Kodi mwana wanu wamwamuna samakhala pamalo amodzi? Kodi nthawi zonse amadzuka n’kuyendayenda m’kalasi, ndipo kodi mphunzitsi nthawi zambiri amadandaula kuti akuvutitsa ana ena? N’chimodzimodzinso kunyumba, samakhala pamalo amodzi akudya, nthawi zonse amathamanga n’kulumphalumpha... Nthawi zina mungaganize kuti, ‘Kusamvera kwa mwana uyu n’koopsa kwambiri.’ Kodi kusamvera kumeneku n’kwachibadwa, kapena ndi vuto limene tiyenera kuliganizira? Ndicho chimene tikambirane lero. M’mawu azachipatala, timatcha vutoli kuti Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, kapena ADHD mwachidule.
Mwachidule, kodi ADHD ndi chiyani?
ADHD ndi imodzi mwa matenda amisala omwe amafala kwambiri paubwana. Ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi kukula ndi magwiridwe antchito a ubongo, ndipo si vuto la mwana kapena kholo. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa izi kaye.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti vutoli ndi lofala kwambiri mwa anyamata kuposa atsikana. Asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti kukhala mnyamata kungakhale chifukwa chachikulu cha ADHD. Ena amakhulupirira kuti atsikana sapezeka mosavuta chifukwa zizindikiro zawo zimakhala zosaonekera bwino ndipo n’zosavuta kuzizindikira.
Kodi zizindikiro zimasiyana bwanji pakati pa anyamata ndi atsikana?
Inde, zizindikiro za ADHD nthawi zambiri zimasiyana malinga ndi jenda. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri.
Anyamata nthawi zambiri amadziwika ndi kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ndi okonda zinthu monyanyira, osakhazikika, sangakhale chete, ndikuchita chilichonse chomwe akufuna kuchita (osakhazikika). Ichi ndichifukwa chake amaonedwa mosavuta ngati anthu osafunika m'kalasi komanso m'gulu la anthu.
Koma ngati atsikana ali ndi ADHD, ambiri a iwo amavutika kumvetsera (Osamvetsera). Izi zikutanthauza kuti amakhala chete kwambiri, savutitsa aliyense mkalasi, koma maganizo awo sali paliponse. Nthawi zonse amakhala osochera m'maloto.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili kuti timvetse kusiyana kumeneku momveka bwino.
| Makhalidwe omwe amapezeka mwa anyamata (Osachita/Osaganiza) | Makhalidwe omwe atsikana amakhala nawo (Osasamalira) |
|---|---|
| N'zovuta kwambiri kukhala pamalo amodzi. Nthawi zonse ndimasewera ndi zala ndi miyendo yanga. | Chidwi chimasinthidwa mosavuta. Ngakhale phokoso laling'ono kwambiri limatha kusokoneza. |
| Sindingathe kudikira nthawi yanga. Ndimadana kwambiri kudikira pamzere. | Ndimangoganizira zinthu zomwe zimandichitikira nthawi zonse. Sindingathe kumva zomwe zikuphunzitsidwa mkalasi. |
| Mwadzidzidzi amalowa m'makambirano ndi masewera a anthu ena. | N'zovuta kutsatira malangizo. Ngati mundiuza zinthu zingapo motsatizana, sindidzazikumbukira. |
| Amayesa kuyankha funso asanamalize kulifunsa. | Sindingathe kugwira ntchito yanga mwadongosolo. Desiki yanga ndi chipinda changa nthawi zonse zimakhala zosokoneza. |
| Kuthamanga nthawi zonse, kulumpha, kukwera pa mipando ndi matebulo. | Ndimaiwala zinthu nthawi zonse. Nthawi zonse ndimataya mabuku, mapensulo, ndi mapepala a homuweki. |
Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi. Anyamata ena angakhale chete komanso osalabadira, pomwe atsikana ena angakhale otanganidwa kwambiri. Choncho makhalidwe amenewa saonekera kwa aliyense mofanana.
Kodi mumazindikira bwanji ADHD molondola?
Iyi ndi ntchito yovuta pang'ono. Chifukwa, kwenikweni, ana onse, makamaka ali aang'ono, amakhala osinthasintha, amavutika kukhala okhazikika, komanso samatha kumvetsera bwino. Chifukwa chake zingakhale zovuta kwa makolo kusiyanitsa pakati pa kusinthasintha kwabwinobwino ndi ADHD.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi momwe makhalidwe amenewa amakhudzira moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana .
- Kodi simungathe kumaliza ntchito ya kusukulu?
- Kodi n'kovuta kukhala bwino ndi ana ena ndikupeza mabwenzi?
- Kodi nthawi zambiri mumagwira ntchito zoopsa?
Ngati yankho la mafunso awa ndi 'inde', mwina silingakhale nthabwala chabe.
N’chifukwa chiyani atsikana sadziwika kwambiri?
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi.
- Kukula mwachangu:Popeza atsikana amakula mofulumira m'maganizo ndi m'thupi kuposa anyamata, angapeze njira zawozawo zothetsera ndi kulamulira zizindikirozi.
- Matenda ena: Atsikana ndi akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo pamodzi ndi ADHD. Zikatero, dokotala angaphonye vuto la ADHD ndipo angachiritse vuto lina lokha.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati sichikuchiritsidwa?
Ngati ADHD siipezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa, ikhoza kukhudza kwambiri tsogolo la mwana. Ikhoza kusokoneza sukulu, kuyambitsa mavuto kuntchito, komanso kuyambitsa mavuto m'banja komanso maubwenzi ndi anthu ena .
Izi zingakhudze makamaka amuna, chifukwa amuna nthawi zambiri safuna kulankhula za mavuto awo azaumoyo monga akazi kapena kuonana ndi dokotala. Zotsatira zake, amatha kuvutika moyo wawo wonse popanda kulandira chithandizo.
Kawirikawiri, atsikana omwe ali ndi ADHD amapezeka akakula. Anthu ena amadziwa kuti ali ndi ADHD mwana wawo akapezeka ndi ADHD. Komabe, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti akazi omwe ali ndi ADHD amakhala ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo komanso kudziona kuti ndi osafunika kuposa amuna.
Ndiye kodi timachita chiyani? Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Ngati mukukayikira ngakhale pang'ono kuti mwana wanu ali ndi ADHD, chinthu chabwino komanso chokhacho choti muchite ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wa ana kapena dokotala wa banja za vutoli. Iye adzatumiza mwana wanu kwa katswiri ngati pakufunika kutero.
ADHD singathe "kuchiritsidwa" kwathunthu. Koma zizindikiro zake zimatha kuthetsedwa bwino kwambiri. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, mwana amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wachimwemwe.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zochizira:
1. Chithandizo cha Khalidwe: Njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa makamaka kwa ana osakwana zaka 6. Apa, makolo amaphunzitsidwa momwe angayang'anire khalidwe la mwana wawo. Mwachitsanzo, kupanga chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha mwana, kumuyamikira akachita bwino ntchito yake, ndi kufotokoza bwino malamulo.
2. Mankhwala ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe: Kwa ana okulirapo, njira ziwirizi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi. Mankhwala amathandiza kuyendetsa bwino ntchito za ubongo, kukonza nthawi yosamalira, komanso kuchepetsa kusakhazikika.
Chofunika kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa kuti simuli nokha paulendowu. Dokotala wanu ndi akatswiri ena azaumoyo ali pano kuti akuthandizeni inu ndi mwana wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si vuto la mwana kapena makolo ake. Ndi vuto lenileni lachipatala.
- Anyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makhalidwe okhwima kwambiri, pomwe atsikana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi makhalidwe osaganizira.
- Ngati khalidwe loipa la mwana wanu likukhudza ntchito yake ya kusukulu, ubwenzi wake, ndi moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku, musanyalanyaze zimenezo ngati zachilendo.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu mwamsanga.
- Chithandizo choyenera (mankhwala ochizira khalidwe ndi/kapena mankhwala) chingathetse bwino zizindikiro za ADHD ndikutsogolera mwana kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
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