Kodi mumavutikanso kumaliza ntchito? Kodi mumadzimva kuti ndinu wosakhazikika, wosakhazikika, ndipo mumakonda kupanga zisankho mopupuluma? Kapena mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu ndi wochita zinthu mopupuluma komanso wosakhazikika? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda otchedwa ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ). Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazochizira zazikulu komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa izi ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa. Mankhwalawa angakuthandizeni kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu. Tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mwachidule lero.
Kodi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu awa ndi ati?
Mwachidule, mankhwalawa amathandiza kuwongolera zizindikiro zazikulu za ADHD. Izi ndi izi:
- Kuvuta kusunga chidwi (nthawi yochepa yosamalira)
- Khalidwe losakhazikika
- Kusachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso
Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amaperekedwa okha ngati chithandizo. Nthawi zina, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa pamodzi ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe.
Pafupifupi 70% ya akuluakulu ndi 70% mpaka 80% ya ana omwe amamwa mankhwalawa amawongolera bwino zizindikiro zawo. Amachepetsa kwambiri kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso , kusokonezeka, komanso kusakhazikika. Amathandizanso kumaliza ntchito ndikusunga ubale ndi ena.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti malinga ngati agwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, odwala amatha kusunga chidwi chawo ndi khalidwe lawo pamlingo wabwino.
Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?
Taganizirani izi motere: ubongo wathu uli ndi mankhwala otchedwa 'postmen' omwe amanyamula mauthenga pakati pa maselo a mitsempha. Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi milingo yotsika pang'ono ya awiri mwa 'postmen' awa, dopamine ndi norepinephrine.
Chomwe mankhwala olimbikitsawa amachita ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala amenewo. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa mwachilengedwe tikamachita chinthu chomwe chimatisangalatsa. Chomwe mankhwalawa amachita, monga momwe amachitira zachilengedwe, ndi kutulutsa mankhwalawa pang'onopang'ono komanso mosalekeza muubongo. Izi zimawonjezera mphamvu zanu, zimakuthandizani kuyang'ana kwambiri, komanso zimakusungani maso.
Mitundu yayikulu ya mankhwala olimbikitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ADHD
Mankhwala olimbikitsa a ADHD akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu: ogwirira ntchito mwachidule, ogwirira ntchito pakati, ndi ogwirira ntchito nthawi yayitali.
- Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa: Mankhwalawa amatengedwa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku. Ubwino wake ndi wakuti mutha kuwongolera nthawi yomwe mankhwalawa amatenga m'thupi lanu. Vuto lake ndilakuti muyenera kukumbukira kumwa mankhwalawa pafupipafupi.
- Mankhwala ogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali: Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku, nthawi zambiri m'mawa. Ubwino wake ndi wakuti simuyenera kukumbukira kumwa mankhwala anu pafupipafupi. Izi zingachepetsenso zotsatirapo zina. Vuto lake ndilakuti mpaka mutapeza mlingo ndi nthawi yoyenera ya mankhwalawo, mungakhale ndi vuto logona usiku.
Mankhwalawa akhoza kubwera ngati mapiritsi, mapepala, zakumwa, kapena mapiritsi otafuna. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu ndi mlingo woyenera kwa inu kapena mwana wanu.
| Nthawi yogwira ntchito | Dzina la mankhwala onse | Zitsanzo za Dzina la Brand |
|---|---|---|
| Kuchita Zinthu Mwachidule | Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine, Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine, Dexmethylphenidate | Ritalin, Dexedrine, Adderall, ndi Focalin |
| Kuchita Zinthu Pakati | Methylphenidate, Amphetamine sulfate | Ritalin SR, Metadate ER, Evekeo |
| Kuchita Zinthu Kwa Nthawi Yaitali | Methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine, Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine, Dexmethylphenidate | Concerta, Ritalin LA, Vyvanse, Adderall XR, Focalin XR, Daytrana (chigamba) |
Ndani sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa?
Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa matenda awa, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olimbikitsa awa. Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a mtima kapena kufooka kulikonse mumtima mwanu
- Ngati muli ndi glaucoma (kupanikizika kwa maso)
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa yaikulu, kusakhazikika, kapena kusokonezeka maganizo
- Ngati muli ndi vuto lotchedwa tics (kusuntha kosalamulirika kwa ziwalo za thupi)
- Ngati muli ndi matenda a Tourette, kapena ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali nawo
- Ngati pali mbiri ya matenda amisala
- Ngati mwagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa 'Monoamine oxidase inhibitor' (MAOI) m'masabata awiri apitawa.
Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani chifukwa cha mankhwala?
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatira zina zoyipa. Koma musadandaule, nthawi zambiri izi zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa. Zidzatha pakatha milungu ingapo thupi lanu likazolowera mankhwalawo.
| Zotsatira Zam'mbali | Kufotokozera & Zimene Mungachite |
|---|---|
| Mutu, kupweteka m'mimba | Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndipo zimatha mkati mwa milungu ingapo yoyambirira. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kowonjezeka | Dokotala adzayang'ana kuthamanga kwa magazi anu nthawi zonse. |
| Kutaya chilakolako/kuchepetsa thupi | Izi zitha kupewedwa mwa kumwa mankhwalawa mutadya. Phatikizani zokhwasula-khwasula zokhala ndi ma calories ambiri muzakudya zanu. |
| Kusakhazikika, kusowa tulo | Izi zitha kupewedwa mwa kusintha mlingo kapena mtundu wa mankhwala. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. |
| Tics | Izi zitha kulamulidwanso mwa kusintha mlingo wa mankhwala. |
Ngati ana apatsidwa mankhwalawa, ana ena angakule pang'onopang'ono kuposa ana omwe samwa mankhwalawa. Koma izi sizikhudza kutalika kwawo komaliza. Dokotala wanu aziyang'anira kutalika ndi kulemera kwa mwana wanu nthawi zonse.
Chofunika kwambiri: Ngati zotsatirapo zake zikupitirira, kapena ngati zizindikiro zina zachilendo zayamba, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
Kodi mungakhale ndi chizolowezi cha mankhwala awa?
Izi ndi vuto kwa anthu ambiri. Ndipotu, akapatsidwa ana ndi achinyamata pa mlingo woyenera wa ADHD, mankhwalawa samayambitsa chizolowezi. Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti kumwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa chizolowezi cha mankhwala pambuyo pake. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala a ADHD ali ndi chiŵerengero chotsika cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuposa omwe ali ndi ADHD omwe samwa mankhwala.
Komabe, pali kuthekera kwa chizolowezi ngati cholimbikitsa chilichonse chikagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika . Izi ndizofunikira makamaka ngati muli ndi mbiri ya chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.
Malangizo ofunikira kwa makolo
Ngati mukuganiza zoyamba mwana wanu kumwa mankhwala olimbikitsa a ADHD, kumbukirani izi.
- Nthawi zonse imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, mu mlingo woyenera, komanso panthawi yoyenera. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
- Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala , yambani tsiku la kumapeto kwa sabata. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kuwona bwino momwe mankhwalawa amakhudzira mwana wanu.
- Dokotala nthawi zambiri amayamba ndi mlingo wochepa kenako pang'onopang'ono amawonjezera mlingo.
- Khalani ndi chizolowezi chopatsa mwana wanu mankhwala nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse. Mungafunike thandizo la mphunzitsi kapena namwino kuti akupatseni mankhwala kusukulu.
- Ngati mwaiwala kupereka mlingo, perekani nthawi ina. Musapereke mlingo wowonjezera kuti mubwezeretse mlingo womwe munaphonya. Musapereke mankhwala mochedwa kwambiri masana.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala olimbikitsa ndi othandiza kwambiri pa matenda a ADHD, koma si oyenera aliyense.
- Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito pokonza mankhwala a ubongo mu ubongo.
- Zotsatirapo zingachitike, koma zambiri mwa izo zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa ndipo zimatha kuthetsedwa.
- Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Simuyenera kusintha mlingo kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
- Chiwopsezo cha chizolowezi chimakhala chochepa kwambiri ngati chatengedwa pa mlingo woyenera, koma dziwani kuti chikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
- Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi nkhawa zilizonse, musazengereze kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu.
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