Kawirikawiri madokotala amayamba ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa kuchiza ADHD. Komabe, mankhwalawa si oyenera aliyense. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri. Kwa ena, mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito bwino monga momwe ayenera kuchitira. Chifukwa chake ngati mukufuna njira zina za mankhwala a ADHD, muli ndi njira zingapo. Nthawi zina dokotala wanu amawonjezera mankhwala olimbikitsa ku mankhwala omwe mukumwa kale, kapena angakuuzeni kuti mumwe mankhwalawa nokha popanda mankhwala olimbikitsa.
Kodi mankhwala osalimbikitsa a ADHD ndi ati?
Mwachidule, mankhwala osalimbikitsa a ADHD angagawidwe m'magulu atatu akuluakulu.
1. Mankhwala osalimbikitsa omwe ali ndi ADHD: Awa amapangidwira makamaka kuchiza ADHD ndipo avomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito.
2. Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi : Mankhwalawa amathandizanso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD mwa anthu ena.
3. Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo: Izi zimathandiza ndi ADHD mwa kulamulira mankhwala muubongo. Ndi othandiza makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ndi matenda ena amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhawa.
Mankhwala osalimbikitsa omwe amayambitsa ADHD
Atomoxetine (Strattera) ndi Viloxazine (Qelbree) ndizovomerezeka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito mwa ana, achinyamata, ndi akuluakulu. Zimagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ofunikira muubongo otchedwa norepinephrine. Izi zawonetsedwa kuti zimathandizira kuyang'ana nthawi yayitali komanso kuchepetsa khalidwe lopupuluma komanso kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso .
Ngakhale kuti Clonidine ER (Kapvay) ndi Guanfacine ER (Intuniv) ndizovomerezeka kwa ana azaka zapakati pa 6 ndi 17, madokotala amapatsanso akuluakulu mankhwalawa. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poyang'ana mbali zina za ubongo. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti amachepetsa kusokonezeka kwa zinthu ndipo amawongolera chidwi, kukumbukira bwino ntchito , komanso kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro .
Kodi ubwino wa izi ndi wotani kuposa mankhwala opatsa mphamvu?
Mosiyana ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa, mankhwala osalimbikitsa nthawi zambiri samayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa zambiri, monga kusakhazikika maganizo, kusowa tulo, kapena kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya. Komanso samakhala ndi chiopsezo choledzera.
Chinthu china chofunika ndichakuti zotsatira za mankhwala olimbikitsa thupi zimatha kubwera mwadzidzidzi kenako n’kutha mofulumira. Komabe, zotsatira za mankhwala osalimbikitsa thupi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhalitsa komanso zosalala .
Tidziwenso zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala osalimbikitsa.
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina , kotero ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
| Gulu la mankhwala | Zotsatirapo zomwe zingatheke |
|---|---|
| Atomoxetine (Strattera) |
|
| Zoopsa zochepa koma zazikulu za Atomoxetine zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo: | |
| Atomoxetine (yoopsa) |
|
| Clonidine (Kapvay), Guanfacine (Intuniv), Viloxazine (Qelbree) |
|
| Zoopsa zochepa koma zazikulu za mankhwalawa ndi izi: | |
| Clonidine, Guanfacine, Viloxazine (yoopsa) |
|
Popeza mankhwalawa angayambitse kugona, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa momwe angakukhudzireni musanayendetse galimoto kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera .
Mankhwala Oletsa Kupanikizika kwa Magazi Ogwiritsidwa Ntchito pa ADHD
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, monga Clonidine (Kapvay) ndi Guanfacine hcl (Tenex), angathandizenso kuchepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD. Amatha kutonthoza madera ena a ubongo.
Amathandizanso kuchepetsa zotsatirapo zoyipa, makamaka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mankhwala opatsa mphamvu, monga kusowa tulo komanso khalidwe lankhanza. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito okha kapena pamodzi ndi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu.
Komabe, pali mkangano wina wokhudza kupereka izi pamodzi ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa. Pakhala malipoti a imfa mwa ana omwe adamwa mankhwala onsewa pamodzi. Sizikudziwika ngati imfa izi zidachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala awiriwa, koma kusamala kwambiri kuyenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kotereku.
Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse. Iye adzachitapo kanthu kuti achepetse chiopsezo chanu poyang'ana kugunda kwa mtima wanu (ECG) ndikuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi anu nthawi zonse. Ngati ubwino wake ukuposa zoopsa, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizochi.
Zotsatirapo zake ndi omwe sayenera kumwa
Zotsatirapo zazikulu za izi ndi kugona, kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono, mutu, ndi chizungulire. Nthawi zambiri, kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha kumachitika. Izi sizingakhale zoyenera kwa inu ngati inu kapena wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mbiri ya kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono kapena matenda a mtima.
Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ADHD
Mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD. Awa ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri, makamaka kwa ana kapena akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo limodzi ndi ADHD.
Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo chidwi, kulamulira chilakolako, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, komanso kuchita zinthu mwankhanza. Koma kumbukirani kuti sizigwira ntchito bwino ngati mankhwala olimbikitsa kapena osalimbikitsa pakukweza chidwi ndi kukhazikika.
Ubwino umodzi wa izi ndi wakuti ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa cha chizolowezi. Amagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma neurotransmitters muubongo, monga `norepinephrine`, `serotonin`, ndi `dopamine`.
Pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a Tricyclic: Mankhwala monga `Desipramine` ndi `Imipramine` ali m'gululi. Ngakhale kuti awa ndi othandiza, angayambitse mavuto monga pakamwa pouma komanso kudzimbidwa.
- Bupropion (Wellbutrin): Iyi ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri a ADHD. Komabe, ingayambitse mavuto kwa anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa kapena khunyu.
- Mankhwala oletsa MAO: Mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri chifukwa amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa. Amaganiziridwa pokhapokha ngati palibe mankhwala ena omwe agwira ntchito.
Chofunika: Bungwe la FDA lachenjeza kuti mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo angawonjezere pang'ono chiopsezo cha maganizo ofuna kudzipha ndi khalidwe lodzipha mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Chifukwa chake ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
Dziwani izi musanamwe mankhwala aliwonse osalimbikitsa.
Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala osalimbikitsa, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu za izi:
- Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa.
- Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a matenda ena aliwonse (monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, kapena mankhwala ogonetsa).
- Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala owonjezera zakudya, mankhwala azitsamba, kapena mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda ena (kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena kutsika, khunyu, matenda a mtima, glaucoma, mavuto amisala, matenda a chiwindi).
- Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha mankhwala kale.
- Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.
Inu ndi dokotala wanu mukangoganiza kuti mankhwala osalimbikitsa ndi oyenera kwa inu, imwani mankhwalawo monga momwe mwalangizidwira, pa mlingo woyenera . Dokotala wanu angachitenso zinthu monga kuyezetsa magazi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti awone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito bwino komanso ngati pali mavuto aliwonse.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si mankhwala okhawo opatsa mphamvu. Palinso njira zingapo zosapatsa mphamvu.
- Kuti musankhe chithandizo choyenera kwa inu, lankhulani moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu za mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala komanso mankhwala ena onse omwe mukumwa.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi popanda upangiri wa dokotala. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse mavuto monga kukwera mwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Siyani kumwa mankhwalawa pang'onopang'ono.
- Zingatenge milungu iwiri kapena inayi kuti mumve zotsatira zonse za mankhwalawa, choncho khalani oleza mtima ndipo pitirizani kumwa mankhwalawa.
- Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zachilendo kapena zoopsa (makamaka khungu likayamba chikasu, kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima, maganizo ofuna kudzipha).
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