Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza Aduhelm (Aducanumab) ya matenda a Alzheimer's

Mawu sangafotokoze chisoni ndi kusowa chochita komwe timamva pamene wokondedwa wathu, mwina mayi, bambo, kapena bwenzi, adwala matenda a Alzheimer 's, omwe amachititsa kuti munthu aiwale. Madokotala ndi asayansi padziko lonse lapansi akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti apeze mankhwala a matendawa. Chifukwa cha khama lotere, dziko lonse lapansi linayamba kulankhula za mankhwala a Aducanumab , omwe amabwera pansi pa dzina la Aduhelm. Koma ngakhale kuti panali ziyembekezo zazikulu za mankhwalawa, panalinso mkangano waukulu. Tsopano kupanga mankhwalawa kwayimitsidwa. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za Aduhelm iyi, momwe imagwirira ntchito, komanso chifukwa chake sikupezekanso.

Mwachidule, kodi Aduhelm (Aducanumab) iyi ndi chiyani?

Aduhelm ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa la kuzindikira . Ndi a gulu lapadera la mankhwala otchedwa monoclonal antibodies .

Tangoganizirani, matenda a Alzheimer akayamba, mtundu wa puloteni wotchedwa amyloid umasonkhana pakati pa maselo amitsempha muubongo mwathu, n’kudziika ngati zinyalala. Timatcha izi kuti amyloid plaques . Ma plaques amenewa amawononga maselo a muubongo ndikuwapangitsa kufa. Ntchito yaikulu ya mankhwala a Aduhelm ndi kuzindikira ma amyloid plaques omwe amasonkhana muubongo ndikuthandizira thupi kuwachotsa.

Mankhwalawa adavomerezedwa ndi bungwe la US FDA m'njira yachilendo, osanyalanyaza malangizo a bungwe lolangiza la bungweli. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, akatswiri ena azachipatala adakayikira kufunika kofufuza zambiri za chitetezo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwalawa.

Komabe, kampani yomwe idapanga mankhwalawa idasiya kupanga kwathunthu mu 2024. Tidzaona chifukwa chake pambuyo pake.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kamodzi pamwezi kudzera mu IV infusion . Monga tanenera kale, chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a Alzheimer's ndi kuchulukana kwa puloteni yotchedwa amyloid-beta mu ubongo, ndikupanga ma plaque. Izi zimapangitsa kuti maselo a muubongo afe, zomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kulephera kukumbukira ndi kusintha kwa khalidwe.

Asayansi ankaganiza kuti pochotsa plaque mwanjira imeneyi, maselo a muubongo adzasiya kufa ndipo kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira ndi luso loganiza kudzawongoleredwa.

Kodi mankhwalawa ndi othandizadi? N’chifukwa chiyani pali mkangano woterewu pankhaniyi?

Funso limene anthu ambiri ali nalo ndi ili. Kafukufuku waukulu awiri adachitika kuti afufuze momwe mankhwala a Aduhelm amagwirira ntchito.

1. Kafukufuku woyamba: Izi zasonyeza kuti mankhwala a Aduhelm anachepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma amyloid plaques muubongo. Anachepetsanso pang'ono kuchuluka kwa kuchepa kwa kukumbukira ndi kuthekera kochita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku mwa iwo omwe adamwa mankhwala ambiri . Koma mankhwalawa sanathe kuletsa kapena kusintha matendawa.

2. Kafukufuku wachiwiri: Kafukufukuyu sanawonetse phindu lililonse kwa odwala. Chifukwa chake, kafukufukuyu adayimitsidwa pakati.

Zotsatira za kafukufuku mmodzi yekha sizinali zokwanira kukhutiritsa bungwe lolangiza la FDA. Koma FDA inaganiza zovomereza mankhwalawa. Koma nthawi yomweyo, inapatsa Biogen, kampani yomwe imapanga mankhwalawa, zaka zisanu ndi zinayi kuti ichite kafukufuku wina kuti itsimikizire kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwalawa. Kuvomerezedwa mwadzidzidzi kumeneku kunayambitsa mkangano waukulu, ndipo zipatala zina zazikulu zinaganiza zosapereka kwa odwala awo mpaka zitapezeka zambiri zokhudza mankhwalawa.

Kusiyana pakati pa Aducanumab ndi Lecanemab

Pali mankhwala ena otchedwa Lecanemab (Leqembi) ofanana ndi Aducanumab (Aduhelm). Ndi mankhwala a monoclonal antibody. Zonsezi zimagwira ntchito poyang'ana mapuloteni a amyloid muubongo. Komabe, pali kusiyana pang'ono pa momwe amagwirira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mankhwala awiriwa amagwira ntchito pazigawo ziwiri zosiyana pakupangika kwa amyloid plaque. Lecanemab idavomerezedwa ndi FDA mu 2023. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti imatha kuchepetsa kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa ndi pafupifupi 20%-30%.

Kodi zotsatirapo zoyipa za Aducanumab ndi ziti?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, Aducanumab ingayambitse zotsatirapo zina . Zina mwa izi zitha kukhala zoopsa, choncho ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.

Chofunika kwambiri n’chakuti ngati munthu amene akumwa mankhwala amtunduwu akumana ndi zizindikiro zachilendo, ayenera kuuza dokotala wake nthawi yomweyo.

Nanga n’chifukwa chiyani mankhwala amenewa anasiya kugwiritsidwa ntchito?

Mu Januwale 2024, Biogen adalengeza kuti asiye kupanga ndi kugulitsa Aducanumab. Anthu ambiri ankaganiza kuti izi zinachitika chifukwa cha nkhawa za chitetezo kapena kusowa kwa mphamvu. Koma chimenecho si chifukwa chenicheni.

Kampaniyo inafotokoza kuti izi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti inaganiza zoika patsogolo chuma chake (ndalama, magulu ofufuza, ndi zina zotero) popanga ndi kutsatsa mankhwala ena a Alzheimer's, makamaka mankhwala monga Lecanemab. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ichi chinali chisankho cha bizinesi ndi kasamalidwe ka zinthu, osati chisankho chomwe chinapangidwa chifukwa cha nkhawa za chitetezo cha mankhwalawa kapena mphamvu yake.

Ndi chisankho ichi, pambuyo pa Novembala 1, 2024, ngakhale odwala omwe adalandira mankhwalawa pakamwa sadzathanso kuwapeza.