Kodi "achira kwathunthu" ku izi? Osati kwenikweni. ADHD ndi matenda a mitsempha . Tikudziwa kuti ubongo umakula ndikusintha pakapita nthawi. Kotero ubongo wawo wasintha, kapena moyo wawo wasintha kuti ugwirizane ndi izi.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu amene ali ndi ADHD amene amagwira ntchito bwino monga wogulitsa woyendayenda mwadzidzidzi asintha ntchito ya muofesi yogwira ntchito pa desiki, mavuto awo angabwerenso.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kumachepa pang'ono pamene tikukalamba. Pakati pa akuluakulu, pa mkazi m'modzi aliyense amene wapezeka ndi ADHD, pali amuna 1.6.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si vuto latsopano kapena vuto la makolo. Ndi matenda enieni okhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo.
- Odwala ambiri a ADHD akunenedwa tsopano, osati chifukwa chakuti matendawa akufalikira, koma chifukwa chakuti chidziwitso chathu, kumvetsetsa kwathu, ndi njira zathu zodziwira matenda zapita patsogolo.
- ADHD imadziwonekera mosiyana mwa atsikana kuposa anyamata. Chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro zawo (kusazindikira bwino) sizimawonekera bwino, nthawi zambiri sapezeka ndi kunyalanyazidwa.
- Izi sizikutanthauza ubwana wokha. Anthu ambiri amapitirizabe kukhala ndi zizindikiro mpaka atakula, ndipo mtundu wa zizindikirozo ukhoza kusintha pakapita nthawi.
- Ngati mukukayikira pang'ono kuti inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi ADHD, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino za vutoli ndikulandira chithandizo cholondola komanso malangizo.
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