N'zovuta kufotokoza mantha ndi kudabwa komwe mumamva dokotala wanu akakuuzani kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere. "Ndinapeza bwanji izi?", "Kodi izi zidzachiritsidwa?", "Kodi zidzachitikira ana anga chiyani?" Mafunso chikwi ngati awa mwina akukukumbutsani. Ichi ndi chochitika chomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nacho. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za izi momveka bwino komanso mwachidule kuti tichotse mantha anu.
Kodi khansa ya m'mawere imayamba bwanji kukula m'thupi?
Ndipotu, khansa zonse zimayamba mofanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, maselo m'thupi lathu amayamba kugawikana mofulumira kwambiri, osalamulirika. Taganizirani za thupi lathu ngati nyumba yaikulu yopangidwa ndi njerwa. Apa, njerwa ndi "maselo." Kawirikawiri, njerwa zakale zikamafa, njerwa zatsopano zimapangidwa kuti zitseke mipata. Iyi ndi njira yolongosoka kwambiri .
Koma m'maselo a khansa, dongosololi limasokonekera. Chidziwitso cha majini, chomwe ndi DNA, m'maselo amenewo chimakhala cholakwika . DNA yolakwika iyi imatha kuperekedwa kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana. Kapena, DNA ikhoza kuwonongeka chifukwa chokumana ndi zinthu zina m'malo omwe timakhala.
Umu ndi momwe maselo omwe alephera kulamulira amagawikana mofulumira kwambiri ndikuphatikizana kuti apange chotupa chaching'ono. Mu khansa ya m'mawere, maselo osazolowerekawa amakula m'mitsempha yomwe imanyamula mkaka kupita ku nipple, kapena m'matenda opanga mkaka (lobules) a m'mawere. Timatcha izi zotupa za maselo.
Kodi khansa ya m'mawere imafalikira bwanji m'thupi lonse?
Maselo a khansa ali ngati mbewu zoyipa. Amayambira pamalo amodzi, m'mawere, ndipo pakapita nthawi, amasweka ndikuyamba kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Maselo amenewa amatha kuyenda kudzera m'magazi kapena m'malo olumikizirana mafupa kupita kumadera akutali a thupi ndikukulitsa maselo atsopano.
Malo omwe maselo a khansa ya m'mawere amatha kufalikira kwambiri ndi awa:
Khansa ikafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi mwanjira imeneyi, timaitcha khansa yofalikira kapena khansa yachiwiri. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi gawo loipa la khansa akapezeka ndi matendawa. Nthawi zina, ngakhale khansayo itapezeka msanga, imatha kubwereranso pambuyo polandira chithandizo.
Ndicho chifukwa chake ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse m'mawere anu, kapena chotupa chatsopano , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ikapezeka msanga, mwayi wochira ndi kuchiritsidwa umakhala waukulu.
Kodi mahomoni amathandiza ndi khansa?
Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri. Maselo ena a khansa ya m'mawere ali ndi mapuloteni apadera otchedwa "receptors" pamwamba pawo. Ganizirani za ma receptor awa ngati "ma keybool." Mahomoni awiri omwe matupi athu amapanga mwachilengedwe , estrogen ndi progesterone, ali ngati "makiyi" omwe amalowa m'ma keybool awa.
Pamene homoni iyi, yotchedwa kiyi, ilumikizana ndi bowo la keybo, lotchedwa receptor, pa selo la khansa, selo la khansa limalandira chizindikiro choti "likule kwambiri." Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mahomoni awa amachititsa khansa kukula mofulumira kwambiri.
- Khansa zina zimayankha kokha ku hormone ya estrogen.
- Ena amayankha ku hormone ya progesterone .
- Khansa zina zimayankha mahomoni onsewa.
Timatcha khansa ya m'mawere iyi kuti ndi yolandira mahomoni . Dokotala wanu adzayesa maselo anu a khansa kuti awone ngati akuyankha mahomoni. Ngati atero, pali mankhwala enaake omwe amagwira ntchito bwino.
Kodi mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere ndi otani?
Masiku ano, pali njira zambiri zochiritsira khansa ya m'mawere. Chithandizo chomwe mungalandire chidzadalira mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo, momwe yafalikira, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Mankhwala opitilira amodzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
| Chithandizo | Mwachidule, chimachitika n’chiyani? |
|---|---|
| Opaleshoni | Kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa m'thupi momwe mungathere. Ngati khansa ndi yaying'ono, gawo la chotupacho lokha ndi lomwe limachotsedwa (lumpectomy) . Ngati khansa ndi yayikulu, bere lonse (mastectomy) kapena mabere onse awiri (double mastectomy) lingachotsedwe. |
| Mankhwala a Chemotherapy | Izi zimaphatikizapo kubaya mankhwala amphamvu m'thupi omwe amapha maselo a khansa kapena kuwaletsa kugawikana. Chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa amayenda m'thupi lonse kudzera m'magazi, amatha kupha maselo a khansa omwe afalikira. |
| Chithandizo cha X-ray | Miyezi yamphamvu kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo aliwonse omwe angakhalepo pambuyo pa opaleshoni. |
| Chithandizo cha Mahomoni | Izi zimaperekedwa kokha ku khansa zomwe zimayankha mahomoni a estrogen kapena progesterone. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa estrogen m'thupi kapena kuletsa mphamvu ya estrogen yolumikizana ndi maselo a khansa. |
| Chithandizo Cholunjika | Mankhwalawa ali ngati 'chombo'. Amalimbana ndi mapuloteni enaake, monga HER2 , pa maselo a khansa popanda kuvulaza maselo abwinobwino. |
| Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy | Izi zimaphatikizapo kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lathu, kulola kuti chizindikire ndikuwononga maselo a khansa. |
Kodi mwayi wochira ndi wotani?
"Ndidzakhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?" N'zachilendo kudabwa. Madokotala amayesa izi ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka 5." Mwachidule, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu pa 100 omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere pamlingo winawake omwe akadali ndi moyo patatha zaka 5 (poyerekeza ndi anthu onse omwe alibe matendawa).
- Khansa yoyambirira: 99% (ndiko kuti, anthu 99 mwa anthu 100 aliwonse amakhala ndi moyo zaka 5)
- Khansa ikafalikira ku minofu yozungulira: 86%
- Ikafalikira ku ziwalo zakutali za thupi (Metastatic): 30%
Chofunika kwambiri:Izi ndi ziwerengero zochokera ku deta yochokera ku gulu lalikulu la anthu. Mkhalidwe wanu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri. Zonsezi zimasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wanu, thanzi lanu, komanso momwe thupi lanu limayankhira chithandizo. Choncho musataye mtima ndi ziwerengerozi.
Kodi khansa ingabwerenso?
Tikalandira chithandizo, timati timakhala bwino pamene palibe maselo a khansa omwe angaoneke m'thupi. Komabe, pali mwayi woti khansayo idzabwereranso mtsogolo. Tikutcha izi kuti kubwereranso .
Chiwopsezo cha khansa kubwerera chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri mkati mwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira mutalandira chithandizo. Chiwopsezo chimenecho chimachepa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zina. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu ndikupita kuzipatala pamasiku omwe akonzedwa.
Musamaope kufunsa dokotala wanu kapena mamembala ena a gulu lanu la chithandizo za chilichonse chomwe simukumvetsa kapena chomwe mukuopa. Ngati mukumva kuti mwatopa, funani thandizo kwa mlangizi. Simuyenera kudutsa ulendowu nokha.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Khansa ya m'mawere ndi kukula kosalamulirika kwa maselo. Si vuto lanu.
- Khansa ikapezeka msanga, mwayi wopeza chithandizo ndi kuchira kwathunthu umakhala waukulu. Choncho samalani ndi kudzifufuza nokha m'mawere.
- Masiku ano, pali njira zambiri zochiritsira zapamwamba komanso zopambana, monga opaleshoni, chemotherapy, ndi radiation therapy.
- Lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo.
- Simuli nokha paulendowu. Banja lanu, anzanu, ndi gulu lachipatala ali nanu. Musataye mtima.
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